Universal Joints and Driveshafts H.Chr.Seherr-Thoss · F ... - Index of

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XII Contents 4.6.4 Forging in manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 4.6.5 Manufacturing of joint parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 4.7 Basic Procedure for the Applications Engineering of Driveshafts . 243 4.8 Literature to Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Chapter 5 Joint and Driveshaft Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 5.1 Hooke’s Jointed Driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 5.1.1 End Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 5.1.2 Cross Trunnions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 5.1.3 Plunging Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 5.1.4 Friction in the driveline – longitudinal plunges . . . . . . . . . . . 258 5.1.5 The propshaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 5.1.6 Driveshaft tubes made out of composite Fibre materials . . . . . . 263 5.1.7 Designs of Driveshaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 5.1.7.1 Driveshafts for Machinery and Motor Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . 267 5.1.8 Driveshafts for Steer Drive Axles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 5.2 The Cardan Compact 2000 series of 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 5.2.1 Multi-part shafts and intermediate bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 5.2.2 American Style Driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 5.2.3 Driveshafts for Industrial use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 5.2.4 Automotive Steering Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 5.2.5 Driveshafts to DIN 808 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 5.2.6 Grooved Spherical Ball Jointed Driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 5.3 Driveshafts for Agricultural Machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 5.3.1 Types of Driveshaft Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 5.3.2 Requirements to meet by Power Take Off Shafts . . . . . . . . . . 298 5.3.3 Application of the Driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 5.4 Calculation Example for an Agricultural Driveshaft . . . . . . . . 307 5.5 Ball Jointed Driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 5.5.1 Boots for joint protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 5.5.2 Ways of connecting constant velocity joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 5.5.3 Constant velocity drive shafts in front and rear wheel drive passenger cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 5.5.4 Calculation Example of a Driveshaft with Ball Joints . . . . . . . . 316 5.5.5 Tripode Jointed Driveshaft Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 5.5.6 Calculation for the Tripode Jointed Driveshaft of a Passenger Car 322 5.6 Driveshafts in railway carriages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 5.6.1 Constant velocity joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 5.7 Ball jointed driveshafts in industrial use and special vehicles . . . 327 5.8 Hooke’s jointes high speed driveshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 5.9 Design and Configuration Guidelines to Optimise the Drivetrain . 332 5.9.1 Exemple of a Calculation for the Driveshafts of a Four Wheel Drive Passenger Car (Section 5.5.4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 5.10 Literature to Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
1.2 Theorie der Übertragung von Drehbewegungen durch Kreuzgelenkwellen XIII Index of Tables Independent Tables Table 1.1 Bipode joints 1902–52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Table 1.2 Tripode joints 1935–60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Table 1.3 Quattropode-joints 1913–94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Table 1.4 Raised demands to the ball joints by the customers . . . . . . . 39 Table 3.1 Complete elliptical integrals by A.M. Legendre 1786 . . . . . . . 96 Table 3.2 Elliptical coefficients according to Hertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Table 3.3 Hertzian Elliptical coefficients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Table 4.1 Geometry coefficient f 1 according to INA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Table 4.2 Shock or operating factor f ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Table 4.3 Values for the exponents n 1 and n 2 after GWB . . . . . . . . . . 138 Table 4.4 Maximum Speeds and maximum permissible values of nb arising from the moment of inertia of the connecting parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Table 4.5 Radial bearing connection forces of Constant Velocity Joints (CVJ) with shafts in one plane, from Werner KRUDE . . . 157 Table 4.6 Most favourable track patterns for the two groups of joints . . . 174 Table 4.7 Ball joint family tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Table 4.8 Steering the balls in ball joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Table 4.9 Effect of the ball size on load capacity and service life . . . . . . 185 Table 4.10 Rated torque M N of AC joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Table 4.11 Dynamic torque capacity M d of AC joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Table 4.12 Data for UF-constant velocity joints made by GKN Löbro . . . . 194 Table 4.13 VL plunging joint applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Table 4.14 Percentage of time in each gear on various types of roads . . . 208 Table 4.15 Percentage of time a x for passenger cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Table 4.16 Surface stresses in pode joints with roller bearings . . . . . . . 212 Table 4.17 Surface stresses in pode joints with plain bearings . . . . . . . . 212 Table 4.18 Materials and heat treatments of inner and outer races for UF-constant velocity joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Table 4.19 Values for the tri-axial stress state and the required hardness of a ball in the track of the UF-joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Table 4.20 Hardness conditions for the joint parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 Table 4.21 Static and dynamic torque capacities for UF constant velocity joints with outer race surface hardness depth (Rht) of 1.1 and 2.4 mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Page 1 and 2: Universal Joints and Driveshafts H.
Page 3 and 4: Authors: Hans Christoph Seherr-Thos
Page 5 and 6: Preface to the second German editio
Page 7 and 8: Contents Index of Tables . . . . .
