Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)

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12.6 Open-Source DICOM 271 processors, it widened the range of its potential users. On one recent occasion, we attempted connecting Osirix to another PACS at our radiology department. Osirix worked nicely for relatively small studies (below 200 images), but couldn’t extend to larger loads. At the same time, Osirix offers excellent 3D rendering that would otherwise cost dozens of thousands of dollars. This illustrates my pros and cons listed above: the product was not ready for industrial use, but it provided excellent complementary functionality. In fact, I would like to thank the Osirix R&D group for their tremendous effort. They proved that many great things can still be developed by a few bright individuals, simply knowing what they are doing. If you are interested in further exploring DICOM development, look at Chap. 16 of this book.
Part V: adVanced toPics Wouldn’t it be excruciatingly boring to deal with some 20-year-old standard without being able to apply it to the most interesting things in today’s digital imaging? When DICOM was born, surrounded by the Stone Age computers of the 1980s, it was very much ahead of its time. Today, it is constantly at risk of falling behind. Expanding clinical networks, complex hardware, and the entire radiology workflow challenge not only the standard, but any current tools and abilities, human included. DICOM is forced to evolve daily, adjusting to this new reality. In this part of the book, we will entertain ourselves with an overview of the most highly-evolving areas of digital medicine, and the challenges they present.
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Oleg S. Pianykh Digital Imaging and
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Oleg S. Pianykh, Ph.D. Department o
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Foreword VII Foreword Digital Imagi
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X Foreword so technically challengi
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Contents XIII Contents Part I: Intr
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Contents XV 7.2.4 The Verification
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Contents XVII 12.2 Testing, Testing
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abbreviations 3D Three-Dimensional
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Part I: IntroductIon to dIcoM
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4 Chapter 1 What is DICOM? Fig. 1 M
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Chapter 2 How Does DICOM Work? “E
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Establishment-DICOM handshake, when
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12 Chapter 3 Where Do You Get DICOM
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18 Chapter 4 A Brief History of DIC
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20 ACR-NEMA vs. DICOM Chapter 4 A B
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22 ACR-NEMA 2.0 Chapter 4 A Brief H
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5.1 IT Boot Camp 25 Chapter 5 Parle
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5.2 Text vs. Binary 27 consisting o
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5.3 DICOM Grammar: Value Representa
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5.4 DICOM Data Dictionary 43 Table
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5.4 DICOM Data Dictionary 45 5.4.2
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5.5 DICOM Objects 47 mation and com
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5.5 DICOM Objects 49 Table 5 Implic
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5.5 DICOM Objects 51 Table 9 Explic
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5.5 DICOM Objects 53 5.5.2 Encoding
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5.5 DICOM Objects 55 2. Modifying a
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5.5 DICOM Objects 57 change the pri
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5.5 DICOM Objects 59 Table 11 SQ en
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5.5 DICOM Objects 61 mark the end o
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5.5 DICOM Objects 63 5.5.6 Required
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5.5 DICOM Objects 65 5.5.8 Unique I
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5.6 DICOM Information Hierarchy 67
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5.7 Modules, IODs, and Information
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86 Chapter 6 Medical Images in DICO
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88 Fig. 20 Storing pixel sample bit
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94 CAD and lossy compression Chapte
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98 6.2.4 Choosing the Right Compres
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100 Chapter 6 Medical Images in DIC
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Part III: DICOM COMMunICatIOns
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116 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic net
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118 Connecting the unconnectable Ch
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120 7.2 Services and Data Chapter 7
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122 Fig. 34 Building DICOM Message
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124 Table 21 C-Echo-Rsp: responding
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126 Table 22 C-Echo-Rq in a final D
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128 Table 23 C-Echo-Rsp in final DI
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130 7.2.3 Service-Object Pairs Chap
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132 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic The
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134 Fig. 38 Storage SOP Chapter 7 D
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136 Table 26 C-Store-Rq Message fie
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138 Fig. 39 DICOM C-Store 7.4 Query
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140 7.4.1 A Few Words on Data Match
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142 7.4.2 C-Find IOD Chapter 7 DICO
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144 Table 29 (continued) Query para
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146 Table 30 C-Find-Rq Message fiel
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148 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic 4.
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150 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic Fig
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152 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic Pro
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154 Table 35 C-Get SOP SOP Class Na
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156 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic use
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158 Table 38 C-Get-Rsp Message fiel
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160 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic Fig
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162 Table 40 Example of a C-Move IO
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164 Table 42 C-Move-Rsp Message fie
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166 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic by
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168 Chapter 7 DICOM SOPs: Basic (Fi
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8.1 Storage Commitment 171 Chapter
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8.3 Structured Reports 173 The only
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8.4 Encapsulated PDFs 175 ages, whi
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8.5 Hardcopy Printing 177 8.5 Hardc
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180 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations or
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182 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations Yo
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184 Table 44 Important Abstract Syn
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186 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations Fi
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188 Table 45 Important Transfer Syn
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190 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations MR
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192 Application Context wars Chapte
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196 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations 1.
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200 Fig. 62 A-Associate-RQ message
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202 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations If
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204 9.8.4 A-Abort Chapter 9 DICOM A
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206 Fig. 68 P-Data-TF message, with
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208 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations Do
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210 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations Tw
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212 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations DI
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214 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations in
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216 Chapter 9 DICOM Associations to
Page 226 and 227: Part IV: DICOM MeDIa anD SeCurIty
Page 228 and 229: 222 10.1 DICOM File Format Chapter
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Page 232 and 233: 226 Chapter 10 DICOM Media: Files,
Page 236 and 237: 230 Table 50 (continued) DICOMDIR e
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Page 240 and 241: 234 10.2.2 Secure DICOM File Format
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Page 262 and 263: 256 11.3.2 Encryption Chapter 11 DI
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Page 266 and 267: 260 Fig. 82 Digital signature Chapt
Page 268 and 269: 12.1 DICOM Conformance 263 Chapter
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Page 272 and 273: 12.4 DICOM from a Black Box 267 Thi
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Page 278 and 279: 13.1 Can I See the Image? 275 Chapt
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Page 296 and 297: 13.6 From PACS to PDAs? 293 images
Page 298 and 299: 13.7 Starting Your Teleradiology Pr
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Page 302 and 303: 13.8 Conclusion 299 C-Stores, and f
Page 304 and 305: 302 14.1 HL7: HIS and RIS Chapter 1
Page 306 and 307: 304 Chapter 14 Standards and System
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Page 324 and 325: 323 Fig. 93 Modular, distributed PA
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326 Chapter 16 DICOM Software Devel
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332 Chapter 17 DICOM Implementation
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334 Real case: teleradiology or bac
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336 Chapter 17 DICOM Implementation
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18.1 Frequent Problems 339 Chapter
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18.1 Frequent Problems 341 18.1.5 I
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18.2 Naive Questions Physicians Lik
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A.1 DICOM Transfer Syntaxes 351 App
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A.2 DICOM SOPs 353 A.2 DICOM SOPs T
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A.2 DICOM SOPs 355 Table 53 (contin
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A.2 DICOM SOPs 357 Table 53 (contin
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A.3 C-Find Bytes 359 Table 53 (cont
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380 References Langer S (2005) Cont
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382 DICOM email 221, 289, 290, 292
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Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)

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