Understanding Acoustic Emission Testing- Reading 1 Part B-A

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Kaiser Effect: Load levels that have been previously exerted on a material do not produce AE activity. This phenomenon, known as the Kaiser Effect Felicity Effect: The applied load is high enough to cause significant emissions even though the previous maximum load was not reached. This phenomenon is known as the Felicity Effect. Felicity Ratio: Felicity Ratio, which is the load where considerable AE resumes, divided by the previous maximum applied load (F/D). Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Kaiser/Felicity effects Felicity effect Felicity ratio = F/D Kaiser effect Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Acoustic Emission Tes
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Concrete Offshore structure Charlie
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Refinery Applications Charlie Chong
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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The Magical Book of Acoustic Emissi
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ASNT Certification Guide NDT Level
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3 Techniques • Equipment calibrat
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Fion Zhang at Shanghai 3rd Septembe
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://gr
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Video on - Leak Detection on Buried
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ASME V Article Numbers: Gen Article
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ASTM Standards E976 - 05 Standard G
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ASTM Standards E1781 - 08 Standard
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Typical AET Signal https://dspace.l
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Study Note 1: AET http://www.geocit
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Until about 1973, acoustic emission
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ww
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AE Technique The AE technique (AET)
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What is Normal (Gaussian) distribut
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Probability density function for th
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Cumulative distribution function of
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Crystal Twinning Crystal twinning o
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What is Crystal Twinning Crystal tw
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Crystal Twinning Charlie Chong/ Fio
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Crystal Twinning- Diagram of twinne
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AET Set-up Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhan
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Continuous type Charlie Chong/ Fion
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Discussion Subject: explains on the
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Kaiser Effect Plastic deformation i
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Felicity effect is an effect in aco
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Activity of AE Sources in Structura
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Felicity Effect - the applied load
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AE Parameters Various parameters us
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AET Advantages AE testing is a powe
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A Few Typical Applications • Dete
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Acoustic Emission Testing Advantage
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End of Reading 1 Charlie Chong/ Fio
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16 Acoustic Emission Methods Charli
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Foreword: Acoustic emission refers
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Acoustic emissions, which occur in
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At about the same time, but indepen
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Figure 1: A cube with sides of leng
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Green also noted the Kaiser effect,
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16.3 Theoretical Considerations Whe
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FIGURE 16.1 The two basic types of
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FIGURE 16.2 A typical acoustic emis
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FIGURE 16.3 Typical view of an acou
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1. The total number of counts (e.g.
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■ Rise time — This is the inter
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Energy analysis — This is an indi
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FIGURE 16.5 The main elements of a
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Fourier-Transform (FT) The Fourier
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Signal Evaluation: Analysis of the
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Signal Evaluation: Raise Time/ Even
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Signal Evaluation: Amplitude Distri
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Signal Evaluation: Energy analysis-
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Signal Evaluation: Raise Time/ Even
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FIGURE 16.5 The main elements of a
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A brief description of the most imp
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PZT:- If the p.d or the stress is c
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AET Transducer In 0.1KHz~2.0KHz Cha
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2. Preamplifier: Because of the low
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There are generally two (or more) c
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Spooner and Dougill confirmed that
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Spooner and Dougill conclusion on K
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16.6.3 Signal Attenuation The elast
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16.6.4 Specimen Geometry It has bee
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Page 139 and 140: 16.7.1 Fracture Mechanics Studies A
Page 141 and 142: 16.7.2 Type of Cracks A number of a
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Page 145 and 146: Sadowska-Boczar et al. tried to qua
Page 147 and 148: FIGURE 16.7 Within-batch variabilit
Page 149 and 150: 16.7.6 Fiber Reinforced Cements and
Page 151 and 152: Fiber Reinforced Cements and Concre
Page 153 and 154: Perhaps the most extensive series o
Page 155 and 156: 16.7.8 Thermal Cracking Relatively
Page 157 and 158: They found that acoustic emissions
Page 159 and 160: Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in C
Page 161 and 162: 16.8 Field Studies of Acoustic Emis
Page 163 and 164: 16.9 Conclusions From the discussio
Page 165 and 166: Concrete Structures Charlie Chong/
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Page 169 and 170: Concrete Structures- The Troll A pl
Page 171 and 172: Concrete Structures- The Troll A pl
Page 173 and 174: End of Reading 2 Charlie Chong/ Fio
Page 175 and 176: 1.0 Introduction Acoustic Emission
Page 177 and 178: Twinning Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 179 and 180: Acoustic Emission is unlike most ot
Page 181 and 182: 2.0 A Brief History of AE Testing A
Page 183 and 184: 3.0 Theory - AE Sources As mentione
Page 185 and 186: The amount of energy released by an
Page 187: Activity of AE Sources in Structura
Page 191 and 192: Dunegan corollary states that if ac
Page 193 and 194: Comments: Emissions are observed pr
Page 195 and 196: Pseudo Sources In addition to the A
Page 197 and 198: Wave Propagation A primitive wave r
