Welsh Achievements - in science, technology and engineering (PDF

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76 1850 First electrically powered boat, using Grove cells for power, is operated by John Dillwyn Llewelyn, a pioneer photographer who took one of the earliest photographs of the moon from his observatory, on Penllergaer lake. 1850 George Parry improves blast furnace charging with his bell and hopper arrangement. 1842 newport Town Dock opens with a 61 ft wide lock entrance, then the largest in the world. 1839 The Bute dock at Cardiff is opened as the largest masonry dock in the world. 1838 Muntz Metal is produced under licence at Upper Bank Copper Works, Swansea and used for sheathing ship’s hulls. 1826 Telford’s Menai Suspension bridge opened, the world’s first large iron suspension bridge. 1822 Dowlais ironworks overtakes Cyfarthfa ironworks as the largest in the world. 1821 Swansea is the first town in Wales to have gas lighting of its streets. 1820 The first iron suspension bridge with a level road deck, is opened across the river Tweed and still links England to Scotland, using Welsh iron, to this day (made by Brown Lenox of Pontypridd). 1807 oystermouth railway, Swansea, becomes the world’s first fare paying railway.
1806 Cyfarthfa ironworks is the largest in the world until overtaken by Dowlais in 1822. 1805 opening of Pontcysyllte aqueduct, Thomas Telford’s 1007ft (307 m) long multi-arch iron and masonry structure carrying the canal in a cast-iron trough 126 ft (38 m) high over the river Dee. Then the highest aqueduct in the world and remains Britain’s highest aqueduct. 1804 Steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick makes the first steam railway journey in the world from Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon. 1793 World’s first iron railway bridges, at Pontycafnau and Cyfarthfa. 1774 John Wilkinson invents high-accuracy boring of cylinders at Bersham, used firstly for the production of cannons and later for steam engine cylinders. 1755 Pontypridd bridge completed by local mason William Edwards across the river Taff. At 140 ft (42 metres) it is the longest stone span in Western Europe. 1762 World’s earliest recorded railway tunnel, Landore. 1697 The first sheet iron rolling mill in the world opened in Pontypool. 1672 Completion of Tredegar House, newport, one of the finest 17th century houses in Britain. 16th century Tidal mill built at Carew adjoining the 13th century castle for grinding corn. 77 15
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WELSH ACHIEVEMEnTS [ In SCIEnCE, TE
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ConTEnTS 02 Foreword 04 Bioscience
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Most innovations bring about increm
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Morvus Technology established their
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Hair samples are being used to iden
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Antidotes for snake and scorpion bi
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• Life science is seen as a ferti
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Superimpose centuries of human acti
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The earliest example of a cable-sta
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The Wales Millennium Centre in Card
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Since the early days of the primary
Page 23 and 24:
The development of the Internet fol
Page 25 and 26:
The first over-water transmission o
Page 27 and 28: • The International Film School W
Page 29 and 30: the management of Siriol Production
Page 31 and 32: The stained-glass expertise practis
Page 33 and 34: In terms of natural and renewable f
Page 35 and 36: Lord Walter Marshall of Rhymney was
Page 37 and 38: • The Institutes of Rural Science
Page 39 and 40: With the basic production of metals
Page 41 and 42: A wholly novel system for fastening
Page 43 and 44: With its long history of mining for
Page 45 and 46: Major aircraft manufacturers and ai
Page 48 and 49: 46 MATERIALS Fully customer-qualifi
Page 50 and 51: For a small country, Wales has been
Page 52 and 53: The identification of crystal faces
Page 54 and 55: 52 TRAnSPoRT Some of Europe’s mos
Page 56 and 57: Aerospace has been a feature on the
Page 58 and 59: 56 The world’s first scheduled ho
Page 60 and 61: 58 The world land speed record of 1
Page 62 and 63: 60 PEoPLE Charles Rolls Motorist an
Page 64 and 65: 1965 - Professor Tavi Murray. b. Mu
Page 66 and 67: 1910 - 1992 Professor Alan Wood. Ch
Page 68 and 69: 1834 - 1913 Sir William Henry Preec
Page 70 and 71: 68 MILESTonES 2005 Completion of ne
Page 72 and 73: 2009 Believed to be the first state
Page 74 and 75: 72 1973 Britain’s highest dam com
Page 76 and 77: 74 1911 The first airborne radio te
Page 80 and 81: ConCLUSIon How often have we been t
Page 83: IMAGE SUPPLIED BY SWAnSEA UnIVERSIT
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