Tradewinds December 2018 Web Final

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HRNeptune.com The American Revolution begins — with covert operations? I n 1775, Americans take an important step in their fight against Great Britain: The Continental Congress establishes the Committee of Correspondence. Such a dry-sounding name for what would soon follow: secret midnight meetings, covert operations, and even a fake merchant company providing cover to France and Spain! Perhaps you won’t be surprised to hear that the Committee earned a new name almost immediately: the Committee of *Secret* Correspondence. Committee member Benjamin Franklin was soon knee-deep in intrigue. A French secret agent set up a meeting with him through an intermediary. Julien-Alexandre Achard de Bonvouloir was supposed to collect information about Americans and their fledgling revolution. Franklin and a few others met with Bonvouloir in the days before Christmas 1775. by Tara Ross Was Bonvouloir working for the British Secret Service? Franklin was suspicious. Over the course of several meetings, however, he became convinced that Bonvouloir was actually working for the French government—although the Frenchman steadfastly refused to admit it. Franklin began speaking more freely, and the meetings laid the groundwork for France’s eventual agreement to aid the Americans. “Everyone here is a soldier,” Bonvouloir reported to the French Foreign Minister on December 28, “the troops are well clothed, well paid and well armed. They have more than 50,000 regular soldiers and an even larger number of volunteers who do not wish to be paid. Judge how men of this caliber will fight. They are more powerful than we could have thought . . . . Nothing shocks or frightens them, you can count on that.” Hmm. 50,000 regular troops, well clothed and well paid?! It was a rather rosy report, to say the least. Some historians have speculated that Benjamin Franklin purposefully exaggerated the size of the army when he spoke with Bonvouloir. Others wonder if Bonvouloir was misled by some of the overly optimistic news reports then circulating in Philadelphia. Either way, the Frenchman filed an erroneous report—and the French minister believed it. What a blessing! That report would contribute to King Louis XVI’s decision to help the American effort. He surreptitiously provided one million livres, funding a front company known as Hortalez & Cie. Spain also provided funding. Hortalez & Cie would provide weapons and other supplies to the Americans, even as France and Spain pretended to be neutral. Secret committees? Midnight meetings? Front companies posing as international merchants, thus enabling Kings to pretend neutrality in the midst of intrigue and conspiracy? Just another side to our American Revolution that your history textbooks forgot to teach you. Tara Ross is a mother, wife, writer, and retired lawyer. She is the author of The Indispensable Electoral College: How the Founders’ Plan Saves Our Country from Mob Rule,Enlightened Democracy: The Case for the Electoral College, co-author of Under God: George Washington and the Question of Church and State (with Joseph C. Smith, Jr.), & We Elect A President: The Story of our Electoral College. She is a constitutionalist, but with a definite libertarian streak! Stay tuned here for updates on pretty much anything to do with the Electoral College, George Washington, & our wonderfully rich American heritage. 757-482-6622 1325 Battlefield Blvd S Chesapeake, Va. 23322 To order Tara’s books, go to this link: http://www.taraross.com/books/ Open EVERY DAY 6:30 AM TO 9 PM (closed Christmas Day) Hickory smoked BBQ cooked in house with our own smokers Available in our Café or Take-out NC VA 252-435-2665 757-421-2373 Every day special! BBQ sandwich and 16 oz drink $2.75! 28 Albemarle Tradewinds December 2018 albemarletradewinds.com
HRNeptune.com Harvard Study Shows the Dangers of Early School Enrollment by: fee.org Every parent knows the difference a year makes in the development and maturity of a young child. A one-yearold is barely walking while a two-year-old gleefully sprints away from you. A four-year-old is always moving, always imagining, always asking why, while a five-year-old may start to sit and listen for longer stretches. Growing Expectations vs. Human Behavior Children haven’t changed, but our expectations of their behavior have. In just one generation, children are going to school at younger and younger ages, and are spending more time in school than ever before. They are increasingly required to learn academic content at an early age that may be well above their developmental capability. In 1998, 31 percent of teachers expected children to learn to read in kindergarten. In 2010, 80 percent of teachers expected this. Now, children are expected to read in kindergarten and to become proficient readers soon after, despite research showing that pushing early literacy can do more harm than good. In their report Reading in Kindergarten: Little to Gain and Much to Lose education professor Nancy Carlsson-Paige and her colleagues warn about the hazards of early reading instruction. They write, When children have educational experiences that are not geared to their developmental level or in tune with their learning needs and cultures, it can cause them great harm, including feelings of inadequacy, anxiety and confusion. Hate The Player, Love the Game Instead of recognizing that schooling is the problem, we blame the kids. Today, children who are not reading by a contrived endpoint are regularly labeled with a reading delay and prescribed various interventions to help them catch up to the pack. In school, all must be the same. If they are not listening to the teacher, and are spending too much time daydreaming or squirming in their seats, young children often earn an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) label and, with striking frequency, are administered potent psychotropic medications. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that approximately 11 percent of children ages four to seventeen have been diagnosed with ADHD, and that number increased 42 percent from 2003-2004 to 2011-2012, with a majority of those diagnosed placed on medication. Perhaps more troubling, one-third of these diagnoses occur in children under age six. Children who start school as the youngest in their grade have a greater likelihood of getting an ADHD diagnosis than older children in their grade. It should be no surprise that as we place young children in artificial learning environments, separated from their family for long lengths of time, and expect them to comply with a standardized, test-driven curriculum, it will be too much for many of them. New findings by Harvard Medical School researchers confirm that it’s not the children who are failing, it’s the schools we place them in too early. These researchers discovered that children who start school as among the youngest in their grade have a much greater likelihood of getting an ADHD diagnosis than older children in their grade. In fact, for the U.S. states studied with a September 1st enrollment cut-off date, children born in August were 30 percent more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than their older peers. The study’s lead researcher at Harvard, Timothy Layton, concludes: “Our findings suggest the possibility that large numbers of kids are being overdiagnosed and overtreated for ADHD because they happen to be relatively immature compared to their older classmates in the early years of elementary school.” This Should Come as No Surprise Parents don’t need Harvard researchers to tell them that a child who just turned five is quite different developmentally from a child who is about to turn six. Instead, parents need to be empowered to challenge government schooling motives and mandates, and to opt-out. As universal government preschool programs gain traction, delaying schooling or opting out entirely can be increasingly difficult for parents. Iowa, for example, recently lowered its compulsory schooling age to four-year-olds enrolled in a government preschool program. As New York City expands its universal pre-K program to all of the city’s three-year-olds, will compulsory schooling laws for preschoolers follow? On Monday, the New York City Department of Education issued a white paper detailing a “birth-to-five system of early care and education,” granting more power to government officials to direct early childhood learning and development. As schooling becomes more rigid and consumes more of childhood, it is causing increasing harm to children. Many of them are unable to meet unrealistic academic and behavioral expectations at such a young age, and they are being labeled with and medicated for delays and disorders that often only exist within a schooled context. Parents should push back against this alarming trend by holding onto their kids longer or opting out of forced schooling altogether. 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Tradewinds December 2018 Web Final

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