Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils and Sediments: A ...

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Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Florida Department of Environmental Protection Illinois Environmental Protection Agency 1996 http://www.ct.gov/dep/lib/dep/regulations/22a/22a-133k-1through3.pdf 1999 http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/AWM/sirb/DOCS/PDFS/Misc/RemStnd.pdf 1994 http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/monitoring/seds.htm 2004 http://www.epa.state.il.us/land/taco/ Not specific to dredge sediments 2 . Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies Sections 22a-133k-1 through 22a-133k-3. Risk based soil remediation guidelines which apply to the cleanup of contaminated sediments Not specific to dredge sediments. Remediation Standards Guidance under the Delaware Hazardous Substance Cleanup Act. SSLs divided into restricted use (industrial) and unrestricted use (residential) categories, and critical water resource areas and noncritical water resource areas Specific to dredge sediments. Florida Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines (SQAGs), Chapter 6. Extremely low SSLs and not really applicable to upland placement of dredge material Not specific to dredge sediments. Tiered Approach to Corrective Action (TACO) for remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. SSLs are set by risk based criteria. Section 742, Appendix A and B (Tier 1 SSLs); Section 742, Appendix C, Table A (risk based SSL equations) 74
Indiana Department of Environmental Management Maine Department of Environmental Protection Maryland Department of the Environment Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection 2001 http://www.in.gov/idem/programs/land/risc/index.html 2006 (revised) Basics on Dredge: http://www.maine.gov/dep/blwq/docstand/fsdredg.htm Regulations: http://www.maine.gov/dep/rwm/solidwaste/index.htm 2001 http://www.mde.state.md.us/assets/document/hazcleanup_Aug2001.pdf 2007 http://www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/laws/drdgmat.htm Not specific to dredge sediments. Risk Integrated System of Closure (RISC) and Solid Waste Guidelines Evaluation of Reclamation Criteria and SSLs, Appendix 1 (updated in 2006). Cost effective program to be used in conjunction with other regulations for the closing of contaminated sites, see technical guide tab from website for full document. SSLs are dependent upon pH (regular closure levels determined for pH 6-8) and based on equations from the EPA Soil Screening Guide (1996) Specific to dredge sediments, upland placement. Section under Solid Waste Management Regulations, Beneficial Uses of Solid Wastes, Chapter 418 Not specific to dredge sediments, soil cleanup standards for voluntary cleanup and superfund scenarios. Cleanup Standards for Soil and Groundwater. Appendix in document with SSLs, calculations for determining SSLs, and background levels for the state Proposal to regulate dredge material under federal clean water act instead of hazardous materials act for MA. If the material is considered hazardous, both regulations will apply. No SSLs 75
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Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soi
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Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydroc
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soil is the primary environmental r
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Solubility Solubility of PAH compou
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Figure 1. Structures of US EPA’s
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� If you were to add 2 benzene ri
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and their mutagenic and carcinogeni
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PAH in humans The carcinogenicity o
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persist in the soil (Alexander, 199
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Figure 3. Relative PAH concentratio
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the gas phase was attributed to tem
Page 23 and 24: increasing rainfall intensity or wi
Page 25 and 26: in contaminated soils than uncontam
Page 27 and 28: Ideal biodegradation of PAHs, where
Page 29 and 30: Figure 5. Aerobic degradation of PA
Page 31 and 32: Cometabolism is explained by three
Page 33 and 34: donate electrons. The redox potenti
Page 35 and 36: 1. Fenton’s reagent - formation o
Page 37 and 38: Figure 7. Schematic of integrated e
Page 39 and 40: Figure 8. Possible mechanism for di
Page 41 and 42: Freundlich adsorption equation: x/m
Page 43 and 44: Diffusion: Weber et al. (1992), Web
Page 45 and 46: Biological Techniques for Enhancing
Page 47 and 48: oot extract resulted in continuous
Page 49 and 50: Composting Composting is a form of
Page 51 and 52: The addition of inorganic nutrients
Page 53 and 54: � Yu et al. (2006) found no effec
Page 55 and 56: Carrot Daucus carota Wild and Jones
Page 57 and 58: Surfactants Mass transfer of PAH co
Page 59 and 60: � Straube et al. (2003) showed th
Page 61 and 62: encountered with biodegradation, an
Page 63 and 64: volatilization of some compounds, s
Page 65 and 66: Regulatory Framework Dredged materi
Page 67 and 68: transition phase between slurried s
Page 69 and 70: In addition to equation manipulatio
Page 71 and 72: Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA)
Page 73: EPA Region V NA http://www.epa.gov/
Page 77 and 78: New York State Department of Enviro
Page 79 and 80: Analytical Methods The following is
Page 81 and 82: Sample Cleanup After extraction, cl
Page 83 and 84: Table 13. Detection limits for cert
Page 85 and 86: Citations Accardi-Dey, A., and P.M.
Page 87 and 88: Cerniglia, C.E., and D.T. Gibson. 1
Page 89 and 90: EPA. 2008. Integrated Risk Informat
Page 91 and 92: Harmsen, J. 2007. Measuring bioavai
Page 93 and 94: Kelsey, J.W., B.D. Kottler, and M.
Page 95 and 96: Mackay, D., and D. Callcott. 1998.
Page 97 and 98: O’Mahony, M., A. Dobson, J. Barne
Page 99 and 100: Saison, C., C. Perrin-Ganier, M. Sc
Page 101 and 102: Vessigaud, S., C Perrin-Ganier, L.
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Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils and Sediments: A ...

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