EXECUTIONS

18equally valid in the case of extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions.Writing in 1984, Pinheiro noted that "the working and under classes inBrazilin contrast with the middle class and the bourgeoisie who have onlybeen exposed to torture during the dictatorship of the Estado Novo(1930) and the current authoritarian military regime [1964-1985] have7lived with the problem since the formation of the Brazilian state.”The tie between extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executionsand torture is one that has always been present in Brazilian society in thecase of common criminal suspects. Author Percival de Souza illustrates theuse of torture and executions by Brazilian security forces, against commoncriminals, " . . . with visible signs of torture, principally on the face (sometorturers preferred punching and kicking), [victims] were rolled in carpetsand taken out of the building as if they were furniture during a move. Castaside in any part of the city, the cadavers added to the list of persons"disappeared." Thus was born, with common criminals, the practice of8forced disappearance.”"Years later," continues Percival de Souza, "through the use of these9and other methods, political prisoners would disappear.” This practice, inconjunction with extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions becameelements of the defense of national security, as the doctrine by the samename "created in the country a climate of hate and violence, of completeinsecurity given that anyone, at any time in any place and for any reason, orno reason at all, could be arrested, hadcuffed and made to disappear10forever, like so many others.7. Pinheiro, Paulo Sérgio. Escritos Indignados. (São Paulo: Editora Brasiliense), 1984, p.109.8. Souza, Percival, Autópsia do Medo: Vida e Morte do Delegado Sérgio Paranhos Fleury. (SãoPaulo: Editora Globo, 2000), 30.9. Ibid., 30.10. Corbisier, op.cit., 16.