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Eastern Arc Mountains Forests of Tanzania MAGAMBA PROPOSED NATURE RESERVE Name of site: Magamba Designation: Forest Reserve Proposed Nature Reserve Gazette notification: Magamba was originally established as Shume Mgamba Forest Reserve in 1942, subsequently described in GN No. 417, JB 572 of 1963. This site of 12,000 ha was resurveyed in November 2008 with a view to upgrading the natural forest to Nature Reserve status and notifying some 4,000 ha of plantations as Shume-Magamba Plantation Forest. The boundary of the proposed Magamba Nature Reserve is defined in JB 2568. Date of notification: Notified as Forest Reserve in 1942; currently scheduled to be notified as a nature reserve in April 2010. Land ownership: Forestry and Beekeeping Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism Area (ha): 8,700 ha Location Centre point: 4°40'S and 38°15'E Districts: Lushoto Mountain Block: West Usambara Brief description Geography: Magamba is the largest among the 14 forest reserves in Lushoto District that lies within the Eastern Arc Mountains. Geologically, the basement blocks of the Usambaras have been comparatively stable for more than 20 million years (Wiersum et al., 1985), believed to contribute to the high biodiversity value of the forest. They comprise a complex series of ancient metamorphic rocks, assigned to the Usambara system of Precambrian rocks. Texturally rock types are grannies, often intruded by quartzite veins. Much repetition of outcrop occurs due to complex fold movements, although the rock sequence tends to be fairly uniform. Slopes are steep to gently undulating and are intersected at their base by narrow flat valleys. Magamba is an important water catchment, with some 28 streams and five dams. Settlements: 17 villages border the Nature Reserve, comprising a total population of 58,996 (2008). Altitudinal range: Altitude ranges from 1650 to the peak of Kwahondo at some 2300 m. The land drops sharply to the west of Shume on the edge of West Usambara scarp (URT, 2003). Climate: Cool conditions prevail throughout much of the year, with temperatures ranging between 15°C and 21°C from June to September. Temperature ranges between 25°C and 30°C during the hot season (October – December). Mean annual rainfall is 1200 mm, with long rains from mid-March to May and short rains between October and December.. Vegetation: Comprises sub-montane and upper montane forests, wetter than those of the Pare Mountains further west. Wet montane forests are dominated by camphor (Ocotea usambarensis), with some podo (Podocarpus usambarensis and P. pensiculy), and have dense undergrowth of Lansthus cirumilee and other shrubs. Associated species include Ficalhoa, Pygium, Rapanea, Fagaropsis and Cassipourea. Dry montane forest occurs in the northern and western portions of Shume and consists mainly of cedar (Juniperus procera), with a thick shrub understorey of Fuclea, Teclea and Catha species (Kiboga & Machange 2005). Other vegetation types include grasslands and shrublands, with heather and Philippia sp. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism 34
Eastern Arc Mountains Forests of Tanzania Summary of biodiversity values: Taxonomic group No. species* No. endemic species No. threatened endemic/ nearendemic species OUV - Site endemic species No. endemic spp. No. threatened endemic species Flora not compiled not compiled not compiled 1 not compiled Amphibians 3 3 0 0 Reptiles 0 0 0 0 Birds 4 2 1 1 Mammals 1 3 0 0 Vertebrates not compiled 8 8 1 1 Management Plan (MNRT 2009b) Period: 2009/10 – 2013/14 Status: Management plan for Magamba Nature Reserve prepared September 2009 and is approved. Staffing: Currently 8 staff, of which 7 are Forest Assistants and include 3 serving as Rangers. Recruitment scheduled in the management plan for 2009/10 is 1 Conservator, 4 graduates, 2 Range Officers and 4 Beat Officers. A total complement of 33 staff is planned for 2010/11. Budget: T.Shs 1.986 billion over 5 years, from which T.Shs 635 million was due to be allocated in 2008/09 and T.Shs 590 million in 2009/10. Income from tourism, sale of confiscated forest products and fines totalled T.Shs 1.9 million in 2007/08. The Norwegian Government has supported projects since 1997/98. Goal: “To protect and ensure stability of unique habitat for sustainable water flow and increased environmental, cultural and biodiversity values.” Objectives: To guarantee a permanent and good water supply for domestic, rural and urban use, as well as agricultural, hydroelectric and industrial use. To conserve the biodiversity of the forest. To protect unique sites/landscape. To increase the flow of benefits to local comminities. To increase returns from efficient management of the reserve. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism 35
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