2016 DEFENCE WHITE PAPER

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128 CHAPTER FIVE: POSITIONING DEFENCE FOR TOMORROW’S CHALLENGES Timor-Leste 5.44 Timor-Leste has achieved considerable social and economic progress since the Australian-led International Stabilisation Force concluded operations in 2013. Our proximity, historical links, and shared stake in regional stability means Australia retains an enduring strategic interest in supporting Timor-Leste’s growing capacity to meet its own security needs. The key objective of our substantial defence cooperation partnership will be to provide continued support to the development of a capable and responsive Timor-Leste Defence Force and Ministry that are able to contribute to the country’s growth and stability. SECTION TWO CAPABILITY 5.45 Maritime security is a growing focus of our partnership, given our mutual interest in addressing illegal fishing, transnational crime, and related security challenges. Timor-Leste has been invited to participate in the Pacific Maritime Security Program. Under this program, Australia has offered Timor-Leste two new patrol boats packaged with sustainment, training for Timor-Leste naval personnel, and advisory support. Defence will also continue to work with the Timor-Leste Defence Force land component, through cooperative activities including exercises and its extensive English language training program, to strengthen the ability of the Timor-Leste Defence Force to operate effectively and professionally. South East Asia 5.46 As well as our important defence relationship with Indonesia, Australia has strong and longstanding bilateral and multilateral partnerships with countries in South East Asia, founded on a history of practical cooperation and dialogue. The Government considers that the security architecture of the region and our strong bilateral partnerships with countries in South East Asia can be strengthened further. 5.47 Military modernisation has increased the ability of South East Asian countries to contribute to shared security responsibilities and
International defence relationships 129 provided opportunities for increasingly sophisticated practical military cooperation with Australia. The Government will build on these developments to strengthen our security partnerships and support regional responses to shared security challenges. In particular, we will work with regional partners to develop shared maritime domain awareness capabilities that provide a basis for greater maritime security cooperation. 5.48 The Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA) with Malaysia, Singapore, New Zealand and the United Kingdom is the longest standing regional security mechanism for Australia. The FPDA is the only multilateral security agreement focused on practical cooperation of its kind in the South East Asian region. Since 1971, the FPDA has been an enduring and important feature of Australia’s efforts to advance its interests by working with partners to promote security in South East Asia. 5.49 Participation in the FPDA increases habits of cooperation and interoperability between its members and makes a practical contribution to regional security resilience. Australia will continue to seek to promote military interoperability through the conduct of complex, high-end combined FPDA exercises that have the greatest benefit for Australia and the FPDA’s other members. SECTION TWO CAPABILITY 5.50 Singapore is Australia’s most advanced defence partner in South East Asia and shares Australia’s interest in a secure maritime trading environment. We have a long history of defence engagement, including supporting Singaporean military training in Australia and cooperating as partners in operations in Afghanistan. 5.51 The Comprehensive Strategic Partnership signed on 29 June 2015 sets out how Australia and Singapore will further strengthen our relationship, including our economic, security, foreign policy and people to people links. Under the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, our expanding defence cooperation will be based on five areas: more exchanges of 2016 DEFENCE WHITE PAPER
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14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY dynamics betwe
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24 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government
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26 ' SECTION ONE Strategy CHAPTER O
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29 ``Chapter One: The Government’
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Why now? 31 strategy and budget, de
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Managing strategic risk 33 1.15 A s
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Managing strategic risk 35 role in
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39 ``Chapter Two: Strategic Outlook
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Australia’s security environment
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Regional security environments 53 L
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Regional security environments 65 C
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67 ``Chapter Three: Australia
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Strategic Defence Interests 69 and
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Strategic Defence Objectives 71 Str
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Strategic Defence Objectives 73 3.1
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Strategic Defence Objectives 75 Mar
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The funding model 179 provided assu
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How will Defence funding be spent?
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Budgeting in Defence 183 8.18 Imple
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