Media and Minorities

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The Negative Effects 205 Warm Neutral Cold Percent NPR PBS MSNBC CNN Talk radio Fox News Note: Numbers indicate percentage of respondent who felt warm, neutral, or cold towards “Illegal Aliens” across different trusted news sources. Fig. 7: Trusted News Sources and Attitudes Towards Undocumented Immigrants While we cannot address issues of potential reverse causality with observational data, we are confident that strong relationships exist among viewing and trusting more conservative news sources, having colder feelings towards Latinos and undocumented immigrants, and agreeing more strongly with negative stereotypes. Other research, however, suggests that the relationship might be causal. As Akdenizli et al. (2008) point out, conservative voices on cable television and talk radio played a crucial role in framing the debate on comprehensive immigration reform, mobilizing grassroots opposition, and stymying the immigration reform debate in 2006 and 2007.23 Priming Experiment While the previous survey found strong correlations between media consumption and attitudes towards Latinos, we were unable to measure directly the impact of the medium and the message. Given that respondents trust some media sources more than others, and that media elites use a variety of 23 See also “Campaign for President Takes Center Stage in Coverage” (Pew Research Center, Journalism and Media, 2007), http://www.journalism.org/2007/08/20/campaign-forpresident-takes-center-stage-in-coverage/. © 2016, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783525300886 — ISBN E-Book: 9783666300882
206 Tyler Reny, Sylvia Manzano frames, metaphors, and stereotypes when talking about Latinos and immigrants, it is possible that some media and some messages have a stronger impact on respondents’ attitudes than others. Using data from an interactive online experiment, we were able to test different combinations. Participants in the experiment were randomly assigned to one of ten groups. The first two groups received either no stimulus or a placebo. The remaining respondents either watched a positive or a negative or movie clip (entertainment prime), watched a positive or a negative TV news story (TV news prime), listened to a positive or a negative radio clip (radio prime), or read a positive or a negative print article (print prime).24 Following the prime, respondents answered questions on their views about Latinos, immigrants, and the media. We focus on comparing those who received positive primes and negative primes below. Positive Stereotypes Looking first at media and positive stereotypes, respondents who were exposed to positive primes were more likely to agree that positive stereotypes applied to Latinos than those who were exposed to negative primes. The pattern held across the positive stereotypes. In Figure 8, we present the percentage point difference between those given the positive prime who agree with the stereotype and those given the negative prime who agree. We see that the primes have large effects on respondents’ perceptions of Latinos as honest, neighborly/welcoming, and patriotic. Negative Stereotypes We find that media-message primes have an equally large and consistent effect on beliefs in negative stereotypes. As Figure 9 shows, the negative prime effectively heightens beliefs in negative stereotypes across every media type for every stereotype. As with the positive stereotypes above, we see that television news has the strongest effect in priming attitudes about Latinos and immigrants followed by talk radio. We also notice that even non-authoritative popular entertainment has the power to color attitudes towards Latinos and immigrants. 24 Because the NHMC/Latino Decisions study used actual media clips, the positive/negative treatments for each media type are somewhat different, not a simple manipulation of language or frame across each media type. Thus, we are comparing how subjects respond to real-world media clips, not laboratory-controlled experimental manipulations. What internal validity we lose from the lack of a perfectly controlled environment we gain back through the use of real-world stimuli. © 2016, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783525300886 — ISBN E-Book: 9783666300882
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Georg Ruhrmann / Yasemin Shooman /
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Schriften des Jüdischen Museums Be
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Mit 21 Abbildungen Aus dem Deutsche
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6 Inhalt Evelyn Alsultany Arabs and
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© 2016, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Gmb
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36 Augie Fleras Fleras, Augie. Immi
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40 Anamik Saha Part 1. Approaching
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44 Anamik Saha and maligned. Book c
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Sally Lehrman Creating an Inclusive
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Yasemin Shooman Between Everyday Ra
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Page 179 and 180: 178 Georg Ruhrmann minority groups,
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Page 197 and 198: 196 Tyler Reny, Sylvia Manzano Lati
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