The First International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas

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including marine mammals, and to foster guardianship across the ocean to promote species recovery. • <strong>The</strong>re is a need to establish an international network to share, perpetuate, and support traditional knowledge and marine mammals. Networks and linkages among indigenous people need to be strengthened and supported to enhance marine mammal protection (particularly where resident species are the same, migratory species and populations are shared geographically, or the same animals breed in one area and forage in another). Capacities among indigenous communities differ and need to be supported. Such networks can add value to the more established scientific networks for the improved design and management of MMPAs. Such networks may also assist in further advocating for the protection of intellectual property rights over our knowledge. • Partnerships among governments, communities, and NGOs regarding the management of MPAs should be strengthened to assist in the integration of traditional and local knowledge into management planning and implementation. • Indigenous people need to be represented on national delegations to international bodies (such as the <strong>International</strong> Whaling Commission) and integrated into the international debate on marine resource management. Specific Recommendations to the <strong>Conference</strong>: • Sessions (plenary sessions, panels, and workshops) should be integrated to provide both scientific and cultural perspectives alongside each other in addressing issues related to MMPAs. • A half-day workshop focused on culture and traditional knowledge was insufficient. Whole day sessions or a series of sessions should be planned in the future. • More indigenous managers and researchers should be represented on the conference organizing committee and involved in the planning of future conferences. <strong>The</strong>se managers and researchers should be more prominently featured alongside scientific presenters in future conferences and meetings. • <strong>The</strong> conference was overly focused on the role of science in MMPA development and management. More attention should be paid to the role and value of traditional and local knowledge as well as cultural values of cetaceans in the interest of providing and fostering a more holistic perspective. • <strong>The</strong> term MPA/MMPA may be modified to MMA/MMMA (Marine Managed Area – triple “M”A). <strong>The</strong> term MPA is often perceived as promulgating a more western approach while undermining the more holistic traditional approaches to management. <strong>The</strong> term MPA also does not easily give value to indigenous views that include humans as integral parts of the ecosystem, with sustainable use as one management option. ICMMPA <strong>Conference</strong> Proceedings 86
Workshop 5: MMPAs and MMPA Networks for Monk Seal Conservation: Hawai‘i vs. Mediterranean Convener: Lisa Van Atta Participants: Bud Antonelis, Bob Braun, David Cottingham, Doug DeMaster, Krista Graham, Harun Guclusoy, <strong>The</strong>a Johanos-Kam, Alexandros Karamanlidis, Spyros Kotomatas, David Laist, Charles Littnan, Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara, Rosa Pires, Randall Reeves, Teri Rowles, Jeff Walters, Michelle Yuen. Workshop Goal: To identify topics for which capacity building and collaboration among managers and researchers will aid the recovery of monk seal populations. Summary of Findings: This workshop provided a unique opportunity for monk seal researchers and managers from Hawai‘i and from several Mediterranean monk seal range states (specifically Greece, Turkey, and Portugal [Madeira]) to present and share current information. Indepth discussions revealed successes and failures, shared challenges, and great potential for further interaction among individuals involved in the conservation of these two critically endangered species (the Hawaiian monk seal and the Mediterranean monk seal). Short-term Recommendations: • Protocols and documents currently used to guide Hawaiian and Mediterranean monk seal recovery activities should be shared. Recovery efforts will be enhanced and ongoing issues and challenges will be better addressed by maintaining regular communication and by conducting biennial Monachus workshops in conjunction with conferences of the Society for Marine Mammalogy. • Specific items of information exchange should include – � Methods for characterization of habitat and resources essential for reproduction and foraging success of monk seals, e.g., telemetry devices, animal-borne camera systems, capture and chemical immobilization techniques. � Protocols for enforcement and protection of MMPAs (e.g., VMS within MMPAs). � Procedures for stock assessment and population monitoring, e.g., sampling design for data collection and analysis, techniques of collection and storage of genetic samples. � Techniques for health evaluation, rehabilitation, and release, e.g., protocols for neonates, juveniles, sub-adults, and adults; plans for response to unusual mortality events. � Strategic plans for building public support for conservation and recovery of monk seals and for assessing success, e.g., outreach and education ICMMPA <strong>Conference</strong> Proceedings 87
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ProCeedingS oF tHe FirSt internAtio
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIO
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Workshop 6: Creating Regulations th
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marine biodiversity and ocean healt
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catalysts, partners, or support sys
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Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale Nat
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Symposium 1: Designing MPAs and MPA
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networks in the public eye, on the
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Protected Area of Mediterranean Imp
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Mia dolphins, dugongs, and loggerhe
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Symposium 2: Managing MMPAs Moderat
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The following sugg
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• The importance
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have been that MPA managers lack ex
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capacity building in order to addre
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of a cargo vessel (M/V Dunlin Arrow
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Symposium 3: Networking for the Fut
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spatial extent of such “habitat
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Panel 1: Marine Mammal Research wit
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used to study smaller-scale habitat
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ehavior and cultural trait consider
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Bryde’s whales in Southeast Brazi
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Ocean-wide, international, collabor
Page 49 and 50: into question the efficacy of IWC w
Page 51 and 52: sanctuaries would benefit from care
Page 53 and 54: Panel 3: How Can MPAs and Networks
Page 55 and 56: Summaries of Presentations: Ship st
Page 57 and 58: How to deal with temporally and spa
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Page 61 and 62: A key question is: Are time/area cl
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Page 67 and 68: Improving MPAs and MPA networks - a
Page 69 and 70: such as the following: (1) responsi
Page 71 and 72: Summary of Findings: Protected area
Page 73 and 74: This case study follows a familiar
Page 75 and 76: • Protect whole communities of or
Page 77 and 78: Summary Points from Presentations:
Page 79 and 80: Critical habitat designations under
Page 81 and 82: • Important issues for possible M
Page 83 and 84: Workshop 2: Criteria for Marine Mam
Page 85 and 86: Building networks of MPAs Colleen C
Page 87 and 88: or biological productivity. A great
Page 89 and 90: Workshop 3: Getting Stakeholders to
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Page 93 and 94: Postponement of MPA adoption has cr
Page 95 and 96: � Clarify errors and misunderstan
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Page 103 and 104: Workshop 6: Creating Regulations th
Page 105 and 106: Appendix 1. List of Training Sessio
Page 107 and 108: Appendix 3. List of Marine Mammal P
Page 109 and 110: Australia Petrachenko, Donna <stron
Page 111 and 112: Chile Cabrera, Elsa Centro de Conse
Page 113 and 114: Indonesia Himawan, Haryadi Secretar
Page 115 and 116: New Zealand Slooten, Elisabeth Asso
Page 117 and 118: Taiwan Lee, Jeng-Di Assistant Profe
Page 119 and 120: United States Barr, Bradley NOAA Of
Page 121 and 122: United States Cottingham, David NOA
Page 123 and 124: United States Hatch, Leila Marine E
Page 125 and 126: United States Kosaki, Randall Deput
Page 127 and 128: United States Moran, Patrick Foreig
Page 129 and 130: United States Roberts, Eric MPS Pro
Page 131 and 132: United States Uravitch, Joseph Dire
Page 133 and 134: Members of the Steering Committee B
Page 135: For More inForMAtion: Visit the con
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The First International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas

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