eastern arc mountains forests of tanzania - Campaign for the ...

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Eastern Arc Mountains Forests of Tanzania Altitudinal range: 300 – 2,068 m Climate: Annual rainfall in the area ranges from 1,350 mm to 2,000 mm and sometimes exceeds 3000 mm in wetter areas. Estimated mean temperatures range between 20°C maximum in December and 15°C minimum in July. On lowland areas temperatures reach a maximum in December (27°C) and minimum in December (19°C). Vegetation: Comprises lowland, submontane and montane forests, with areas of seasonally inundated mbuga grassland and grassland with bushes. Lowland forests are relatively dry and have a low, often broken canopy with woodland species except near streams. Submontane forests are well developed, though they have dry forest species on the ridges. Much of the montane forest on the plateau above the scarp is secondary, and may have been cultivated in the historical past. Extensive stands of bamboo are reported from the western side. Interpretation of aerial photographs of the vegetation cover taken in 1957 by HIMA/DANIDA in 1990 provides figures of 238 ha of Mbuga grassland, 1113 ha of bushed grassland, 18,463 ha of closed moist forest and 921 ha of open moist forest (Lovett and Pócs 1993). Lowland forest: Canopy 10 - 15 m, taller along streams, with emergents to 20 - 30 m. Much disturbed in the lower parts with tangled thicket following extraction of Milicia excelsa. Trees include: Afzelia, Anthocleista, Funtumia, Garcinia buchananii, Khaya nyasica, Malacantha, Milicia, Newtonia, Porterandia, Sorindeia, Terculia. Woodland species occurring in the forest include: Annona, Kigelia africana, Sterculia quinqueloba. Submontane forest: Canopy 20 - 30 m in the valleys, lower on the ridge tops. Trees include: Allanblackia stuhlmannii, Bequaertiodendron natalense, Bombax, Ixora scheffleri, Newtonia buchananii, Octoknema, Syzygium guineense subsp. afromontanum. Montane forest: Canopy 15 - 20 (25) m. The forest is apparently in an early successional stage, with many small poles and large moribund Agauria salicifolia. Trees include: Agauria salicifolia, Aningeria adolfii-freidericii, Aphloia, Bersama abyssininca, Cassipourea malosana, Drypetes gerrardii, Ensete, ventricosa Macaranga kilimandscharica, Measa lanceolata, Parinari excelsa, Phoenix reclinata, Pittosporum viridiflorum, Rapanea melanophloeos, Schrebera alata, Tabernaemontana, Trichoscypha ulugurensis, and Xymalos monospora. Summary of biodiversity values: Taxonomic group No. species* No. endemic species No. threatened endemic/ near- No. endemic endemic species spp. OUV - Site endemic species No. threatened endemic species Flora not compiled not compiled not compiled 6 not compiled Amphibians 36 12 19 5 5 Reptiles 33 14 5 0 0 Birds 18 4 7 0 0 Mammals 10 5 6 0 0 Vertebrates 35 37 5 5 Management plan Period 2010/2011 – 2015/2016 Status: The management plan is being prepared and the Forestry and Beekeeping Division is committed to complete this work by the end of 2010, using the standard format and procedures for the preparation of nature reserve management plans as applied for the other nature reserves included in this nomination. The overall goal and objectives for the reserve will remain consistent with those for other nature reserves as will the management approach. Considerable progress has been made with mapping the reserve boundaries and demarcating them with permanent beacons and directional trenches. All villages surrounding the reserve have signed agreements supporting the gazettment of the nature reserve as have the two districts (Kilombero and Kilolo). Staffing: Currently 1 Forest Officer. This will increase significantly once the Nature Reserve is established. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism 56
Eastern Arc Mountains Forests of Tanzania Budget: Recurrent T.Shs 1.5 million / year and development T.Shs 18,000,000 (2008 / 09). It is anticipated that this will increase once the reserve is gazetted as a Nature Reserve. Goal In line with the goal of other nature reserves, Uzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve will protect the unique, biologically important rainforest ecosystem of the Udzungwa Mountains and maintain biodiversity, genetic resources, natural processes and cultural values in an undisturbed, dynamic and evolutionary state for the benefit of present and future generations, as well as to enhance scientific study, environmental monitoring, environmental education, and sustainable controlled local and recreational uses. Objectives: To preserve habitats, ecosystems and species in as undisturbed a state as possible. To maintain genetic resources in a dynamic and evolutionary state. To maintain established ecological processes. To safeguard structural landscape features or rock exposures. To secure examples of the natural environment for scientific studies, environmental monitoring and education, including baseline areas from which all avoidable access is excluded. To minimise disturbance by careful planning and execution for research and other approved activities. To limit public access as appropriate to meet biodiversity conservation objectives. Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism 57
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