Security analysis of Dutch smart metering systems - Multiple Choices

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CONTENTS CONTENTS 4.3.2 Attack feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.3.3 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.4 Port P3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.4.1 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.4.2 Practical research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.4.3 Attack feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.4.4 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.5 Port P4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.5.1 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.5.2 Practical research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.5.3 Attack feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.5.4 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.6 Port P5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.6.1 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.6.2 Practical research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.6.3 Attack feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 4.6.4 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 5 Recommendations 45 5.1 Future research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6 Conclusion 47 A Landis+Gyr meter data readout 52 A.1 Metering data readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 A.2 Date readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 B DLMS 54 C Oxxio website 56 6
1 Smart metering introduction 1.1 Goals & politics 1 SMART METERING INTRODUCTION The Ministry of Economic Affairs initially proposed the smart meter to the Dutch parliament in February of 2006 [48]. The main focus of this proposal was to stimulate the liberalization of the Dutch energy market with the following goals: • A consumer market which ensures the freedom of choice for the consumer. • Give an impulse for energy-saving. • Easy access to metering data services. The smart meter offers advantages for both the consumer and the energy supplier. Consumers will receive better service and gain insight in their energy usage. Suppliers can introduce new services enabled by the smart meter like providing customers with advice about their usage and energy savings. Grid companies can get a better view in the actual consumer energy usage to improve demand and supply in the energy grid. The bill of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will result in a change of the Dutch law concerning energy metering. A reference to the Dutch technical agreement concerning the minimal technical requirements of smart metering (NTA-8130 [51]) will be included as part of this regulation. This offers flexibility to change the regulation without having to change the law. The governement determined the following goals for smart meters [47, 59]: • Remote readout of consumed and provided energy (metering) – Improve the operational management of the suppliers (switching, moving, billing) – Improve the insight of the consumer in his actual energy usage and cost • Remote capacity management (switching) – Facilitate operational task of grid managers – Disabling of energy supply during emergencies – Enabling and disabling of energy supply in case consumers move house (temporary vacancy) – Limit supply or disconnection in case of arrears • Remote measurement and signaling of energy consumption (signaling) – Improving operation management for grid managers – Detection of energy leaks or fraud – Detection of supply fluctuations, discontinuances and link impact • Online interaction between consumers and suppliers (communication) – Online offerings of innovative products and services (energy-saving recommendations, special for certain hours) – Consumer can react real time on market, product and price development of suppliers – Support for payment methods like prepaid. • Quick response of energy producers to influence demand 7
Page 1 and 2: Security analysis of Dutch smart me
Page 3 and 4: Introduction A smart meter refers t
Page 5: CONTENTS CONTENTS Contents 1 Smart
Page 9 and 10: 1.2 Energy market 1 SMART METERING
Page 11 and 12: 1.3 Dutch standard for smart meteri
Page 13 and 14: 3 Theoretical analysis 3.1 CIA 3 TH
Page 15 and 16: 3.2 NTA 3 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS 3.2.
Page 17 and 18: 3.2 NTA 3 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS •
Page 19 and 20: 4 Practical analysis 4 PRACTICAL AN
Page 21 and 22: 4.1 Port P0 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS
Page 23 and 24: 4.1 Port P0 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS (a
Page 25 and 26: 4.2 Port P1 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS 4.
Page 27 and 28: 4.3 Port P2 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS (a
Page 29 and 30: 4.4 Port P3 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS op
Page 31 and 32: 4.4 Port P3 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS A
Page 33 and 34: 4.4 Port P3 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS sa
Page 35 and 36: CX 1000-5 PLC meters use the PLAN a
Page 37 and 38: 4.4 Port P3 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS hi
Page 39 and 40: 4.4 Port P3 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS DL
Page 41 and 42: 4.5 Port P4 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS IP
Page 43 and 44: 4.6 Port P5 4 PRACTICAL ANALYSIS
Page 45 and 46: 5 Recommendations 5 RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 47 and 48: 6 Conclusion 6 CONCLUSION During th
Page 49 and 50: REFERENCES REFERENCES [18] Eneco. M
Page 51 and 52: REFERENCES REFERENCES [57] L. Peson
Page 53 and 54: A.2 Date readout A LANDIS+GYR METER
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Communication profiles The thre

Security analysis of Dutch smart metering systems - Multiple Choices

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