Tajwid - Beautifying the Quran

1. Izh\r - When the sound is not nasalized and the N[n
remains distinct (read clearly).
If after a N[n S\kin or Tanw|n any of the following six letters (i.e. the
letters of the throat) appear, Ghunnah will not be made and the N[n
will remain distinctly pronounced from its Makhraj.
e.g.
2. Ikhf\’ - When the N[n S\kin or Tanw|n remains slightly
distinct and the sound is nasalized
If after a N[n S\kin or Tanw|n any of the following 15 letters appear
then the N[n will be pronounced lightly from its Makhraj and a light
Ghunnah will be made.
e.g.
3. Idgh\m - When the N[n S\kin or Tanw|n does not remain
distinct but are assimilated into the following letter.
There are two categories within this situation:
a. When Ghunnah is made
b. When Ghunnah is not made
Idgh\m means that the N[n S\kin or Tanw|n will be incorporated into
the letter that follows it. Because of this the N[n S\kin’s sound will not
be heard. There are six letters with which this happens.
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