Page 199 and 200: Waves radiates from the source in a
Page 201 and 202: Angular dependence of acoustic emis
Page 203 and 204: The signal that is detected by a se
Page 205 and 206: highly damped, nonmetallic material
Page 207 and 208: Attenuation: 1. Spread (30% for 2D,
Page 209 and 210: Teflon shoe http://www.ndt.net/ndta
Page 211 and 212: Lamb waves in acoustic emission tes
Page 213 and 214: 2.2.5 Rayleigh Characteristics Rayl
Page 215 and 216: Q29: The longitudinal wave incident
Page 217 and 218: The major axis of the ellipse is pe
Page 219 and 220: Surface wave Charlie Chong/ Fion Zh
Page 221 and 222: Surface wave has the ability to fol
Page 223 and 224: Surface wave - One wavelength deep
Page 225 and 226: Rayleigh Wave Charlie Chong/ Fion Z
Page 227 and 228: Love Wave Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 229 and 230: Other Reading: Rayleigh Waves Surfa
Page 231 and 232: Q110: What kind of wave mode travel
Page 233 and 234: Q192: Surface waves are reduced to
Page 235 and 236: Since the 1990s, the understanding
Page 237 and 238: Plate or Lamb waves are the most co
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Plate wave or Lamb wave are formed
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When guided in layers they are refe
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Symmetrical = extensional mode Asym
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Other Reading: Lamb Wave Lamb waves
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Fig. 4 Diagram of the basic pattern
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2.2.7 Dispersive Wave: Wave modes s
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Discussion Subject: Wave Mode and V
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Key Points: • Two classes: resona
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Q. The most common range of acousti
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Equipment- Probe Charlie Chong/ Fio
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Schematic Diagram of a Basic Four-c
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After passing the AE system mainfra
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AET Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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6.0 AE Signal Features With the equ
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Amplitude, A, is the greatest measu
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7.0 Data Display Software-based AE
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Intensity displays are used to give
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Amplitude/counts Signal Analysis Th
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Source location techniques assume t
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Because the above scenario implicit
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When additional sensors are applied
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9.0 AE Barkhausen Techniques The Ba
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Hysterisis Loop- magnetization or d
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■ Bucket Truck (Cherry Pickers) I
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■ Gas Trailer Tubes Acoustic emis
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■ Aerospace Structures Most aeros
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Others • Fiber-reinforced polymer
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Study Note 4: ASTM E1316 Term & Def
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• acoustic emission (AE)- the cla
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• acoustic emission signature (si
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• array, n- a group of two or mor
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• continuous emission- see emissi
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• dB AE - a logarithmic measure o
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AE signal amplitude measured as a r
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• distribution, differential (aco
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effective velocity, n- velocity cal
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FIG. 1 Burst Emission on a Continuo
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FIG. 3 Continuous Emission. (Sweep
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examination area- that portion of a
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Kaiser effect- the absence of detec
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Linear, Planar, 3D Linear 3D Planar
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location, continuous AE signal, n-
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Methods of Location • Hit method
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logarithmic (acoustic emission) amp
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signal overload level- that level a
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stimulation- the application of a s
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End of Reading 4 Charlie Chong/ Fio
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Q1. The most common range of acoust
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Q5. The felicity effect is useful i
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Q9. Threshold settings are determin
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Q12. What is the Felicity Effect? A
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Q15. A Hsu-Nielson Source: A. measu
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Q19. The term ""rise time"" refers
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Q23. Four types of AE Source Locati
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Study Note 6: High Strength Steel-
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The properties of different steels
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Keywords: • DP (dual phase), •
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Figure 1: Ductility-strength relati
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However, with conventional TRIP ste
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Back to Basic: Martensite Martensit
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Keywords: Hexagonal & BCC Martensit
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Figure 2: The stress-strain diagram
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Also, the TRIP steel is particularl
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Figure 3: The diagram shows the ver
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Table 1: Effect of alloying element
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■ B, Ti, Zr Adding small amounts
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Acoustic Emission Technique the opt
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ASM introduction Since 1908, ASM is
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Active approach to leak detection T
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Leak detection and location The mod
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■ Method of testing (Linear) The
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Fig 2: Cross-correlation function p
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The figure 1 shows how the position
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Area surveys using acoustic loggers
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The reading of an area meter could
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CONCLUSIONS In the last fifteen yea
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■ ωσμ∙Ωπ∆ ∇ º≠δ≤
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Peach - 我爱桃子 Charlie Cho
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Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Acoustic Emission Testing- Reading 1 Part B-A

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