BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAŞI

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58 Irina Grădinaru et al. xi) between measurements, eyes will be relaxed by looking an blue object; xii) samples are changing fast during the determination, by removal; xii) color is compared in different conditions (eg. dry and wet, lip retracted and lowered, light sources in different incidents); xiv) metamerism is tested by evaluating the color with different light sources (incandescent light, natural light) (Bratu, 1994; O’Brien, 2008). In conclusion, for determining the color can be used: the visual method (subjective), the simplest and the most common, performed using color key or technical methods (objectives), more complex and require expensive technical equipment. Whichever method is used, a more precise determination of color contributes to the success of the integration of the restoration in the dentosomato-facial equilibrium. REFERENCES Bratu D. Materiale dentare: bazele fizico-chimice. Ed. Helicon, Timişoara, 1994. *** http://www.agd.org *** http://www.globaldentalsolutions.com/shadeguides.html. McCabe J. F., Walls A., Applied Dental Materials. Ed. John Wiley and Sons, 2008. O’Brien W. J., Dental Materials and their Selection. Ed. Quintessence Pub. Co, 2008. CONSIDERAŢII GENERALE PRIVIND CULOAREA ÎN PRACTICA STOMATOLOGICĂ (Rezumat) Determinarea culorii continuă să reprezinte, şi la ora actuală, o problemă delicată a medicinii dentare. În practica stomatologică, medicul poate constata obiectiv numai identitatea culorilor sau diferenţa acestora. Însă, de la aceasta constatare, până la caracterizarea culorii şi transmiterea datelor la laboratorul de tehnică dentară este o cale lungă şi dificilă. Lucrarea de faţă prezintă o sinteză a datelor din literatura de specialitate privind culoarea care, alături de transluciditate, luciu şi fluorescenţă, contribuie la calităţile estetice ale restaurărilor dentare. Pentru determinarea culorii se pot utiliza: metoda vizuală (subiectivă), cea mai simplă şi mai răspândită, realizată cu ajutorul cheii de culori, sau metode tehnice (obiective), mult mai complexe şi care necesită o dotare tehnică costisitoare. Indiferent de metoda utilizată, o determinare cât mai precisă a culorii contribuie la asigurarea succesului integrării restaurării în echilibrul dento-somato-facial.
BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAŞI Publicat de Universitatea Tehnică „Gheorghe Asachi” din Iaşi Tomul LVIII (LXII), Fasc. 3, 2012 Secţia MATEMATICĂ. MECANICĂ TEORETICĂ. FIZICĂ STATIC ANALYSIS OF THE VIRTUAL HUMAN KNEE JOINT USING FEM BY MARIUS CATANĂ and DANIELA TARNIŢĂ ∗ University of Craiova, Department of Applied Mechanics Received: May 15, 2012 Accepted for publication: July 10, 2012 Abstract. One of the most important and most complex joint in the human body is the knee joint. The main objective of this article is to develop a threedimensional solid finite element model of the knee joint to predict stresses in its individual components (femur, tibia, peroneus, menisci and cartilages). A nonlinear analysis was performed. The non-linearities are due to the presence of the contact elements modelled between components surfaces. This paper presents a complex human knee joint model with cartilaginous tissue, using ANSYS Workbench 14.0, which show us multiple contact pairs working together (Nonlinear analysis) The applied force was equal with 800 N. In this paper the bones were assumed having isotropic material properties. Key words: knee joint, FEM, simulation, stresses, displacements. 1. Introduction One of the most important joint in the human body is the knee joint. Many papers have been published about it, but most of these works use simplified models, using 2D or some using 3D approaches but without knee joint essential parts. While the mathematical models of the knee joint can be useful to predict forces and stresses in individual structures of the articulation, as well as to estimate its kinematics, validation of such models is a challenging task. It is complicated to make a computational model of the knee that ∗ Corresponding author: e-mail: dtarnita@yahoo.com
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