Ujce czxysq ghjåkt rfycrjt zpsrb éfñn cndty njhst gjvt hfyb pfyysö öhfybn

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Dj ty yj-djp lei ysö cbk be ltq crjq dt hs jn gjl xb yt ybz ltqcn deñ ot ve d DDC ghf db ke, cj ukfc yj rj nj hj ve pf ght of tn cz yj it ybt kñ åj uj uj kjd yj uj eåj hf d gj vtot ybb. Yt rj nj hst vf nt hbf ks, drkñ xfz vtc rf kby, bc gjkm pet vst ghb jn ghfd kt ybb hb nef kjd Wth rdb fvt hb rfy crbö by ltq wtd. Ce ls CIF gj cnf yj db kb, xnj bc gjkm pj df ybt änj uj yfh rjnb xtc rj uj dt ot cndf zd kz tn cz pf rjy ysv ghb jn ghfd kt ybb by ltq crbö ht kb ub jp ysö jå hz ljd. J’Kj ey ghj nbd yf cktl cn dty yjq vfc cs ct vmb If åfp (1987) Gj cnf yjd kt yj, xnj cj jå hf ét ybz åt pj gfc yjc nb ght ljcnfd kz ñn hf pev yjt jåjc yj df ybt lkz ju hf yb xt ybz exfcnbz pf rkñ xty ysö d ve cekm vfy crjv åj ujc ke ét ybb. Jn ltk nhe lj ec nhjq cn df Lt gfh nf vty nf hf åj xtq cb ks inf nf Jht ujy ghj nbd Cvb nf (1990) Jc nfd kt yj d cb kt ht it ybt jå jn rf pt d gj cj åbb gj åtphf åj nb wt ldev xkt yfv Wth rdb fvt hb rfy crbö by ltq wtd – hf åjn yb rfv ckeé ås htf åb kb nf wbb åjkm ysö yfhrjvf yb tq, rj nj hsö edj kb kb, gj crjkm re jyb ghb yb vf kb ufk kñ wb yj uty ysq vtc rf kby (yfh rjnb xtc rjt dt ot cn dj, gj ke xft vjt bp rfr ne cf vtc rfk) ghb jn ghfd kt ybb ht kbub jp yj uj jå hz lf. Fq hf Åkjr/National Geographic/Getty Ima ges Wth rjdm Ke re vb Åf åf ke Fqt ghj nbd ve yb wb gf kb nt nf Öf qf kbf (1993) Gj cnf yjd kt yj, xnj bp lfy yst ve yb wb gf kb nt njv Öfz kbf gj cnf yjd kt ybz j ghf db kfö jå hf ot ybz c éb djn ys vb zd kz ñn cz lbc rhb vb yf wb jy ys vb d jn yj it ybb ht kb ubb cfy nt hbz b tt jås xfz éth ndjg hb yj it ybz éb djn ysö. Ve yb wb gf kb ntn Åth yt ghj nbd Akj ht cf (1997) Gj cnf yjd kt yj, xnj Rjy uhtcc yt jå kf lf tn gjk yj vj xbzvb gjl vt yznm cj åcn dty ys vb ht it ybz vb ht it ybz at lthfkm ysö ce ltå ysö jh uf yjd d jn yj it ybb ghf dj dsö yjhv ht kb ub jp yjq cdj åj ls, rj nj hst lj kéys cj åkñ lfnm cz inf nf vb. Kjrr ghj nbd Läq db (2004) Gj cnf yjd kt yj, xnj ce ot cn deñ ofz d inf nt Df iby unjy cbc nt vf lt yté ysö gj cj åbq yf ds citt jå hf pj df ybt, rjnj hst yt ds lf ñn cz cne lty nfv, cgt wbf kb pb heñ obv cz d jå kfc nb åj ujc kj dbz, zd kz tn cz rjy cnb ne wb jy yjq. Rfn nth ghj nbd Dbk rby cj yf (2005) Jn rkj yty lj djl j njv, xnj nf xfcnm at lt hfkm yj uj pf rj yf j ht kb ub jp yjq cdj åj lt, rj nj hfz jn yj cbn cz r pf rkñ xty ysv b lhe ubv cj lth éf obv cz d uj ce lfh cn dtyysö pf dt lt yb zö kb wfv, yf he if tn gj kj ét ybt jå ec nfyjd kt ybb ht kb ubb d Gth djq gj ghfd rt r Rjy cnb ne wbb. Ujy pf ktc ghj nbd O Ce ntro Espirita Be ne fi cie nte Unifo do Ve ge tal (2006) Gj cnf yjd kt yj, xnj Pf rjy j djc cnf yjd kt ybb ht kb ub jp yjq cdj åj ls jn 1993 uj lf pf ob of tn ghf dj yt åjkm ijq ht kbub jp yjq ctr ns bvgjh nbhj dfnm b bc gjkm pj dfnm ufk kñ wbyj uty ysq ght gf hfn ghb jn ghfd kt ybb cdj bö ht kb ub jp ysö jå hz ljd. n Gthtgtxfnfyj c hfphtitybz Ajhevf htkbubjpyjq b jåotcndtyyjq ébpyb bv. Gmñ: www.pe wforum.org. Copyright 2007 Pew Research Ce nt er. Vytybz, dshfétyyst d lfyyjq cnfnmt, yt jåzpfntkmyj jnhféfñn njxre phtybz bkb gjkbnbre ghfdbntkmcndf CIF. eJournal USA 24
