102rightthe right to life. This motivation alone provides sufficient cause for theMNDH, an organization for the defense and promotion of human rights,to promote the implementation of this database. A second motivation isthe proportionate importance of the issue for Brazilian society in terms ofthe extensive coverage newspapers provide. Generally speaking,homicides are the crimes with the greatest visibility in Brazil. Newspapersthat specialize in the coverage of violence/homicides exist throughoutBrazil. Examples include the Folha de Pernambuco in Pernambuco; theJornal O Pequeno in Maranhão; Agora" in Piauí; Extra in Rio de Janeiro,and most pointedly, Povo do Rio, also in Rio de Janeiro.The database divides its content into five sections. The first dealswith the incidents on a general level and includes the following variables:attribution of the homicide to a group or individual; day and hour in whichthe death occurred; motives and circumstances; weapon(s) utilized;location, according to the most specific residence, public place,neighborhood or municipality identified; further type of violenceaccompanying the homicide (i.e., torture, rape).The second part deals with sources and makes it possible to traceparallels between two newspapers, identifying whether a front-pageheadline and/or photographs of the victims and suspects were publishedand describing the amount of space given to each incident. Thisinformation helps identify the type and amount of treatment the mediaprovides to homicides.The third section contains information that may be used to tracevictims' profiles according to variables such as: name, age, race, sex,occupation, physical characteristics, involvement with drugs, types ofdrugs, involvement in illicit activities, type of illicit activities, and therelationship between the victim and the suspect.Except for the information on the relationship between the victimand the suspect, the same variables available on the victims in section threeare given for the suspects in the fourth section.The fourth section provides special value for the discussion onviolence and criminality in Brazil. If it is essential to have a profile for the
103victims of homicides, it is equally important to have profiles of theperpetrators of such crimes. This information facilitates the proposal anddevelopment of more complete strategies that may help reduce theelevated numbers of homicides in Brazilian society.Finally, the fifth part provides a descriptive synthesis of eachincident and includes: important declarations/statements regarding theincident, explanations for differences in information given by differentnewspapers, person(s) responsible for police action, lists of witnesses,addresses of the victims and suspects, and investigators' observations.SourcesWe chose print media as the primary source for this investigationand the substance of the database because it is available in all states and hasset the standard for reporting homicidal crimes. The criteria used tochoose which newspapers to include were: daily circulation and consistentreporting on violence/homicides.This decision was based on the fact that official sources are ofteninaccessible in many Brazilian states, do not represent the nationalstandard for reporting on homicidal crimes, and do not providesynthesized information on criminal suspects.MethodologyResearchers distributed among the twenty-seven states work dailyto maintain and update the database, following the guidelines establishedby the Procedural Manual and the Table of Codes.Data Collection ProcedureA researcher responsible for the collection and input of data isassigned to each one of the twenty-seven research centers. Various centersemploy a second researcher to verify the research submitted by the firstresearcher. The data collected in each center is periodically sent via email tothe MNDH headquarters in Brasilia, which hosts the database.
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Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary
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In memory of all the victims ofextr
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PART TWO1. Cases of Extrajudicial,
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91IntroductionINTRODUCTIONThe prese
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12Executive Summary2Homicide has re
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14overall, in cases with indicia of
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16A Brief Overviewof Extrajudicial,
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18equally valid in the case of extr
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20With the gradual transition from
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22carry out land reform.This practi
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24extrajudicial, summary or arbitra
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26Next, we analyze a subset of thes
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28At the same time, the public inte
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30dia-reported cases is registered
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32Of these media-reported cases att
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34POLICE VIOLENCEIn the State of S
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36Table 05:Distribution of Victims
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38Analyzing media-reported homicide
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40Tabela 10:Distribution of Victims
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42The discourse that characterizes
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44To these reasons, one other justi
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46responded favorably (either "agre
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48Legal Aspectsof Extrajudicial,Sum
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50one-year legacy of authoritariani
- Page 52 and 53: 52the crime of torture in accordanc
- Page 54 and 55: 54The research presented in this re
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- Page 62 and 63: 62delay, the accused were freed in
- Page 64 and 65: 64as Lea, who affirmed that he was
- Page 66 and 67: 66Rodrigues then kicked the victim'
- Page 68 and 69: 68penitentiary agent Severino Augus
- Page 70 and 71: 703.2. Welington Carlos de Melo, 17
- Page 72 and 73: 72shotgun, injuring Odete Cavalcant
- Page 74 and 75: 74Upon hearing the youths' explanat
- Page 76 and 77: 76carried the minor by his feet to
- Page 78 and 79: 78threatening them with a .38 calib
- Page 80 and 81: 80The police were accused in an Osa
- Page 82 and 83: 82a police station. His mother drov
- Page 84 and 85: 84hands on the roof of the car when
- Page 86 and 87: 86the bathroom. When the police fou
- Page 89 and 90: 89253Recommendations2.1 Invite the
- Page 91 and 92: 91should be authorized to subpoena
- Page 93 and 94: 93and psychological assistance.2.9
- Page 95 and 96: 952.14 Absolutely Prohibit the Use
- Page 97: 972.19 Create a System of CriminalD
- Page 101: 101ANational HumanRights Movement(M
- Page 105 and 106: 105Ceará, Piauí, Rio Grande do No
- Page 107 and 108: 10713. Mott, Luiz. Violação dos D
- Page 109 and 110: 109In Brazil, CRS supports local pa
- Page 111 and 112: 111human rights organizations locat
- Page 113 and 114: 113National Human Rights Movement(M
- Page 115 and 116: 115rapporteurs to develop civil soc
- Page 117 and 118: 117AcknowledgmentsTo the Brazilian
- Page 119 and 120: 119Office for Legal Assistance to G