The First International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas

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Workshop 6: Creating Regulations that Actually Work: Enforcement vs. Education Appendix 1. List of Training Sessions 91 Appendix 2. List of Species Names 92 Appendix 3: List of Marine Mammal Protected Areas 93 Directory of Participants 94 Members of the Steering Committee 119 Members of the Program Committee 120 A traditional Hawaiian blessing and hula opened the conference. Participants of the <strong>First</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Marine Mammal Protected Areas. ICMMPA <strong>Conference</strong> Proceedings vi 89
Executive Summary and Main Conclusions From March 30—April 3, 2009, more than 200 marine mammal protected area (MMPA) researchers and managers and representatives of government departments and conservation groups from 40 countries met in Maui, Hawai‘i, to explore how they might build networks of people, institutions, and protected areas to advance the conservation of marine mammals and their habitat. <strong>The</strong> overall conference theme of “networks: making connections” was explored in three conference threads focusing on (1) design, (2) management, and (3) networking for the future of MMPAs and MMPA networks. <strong>The</strong>se thematic strands were realized through a combination of talks and panels in three plenary symposiums, followed by workshops, training sessions, posters, and films. <strong>The</strong> first symposium thread on design of MMPAs and MMPA networks established that there is a growing number of MMPAs but that their effective coverage of important or critical habitat of the many wide-ranging species of marine mammals remains slight. A few networks are in the early stages of development, including a sister-sanctuary relationship between the United States and the Dominican Republic for humpback whale feeding and breeding areas, but the network possibilities remain largely unrealized. <strong>The</strong>re are substantial benefits in terms of exchange of knowledge and resources, as well as providing better protection for marine mammals. Engagement is also needed with the larger marine protected area (MPA) community at national, regional, and international levels. In terms of management, many MPAs have been slow to set up effective management plans with monitoring regimes. To be effective, management must be continuous and science-based, incorporate ecosystem-based management and monitoring, take account of socioeconomic concerns and larger environmental issues, particularly those related to fisheries, and include public participation with educational programs. To meet such challenges, political will is essential. Many management approaches have been tried, including time-area closures, permitting/licensing mechanisms, targeted research, and various educational tools. <strong>The</strong>se approaches need to be evaluated and shared. Strategies for ensuring funding and achieving success on a low budget are equally important. Considerable time and effort was devoted to the problem of how to measure management effectiveness. Adaptive management is considered an important tool, but MMPAs should still be established with the best possible management from the beginning. <strong>The</strong> third strand looked to the future and included, among other things, new approaches for pelagic and high-seas MMPAs based on monitoring dynamic and ephemeral ocean systems as well as discussion of ocean zoning outside MMPA networks, which becomes more important with accelerating exploitation of pelagic waters and the high seas. Region-scale spatial management, using comprehensive ocean zoning, could help address threats throughout the extensive ranges of marine mammals. Protecting marine mammals as umbrella species can result in conservation measures that protect whole communities and ecosystems, and as such can be seen as an investment in maintaining ICMMPA <strong>Conference</strong> Proceedings vii
Page 1 and 2: ProCeedingS oF tHe FirSt internAtio
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Page 8 and 9: marine biodiversity and ocean healt
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Page 12 and 13: Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale Nat
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Page 17 and 18: networks in the public eye, on the
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Page 29 and 30: have been that MPA managers lack ex
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Page 37 and 38: spatial extent of such “habitat
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Page 51 and 52: sanctuaries would benefit from care
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How to deal with temporally and spa
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• There is a nee
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A key question is: Are time/area cl
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• Clear guidelines and standards
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• Direct greater attention to the
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Improving MPAs and MPA networks - a
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such as the following: (1) responsi
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Summary of Findings: Protected area
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This case study follows a familiar
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• Protect whole communities of or
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Summary Points from Presentations:
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Critical habitat designations under
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• Important issues for possible M
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Workshop 2: Criteria for Marine Mam
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Building networks of MPAs Colleen C
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or biological productivity. A great
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Workshop 3: Getting Stakeholders to
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promise by Queen Victoria surfaced
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Postponement of MPA adoption has cr
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� Clarify errors and misunderstan
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plans and strategies. The</
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networking, often still used among
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Workshop 5: MMPAs and MMPA Networks
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Workshop 6: Creating Regulations th
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Appendix 1. List of Training Sessio
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Appendix 3. List of Marine Mammal P
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Australia Petrachenko, Donna <stron
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Chile Cabrera, Elsa Centro de Conse
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Indonesia Himawan, Haryadi Secretar
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New Zealand Slooten, Elisabeth Asso
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Taiwan Lee, Jeng-Di Assistant Profe
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United States Barr, Bradley NOAA Of
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United States Cottingham, David NOA
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United States Hatch, Leila Marine E
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United States Kosaki, Randall Deput
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United States Moran, Patrick Foreig
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United States Roberts, Eric MPS Pro
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United States Uravitch, Joseph Dire
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Members of the Steering Committee B
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For More inForMAtion: Visit the con
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The First International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas

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