All About - History - Hitler Versus Stain

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What if… Queen Elizabeth I had married? The Virgin Queen is famous for having never married or producing an heir, but what would have happened to the Tudor dynasty if she had? Written by Jack Griffiths Elizabeth’s sister and previous Tudor monarch, Mary, had been married to King Phillip II of Spain until her death in 1558. There was a possibility that Elizabeth would marry her half-sister’s widower, but neither were particularly interested in the match and Phillip would have only proposed for the good of Catholicism. Elizabeth also realised Phillip had been an unpopular Spanish king with the people of England during his marriage to Mary. Another candidate for the queen’s hand was Eric of Sweden, but her advisers believed there would be few benefits from an alliance with the House of Vasa. Elizabethalsoinsistedonnevermarryingsomeone shehadn’tseenbefore,soArchdukesCharlesand FerdinandofAustriawereoutoftheframe,aswas JohnFrederic,dukeofSaxony.Noneofthemwould riskthepublicridiculeofjourneyingtoEnglandto face being rejected. As for potential English suitors, Sir William of Pickering and the Earl of Arundel were never considered seriously, while Robert Dudley,whowasthoughttobeElizabeth’strue love, was out of contention due to the rumours that he had murdered his wife. Therefore, the best choice of husband for Elizabeth I would have been Francis, duke of Alencon. An alliance with France would have supported the English cause against the Spanish, and Alencon had met with Elizabeth on two prior occasions, even sending his servant Jean de Simier to woo the queen on his behalf in January 1579. With the union of Elizabeth and Alencon, the English and French dynasties join as one. The marriage shocks Spain, which delays its attacks on England, and no armada is ever raised. Alencon postpones campaigns in the Netherlands for the occasion and the French influence on England increases. This isn’t welcomed by everyone, and thecountrybeginstotearitselfapartsocially. Thetensionsimmersfordecades,butElizabeth gives birth to a son, Henry. Being older than her husband,shediesleavingAlencontoruleFrance and their son to rule England as king. This is not a popularmovewithvastswathesofthepopulation, asProtestantismisnowwellestablishedandthe ideaofaCatholicFrenchkingismetwithmuch disdain. Uprisings begin all over the nation and a civil war eventually breaks out in England between Catholic and Protestant factions. James VI and the Scots join with the Protestant cause while Ireland benefits from a lack of Tudor campaigns in the Emerald Isle. The bloody war means the Stuart dynasty never claims the English crown as the Catholic forces, bolstered by the French, eventually come out on top. There’s no union of the crowns, but the opportunity for Scottish armies to move south once again is possible, and they seek to install James’s son Charles as a puppet king. The conquest of the New World is now a joint Anglo- French venture as the two powers focus their efforts on nullifying the growing Spanish Empire. EXPERT: ELIZABETH NORTON ElizabethNortonisahistorian specialising inthequeensofEngland and the Tudor period. Her most recent book is The Temptation Of Elizabeth Tudor, which looked at the relationship between Thomas Seymour and the future Elizabeth I. She has a forthcoming book on The Lives Of Tudor Women, which will be published by Head of Zeus, and has also written biographies of four of Henry VIII’s wives. Elizabeth is also regularly featured on television and radio. How would it be different? Move to marriage Francis, duke of Alencon, decides the time is right to ask for Elizabeth’s hand for a second time and sends a trusty servant over on his behalf. 1578 Royal wedding A grand wedding is held. The duke postpones his campaigns to the Netherlands, and with a new Anglo-French alliance, there is no war with Spain and no armada. 1581 Royal baby Fast-forward a few years and Elizabeth gives birth to a son. The child’s dual nationality brings England and France closer together in an alliance. 1582 An uncertain royal future Alencon succeeds to the French throne. Elizabeth divides her time between France and England and the population becomes uneasy over who will be her heir. 1589 Death of Elizabeth The last Tudor queen’s death triggers a changing of the guard. Francis stays on the French throne and installs his young son as the regent of England, surrounded by advisers. 1603 84
What if QUEEN ELIZABETH I HAD MARRIED? A union between Elizabeth and Francis would have helped to heal old wounds between England and France Path to war The English public don’t take kindly to a French king and there is unrest. A religiously motivated civil war breaks out in the country. 1615 Bloodshed in the capital The Catholics have support from France while the Protestants are boosted by Scottish aid. The bloody war centres on London with fierce fighting outside Westminster Abbey. 1616 Catholics win the civil war The superior Anglo-French army manage to hold on to power after a costly conflict. England is rebuilt after civil war but dissent is still felt in some quarters. 1622 England’s new international standing A Catholic England experiences much improved relations with both France and Italy, and the alliance makes Spain its number one rival. 1623 A future of friendship The Anglo-French monarchy endures for generations with successful expeditions to the New World. There is no union of the crowns and relations with Spain remain frosty. 1624 © Jay Wong 85
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All About - History - Hitler Versus Stain

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