Page 9: Contents XI 4.3.3 Forces on the Sup
Page 13 and 14: Index of Tables XV Figure 5.29 Hook
Page 15 and 16: XVIII Notation Symbol Unit Meaning
Page 17 and 18: 1.2 Theorie der Übertragung von Dr
Page 19 and 20: 1 Universal Jointed Driveshafts for
Page 21 and 22: 1.1 Early Reports on the First Join
Page 23 and 24: 1.2 Theory of the Transmission of R
Page 35 and 36: 1.3 The Ball Joints 17 1.3 The Ball
Page 37 and 38: 1.3 The Ball Joints 19 1.3.1 Weiss
Page 39 and 40: 1.3 The Ball Joints 21 Principal di
Page 41 and 42: 1.3 The Ball Joints 23 Fig. 1.24. F
Page 43 and 44: 1.3 The Ball Joints 25 angle r (Fig
Page 45 and 46: 1.3 The Ball Joints 27 Fig. 1.30. T
Page 47 and 48: 1.3 The Ball Joints 29 motor vehicl
Page 49 and 50: 1.3 The Ball Joints 31 Fig. 1.38. F
Page 51 and 52: 1.4 Development of the Pode-Joints
Page 59 and 60: 1.5 First Applications of the Scien
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1.5 First Applications of the Scien
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1.6 Literature to Chaper 1 51 1.27
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54 2 Theory of Constant Velocity Jo
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3 Hertzian Theory and the Limits of
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3.2 Equations of Body Surfaces 83 S
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3.3 Calculating the Coefficient cos
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3.3 Calculating the Coefficient cos
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3.4 Calculating the Deformation d a
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3.5 Solution of the Elliptical Sing
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3.6 Calculating the Elliptical Inte
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3.7 Semiaxes of the Elliptical Cont
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3.9 Width of the Rectangular Contac
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3.9 Width of the Rectangular Contac
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3.10 Deformation and Surface Stress
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3.12 Literature to Chapter 3 107 Me
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4 Designing Joints and Driveshafts
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4.1 Design Principles 111 and P per
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4.1 Design Principles 113 Individua
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4.1 Design Principles 115 a c Fig.
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4.2 Hooke’s Joints and Hooke’s
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4.3 Forces on the Support Bearings
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4.3 Forces on the Support Bearings
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4.4 Ball Joints 153 a b c Fig. 4.25
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4.4 Ball Joints 155 8 The curvature
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4.4 Ball Joints 157 Table 4.5. Radi
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4.4 Ball Joints 159 a ball-joint b
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4.4 Ball Joints 161 δ d R’ + - 2
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4.4 Ball Joints 163 a b Fig. 4.33.
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4.4 Ball Joints 165 2. E. Aucktor (
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4.4 Ball Joints 167 Joint centre ef
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4.4 Ball Joints 169 Figure 4.37 sho
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4.4 Ball Joints 171 a a e centring
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4.4 Ball Joints 173 The centrally s
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4.4 Ball Joints 175 a b Fig. 4.44a,
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4.4 Ball Joints 177 4.4.5.3 Steerin
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4.4 Ball Joints 179 For outward pre
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4.4 Ball Joints 181 Fig. 4.48. The
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4.4 Ball Joints 183 spherical surfa
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4.4 Ball Joints 185 p 0 5000 4500 4
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4.4 Ball Joints 187 4.4.6 Structura
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4.4 Ball Joints 189 Joint A E S G B
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4.4 Ball Joints 191 Table 4.10. Rat
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4.4 Ball Joints 193 - for speeds >
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4.4 Ball Joints 195 ∆A ∆S Nm ma
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4.4 Ball Joints 197 4.4.6.5 Calcula
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4.4 Ball Joints 199 Pressure ellips
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4.4 Ball Joints 201 In Table 3.3 mn
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4.4 Ball Joints 203 a b c Principal
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4.4 Ball Joints 205 articulation an
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4.4 Ball Joints 207 4.4.8 Service L
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4.5 Pode Joints 209 According to th
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4.5 Pode Joints 211 a b Fig. 4.74.
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4.5 Pode Joints 213 Robert Schwenke
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4.5 Pode Joints 215 4.5.2.1 Static
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4.5 Pode Joints 217 Size of joint G
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4.5 Pode Joints 219 The specific lo
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4.5 Pode Joints 221 Fig. 4.80. Trip
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4.5 Pode Joints 223 It also follows
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4.5 Pode Joints 225 In order to cal
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4.5 Pode Joints 227 1 1 1 1 2a R
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4.5 Pode Joints 229 Fig. 4.86. Redu
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4.6 Materials, Heat Treatment and M
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4.5 Pode Joints 241 treatment. The
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4.7 Basic Procedure for the Applica
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4.7 Basic Procedure for the Applica
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4.8 Literature to Chapter 4 247 4.2
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250 5 Joint and Driveshaft Configur
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c 292 5 Joint and Driveshaft Config
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c 298 5 Joint and Driveshaft Config
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346 Name Index Galilei, Galileo (15
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348 Name Index Weber, Constantin He
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350 Subject Index fixed joint - Loe
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