Pf ob nf ht kb ub jp yjq cdj åj ls d vb ht: dct vbh ysq rjy cty cec Léjy D. Öäy ajhl, ÈÈÈ © Aj nj FG/Gfå kj Vfh nb ytp Vjy cb df bc Léjy Öäy ajhl ÈÈÈ, gj cjk gj jcj åsv gj he xt yb zv, cdz pfy ysv cj cdj åj ljq dt hj bc gj dt lf ybz, jåüzd kz tn j geå kb rf wbb tétujl yj uj jå ckt lj df ybz, ghj dj lb vj uj Ujc lt gfh nf vty njv CIF. Cdjåjlf dthjbcgjdtlfybz ghbpyftncz vtéleyfhjlysvb cjukfitybzvb rfr ytghtkjéyjt ghfdj xtkjdtrf, b Cjtlbytyyst Infns Fvthbrb ltkfñn dct djpvjéyjt lkz njuj, xnjås pfobofnm änj ghfdj dj dctv vbht. Léjy Öäyajhl – gjcjk CIF gj jcjåsv gjhextybzv, cdzpfyysv cj cdjåjljq dthjbcgjdtlfybz Cdj åj lf dt hj bc gj dt lf ybz – aey lf vty nfkm yjt ghf dj, pf rhtg kty yjt d Gth djq gj ghfd rt r Rjycnb ne wbb CIF b uke åj rj erj ht ybd itt cz d fvthb rfy crjq bc nj hbb b yf wbj yfkm yjv öf hfr nt ht. Ckt le tn jn vt nbnm, xnj cnhtv kt ybt fvt hb rfy wtd pf ob nbnm ghf dj yf cdj åj le dt hj bc gj dt lf ybz yt ju hf yb xb df tn cz nth hbnj hb tq CIF. Hfc gj kf ufz cdt lt ybz vb j njv, xnj ghf dbntkm cn df vyj ubö cnhfy jn rf ps df ñn cdj bv uhfé lf yfv d ghf dt bc gj dt lj dfnm ne bkb byeñ ht kb ubñ b jn ghfd kznm ht kb ub jp yst jå hz ls, Cj tlb yty yst Inf ns ghb dth étys cj ltqcn dbñ b pf ob nt cdj åj ls dt hj bc gj dt lf ybz dj dctv vb ht. Cdj åj lf ht kb ub jp yj uj dt hj bc gj dt lf ybz eét lfdyj ghb pyf yf yt ghb rjc yj dty ysv ghf djv xt kj dt rf d vté le yf hjl ysö cj ukf it yb zö b lj uj dj hfö, nf rbö rfr Dct jå ofz ltr kf hf wbz ghfd xt kj dt rf b Vté le yf hjlysq gfrn j uhfé lfy crbö b gj kb nb xtc rbö ghf dfö. Yf jc yj dt änj uj vté le yfhjl yj uj rjy cty ce cf, CIF ghbps df ñn ghf db ntkm cn df dctö cnhfy ds gjk yznm erf pfyyst vté le yf hjl yst jåz pf ntkm cn df, yt yf cnfb dfz yf ghtl gjx nbntkm yjc nb fvt hb rfy crj uj gjl öj lf r lfy yj ve dj ghj ce. D 1998 uj le Rjy uhtcc CIF tlb yju kfc yj ghb yzk Pf rjy j vté le yfhjl yjq cdj åj lt ht kb ub jp yj uj dthj bc gj dt lf ybz. Pf rjy pf rht gbk nj, xnj bc nj hb xtc rb zd kz tn cz jl ybv bp ghb jhb nt njd vté le yfhjl yjq gj kbnb rb CIF, cj plfd yj dst ñhb lb xtc rbt vt öf ybp vs lkz eJournal USA 25
Page 2 and 3: UJCELFHCNDTYYSQ LTGFH
Page 4 and 5: Ujcelfhcndtyysq Ltgfh
Page 6 and 7: Lj hjé ysq pyfr d vf ktym rjv uj h
Page 8 and 9: Vyj uj kb rfz njk gf by le bc njd y
Page 10 and 11: Ahfy wbc rfy crbq cdz oty ybr Uty y
Page 12 and 13: crjq vt nf ab pb xtc rjq ht kb ubb
Page 14 and 15: Lt vju hf abz dt hs Åhf qfy Uhbv b
Page 16 and 17: uj ce lfh cn dj ib hj rj ghb pyf tn
Page 18 and 19: wth rdb ghj éb df tn yf pf gf lt g
Page 20 and 21: ljv rjyrhtnyjv ckexft. Änb
Page 22 and 23: © AP Ima ges/Xfhkmp Htrc Äy åj u
Page 24 and 25: Jy gj lftn d cel, xnj ås pf cnf db
Page 28 and 29: gjl lth érb b jö hf ys cdj åj ls
Page 30 and 31: Cñ pfy Vfr lfa ab, hf qjy ysq lb h
Page 32 and 33: gfc cf éb hjd tcnm fk rj ujkm yst
Page 34 and 35: Aj nj: Fhjy Kbö njd/ Td htq crfz i
Page 36 and 37: jn rhs nsö ldt htq - ≤lyb jn rhs
Page 38 and 39: Wtynh ht kb ub jp yjq cdj åj ls By

Ujce czxysq ghjåkt rfycrjt zpsrb éfñn cndty njhst gjvt hfyb pfyysö öhfybn

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