Economic Freedom of the World
economic-freedom-of-the-world-2016
economic-freedom-of-the-world-2016
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Pakistan<br />
Chapter 2: Country Data Tables • 141<br />
1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2013 2014<br />
Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank) Rating (Rank)<br />
Summary Ratings (Rank) 4.30 (80) 4.87 (84) 5.41 (107) 6.18 (103) 6.29 (118) 6.27 (125) 6.01 (133)<br />
Rating (Data) Rating (Data) Rating (Data) Rating (Data) Rating (Data) Rating (Data) Rating (Data)<br />
Area 1. Size <strong>of</strong> Government 5.03 5.14 7.19 8.26 8.68 8.34 7.85<br />
A. Government consumption 8.60 (10.77) 6.62 (17.49) 7.91 (13.12) 9.11 (9.04) 9.16 (8.84) 8.26 (11.90) 8.29 (11.81)<br />
B. Transfers and subsidies 9.54 (2.20) 8.94 (4.40) 9.85 (1.05) 9.92 (0.79) 9.55 (2.17) 9.11 (3.77) 9.11 (3.77)<br />
C. Government enterprises and investment 0.00 (65.30) 2.00 (49.40) 4.00 (35.29) 7.00 (24.89) 6.00 (26.20) 6.00 (25.70) 6.00 (25.08)<br />
D. Top marginal tax rate 2.00 3.00 7.00 7.00 10.00 10.00 8.00<br />
(i) Top marginal income tax rate 2.00 (55) 3.00 (50) 7.00 (35) 7.00 (35) 10.00 (20) 10.00 (20) 8.00 (30)<br />
(ii) Top marginal income and payroll tax rate 3.00 (50) 7.00 (35) 7.00 (35) 10.00 (20) 10.00 (20) 8.00 (30)<br />
Area 2. Legal System and Property Rights 2.54 2.68 4.84 4.04 4.27 4.17 3.96<br />
A. Judicial independence 3.79 4.89 4.70 4.27<br />
B. Impartial courts 4.26 3.39 3.72 3.64 3.41<br />
C. Protection <strong>of</strong> property rights 4.50 4.08 3.79 4.12<br />
D. Military interference in rule <strong>of</strong> law and politics 5.28 0.42 2.50 3.33 2.50<br />
E. Integrity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> legal system 5.00 5.00 5.83 5.83 5.00<br />
F. Legal enforcement <strong>of</strong> contracts 3.55 3.55 3.60 3.60<br />
G. Regulatory costs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sale <strong>of</strong> real property 6.95 6.52 6.56 6.59<br />
H. Reliability <strong>of</strong> police 4.13 3.60 3.07 3.07<br />
I. Business costs <strong>of</strong> crime 4.66 3.69 3.05 3.04<br />
Area 3. Sound Money 6.39 7.87 6.15 6.04 6.04 6.03 6.21<br />
A. Money growth 8.05 (9.75) 8.72 (6.40) 8.55 (7.27) 6.92 (15.40) 8.94 (5.29) 8.26 (8.72) 8.40 (8.01)<br />
B. Standard deviation <strong>of</strong> inflation 9.33 (1.67) 9.05 (2.38) 6.91 (7.73) 9.05 (2.38) 8.00 (5.01) 7.40 (6.49) 7.90 (5.26)<br />
C. Inflation: most recent year 8.19 (9.06) 8.71 (6.45) 9.13 (4.37) 8.19 (9.06) 7.22 (13.88) 8.46 (7.69) 8.56 (7.19)<br />
D. <strong>Freedom</strong> to own foreign currency bank accounts 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00<br />
Area 4. <strong>Freedom</strong> to Trade Internationally 2.20 3.07 2.85 6.11 5.85 6.38 5.81<br />
A. Tariffs 0.00 0.00 2.79 6.42 4.99 6.87 6.95<br />
(i) Revenue from trade taxes (% <strong>of</strong> trade sector) 0.00 (15.30) 0.00 (15.21) 6.18 (5.73) 6.59 (5.12) 7.75 (3.37) 7.79 (3.32) 7.93 (3.10)<br />
(ii) Mean tariff rate 0.00 (77.60) 0.00 (58.80) 6.18 (5.73) 7.08 (14.60) 7.22 (13.90) 7.30 (13.50) 7.32 (13.40)<br />
(iii) Standard deviation <strong>of</strong> tariff rates 0.00 (34.00) 1.52 (21.20) 5.60 (11.01) 0.00 (27.11) 5.52 (11.21) 5.60 (10.99)<br />
B. Regulatory trade barriers 6.35 6.09 6.47 3.81<br />
(i) Non-tariff trade barriers 5.56 4.89 5.66 5.05<br />
(ii) Compliance cost <strong>of</strong> importing and exporting 7.13 7.28 7.28 2.56<br />
C. Black-market exchange rates 4.60 7.20 5.00 8.93 10.00 10.00 10.00<br />
D. Controls <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> movement <strong>of</strong> capital and people 2.00 2.00 0.77 2.76 2.31 2.18 2.46<br />
(i) Foreign ownership/investment restrictions 6.70 5.40 5.17 6.03<br />
(ii) Capital controls 2.00 2.00 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77<br />
(iii) <strong>Freedom</strong> <strong>of</strong> foreigners to visit 0.80 0.77 0.59 0.59<br />
Area 5. Regulation 5.35 5.61 6.00 6.43 6.60 6.44 6.24<br />
A. Credit Market regulations 4.29 4.97 6.00 8.92 8.56 8.52 8.10<br />
(i) Ownership <strong>of</strong> banks 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00<br />
(ii) Private sector credit 6.87 8.90 7.99 8.75 7.68 7.56 6.31<br />
(iii) Interest rate controls (negative real interest rates) 6.00 6.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00<br />
B. Labor Market regulations 5.74 5.77 5.49 5.22<br />
(i) Hiring regulations and minimum wage 2.20 2.23 1.10 1.10<br />
(ii) Hiring and firing regulations 5.96 5.72 5.22 5.46<br />
(iii) Centralized collective bargaining 6.63 6.09 6.03 6.19<br />
(iv) Hours regulations 8.00 8.00 8.00 6.00<br />
(v) Mandated cost <strong>of</strong> worker dismissal 1.66 2.60 2.60 2.59<br />
(vi) Conscription 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00<br />
C. Business regulations 4.64 5.46 5.32 5.40<br />
(i) Administrative requirements 3.45 3.62 3.43 3.78<br />
(ii) Bureaucracy costs 1.91 5.95 5.95 5.95<br />
(iii) Starting a business 9.01 9.21 9.29 9.29<br />
(iv) Extra payments/bribes/favoritism 4.52 3.41 3.06 3.20<br />
(v) Licensing restrictions 5.25 6.82 6.84 6.83<br />
(vi) Cost <strong>of</strong> tax compliance 3.72 3.72 3.34 3.34<br />
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