Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils and Sediments: A ...

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Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Minnesota Pollution Control Agency New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) 2005 1999 Document: http://www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-wmd-swp-pt115rls.pdf Criteria: http://www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-wmd-swp-AppendixC.pdf Document: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/cleanup/pubs/srv3_99.pdf Tier 1 SRVs: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/publications/risk-tier1srv.xls Tier 2: SRVs: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/publications/risk-tier2srv.xls 1997 http://www.njstatelib.org/digit/r588/r5881997.html Not specific to dredge sediments. Solid Waste Management Act, Part 115. Regulates dredge sediment under solid waste. Act 307, Type B contains clean up criteria for soil. Background levels from natural geology taken into consideration Not specific to dredge sediments. Soil Reference Values (SRV) and Soil Leachate Values (SLV). Specific exposure standards, Tier 1: conservative screening, Tier 2: generalized site specific criteria, Tier 3: case specific evaluation for material not meeting Tier 1 or 2 standards. Excel spreadsheets available to calculate risk for site based contaminant concentrations Specific to dredge sediments. The Management and Regulation of Dredging Activities and Dredge Material in New Jersey's Tidal Waters. Addresses permitting, open water and upland placement, and beneficial use alternatives. Direct Contact Soil Cleanup Criteria for residential and nonresidential 76
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management 1994 http://www.dec.ny.gov/regulations/2612.html 2007 http://www.epa.state.oh.us/legal/pubnots/071228.pdf 2001 http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/ocrlgs/cwp/view.asp?A=1459&Q=518871&landrecwasteNav=| 2003 http://www.dem.ri.gov/pubs/regs/regs/water/dred0203.pdf Not specific to dredge sediments. Technical and Administrative Guidance Memorandum (TAGM): Determination of Soil Cleanup Objectives and Cleanup Levels (4046). Created to establish criteria to clean up superfund sites. SSLs for carcinogens based on human health levels in HEAST, human health based levels for systemic toxicants, calculated from Reference Doses (RfDs), groundwater and drinking water standards, background values of contaminants and detection limits. Goal is to remediate to background levels No clear regulations specific to dredge material. Regulated under solid waste unless contaminated. Then regulated under biosolids (OAC 3745-40) Not specific to dredge sediments. Soil screening levels for cleanup of superfund and other hazardous sites. Will use dredge sediments for abandoned mine land reclamation, but difficult to locate general dredge regulations Specific to dredge sediments. Rules and Regulations for Dredging and the Management of Dredged Material. Limited screening levels. Values for total petroleum hydrocarbons, PCBs and several metals only 77
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Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soi
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Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydroc
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soil is the primary environmental r
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Solubility Solubility of PAH compou
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Figure 1. Structures of US EPA’s
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� If you were to add 2 benzene ri
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and their mutagenic and carcinogeni
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PAH in humans The carcinogenicity o
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persist in the soil (Alexander, 199
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Figure 3. Relative PAH concentratio
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the gas phase was attributed to tem
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increasing rainfall intensity or wi
Page 25 and 26: in contaminated soils than uncontam
Page 27 and 28: Ideal biodegradation of PAHs, where
Page 29 and 30: Figure 5. Aerobic degradation of PA
Page 31 and 32: Cometabolism is explained by three
Page 33 and 34: donate electrons. The redox potenti
Page 35 and 36: 1. Fenton’s reagent - formation o
Page 37 and 38: Figure 7. Schematic of integrated e
Page 39 and 40: Figure 8. Possible mechanism for di
Page 41 and 42: Freundlich adsorption equation: x/m
Page 43 and 44: Diffusion: Weber et al. (1992), Web
Page 45 and 46: Biological Techniques for Enhancing
Page 47 and 48: oot extract resulted in continuous
Page 49 and 50: Composting Composting is a form of
Page 51 and 52: The addition of inorganic nutrients
Page 53 and 54: � Yu et al. (2006) found no effec
Page 55 and 56: Carrot Daucus carota Wild and Jones
Page 57 and 58: Surfactants Mass transfer of PAH co
Page 59 and 60: � Straube et al. (2003) showed th
Page 61 and 62: encountered with biodegradation, an
Page 63 and 64: volatilization of some compounds, s
Page 65 and 66: Regulatory Framework Dredged materi
Page 67 and 68: transition phase between slurried s
Page 69 and 70: In addition to equation manipulatio
Page 71 and 72: Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA)
Page 73 and 74: EPA Region V NA http://www.epa.gov/
Page 75: Indiana Department of Environmental
Page 79 and 80: Analytical Methods The following is
Page 81 and 82: Sample Cleanup After extraction, cl
Page 83 and 84: Table 13. Detection limits for cert
Page 85 and 86: Citations Accardi-Dey, A., and P.M.
Page 87 and 88: Cerniglia, C.E., and D.T. Gibson. 1
Page 89 and 90: EPA. 2008. Integrated Risk Informat
Page 91 and 92: Harmsen, J. 2007. Measuring bioavai
Page 93 and 94: Kelsey, J.W., B.D. Kottler, and M.
Page 95 and 96: Mackay, D., and D. Callcott. 1998.
Page 97 and 98: O’Mahony, M., A. Dobson, J. Barne
Page 99 and 100: Saison, C., C. Perrin-Ganier, M. Sc
Page 101 and 102: Vessigaud, S., C Perrin-Ganier, L.
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Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils and Sediments: A ...

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