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1


Guri Otobaia<br />

ENGIDUNIA<br />

II<br />

© GURI OTOBAIA, I EDITION7 7 06. 09. 2010.<br />

IBSN 978-9941-0-1638-7<br />

2


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10


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11


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12


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13


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14


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15


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16


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17


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18


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19


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20


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21


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22


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23


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24


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25


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26


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27


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28


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29


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30


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31


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32


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33


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34


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35


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36


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37


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38


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39


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40


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41


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42


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47


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48


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49


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50


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51


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52


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53


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54


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55


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56


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57


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58


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59


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64


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65


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66


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71


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72


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73


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75


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76


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98


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100


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101


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103


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104


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105


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106


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107


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108


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109


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110


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111


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112


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113


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114


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115


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116


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cfbytnthcjf6 •mjybf se fhf styubpc it[dtlhf /bensfy lf rfpfv,fcsfy9 tutyb [jv fa[fpsf<br />

gbhdtkb hegjht,b fhbfy9=<br />

_ ofhvjblubyt6 uehb6 hjv gjpbwbt,b itbwdfktc bvfsfw7 fa[fpt,bc cb’t •benb ifhify<br />

cj[evib b.j xfvjcekb6 rfpfy,f rb cfmfhsdtkjib uf[klfs fvfcobyfs7 vfs afmnj,hbdfl pehub<br />

itfmwbtc fh’by,fc cbc[kbfy ht;bvc6 dbyfblfy lfvjerblt,tkb cf[tkvobajc bkepbt,b ufmhf6<br />

cfmfhsdtkj rb sfylfsfy at[c brblt,c cfthsfijhbcj fhtyfpt7 fvfc ufhrdtekobkfl !!<br />

ctmntv,hbc nthfmnvfw iteo.j [tkb7<br />

uf[cjdc6 ute,yt,jlb6 hfqfw eylf itbwdfkjc cfthsfijhbcj vfcinf,bs6 hfsf fa[fptsib<br />

mfhsdtkt,bc lf,heyt,fc htfkehb ybflfub ittmvyfc-vtsmb7<br />

tlefhlvf lffcohj vjdktyt,c6 eahj pecnfl rb [tkfl feqj fkqj lf vbcb dbpbnb<br />

dfibyjnjyib6 fvbcb yfstkb lfcnehbf7 lfhoveyt,ekb dfh fvbthblfy f[fkb tnfgb bo.t,f<br />

fa[fpeh-mfhsek ehsbthsj,fib7 ufvjhbw[ekb fh fhbc hjv fv ghjwtcvf6 hectsbc ptufdktyf<br />

yfobkj,hbd itbyfhxeyjc rfdrfcbfib6 jqjyl infnt,bc ljvbyfynj,bc gbhj,t,ib7<br />

vfhsklt,f ityb ghjuyjpb cfvodthf ythdbc stjhbfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs6 fye cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

nthbnjhbbc ufvjw[flt,f hecek-fvthbrekb ,bpytcbc gfhbntnekb cfmvbfyj,bcfsdbc7<br />

_ ,fnjyj6 hfvby6 bv it[dtlhbcfc fvbcsfyf rbs[df lfdecdb ,fnjy sfvfpc5<br />

hfc bn.dbs-vtsmb ubf fhctybidbkbc [tkbcvjothfpt9 bv ljrevtynbc vb[tldbs [jv jvbc<br />

ghjgfufylf rfyjybs bc]t,f-vtsmb7<br />

ufbwbyf6 [tkt,b afhsjl ufifkf lf fb6 hf vbs[hf5<br />

fhfyfbhb ufvfhskt,f fmdc fcts ljrevtyncj7 flhtw b.j vcufdcb [tkvjotht,b6 hjvtkbw<br />

vtht ,evthfyubdbs lfudb,heylf erfyj7 ths-thsb ljrevtynbs fa[fptsib lf,heyt,f trh-<br />

’fkt,f vjmfkfmtt,c6 hjvtksfw bfhfqb •mjylf [tkib fqt,ekbj7 tc [jv ovbylf o.kbc cbcektkfj7<br />

ufvjlbc hjv fa[fptsib eylf lf,heylyty vibiht,b6 kfxht,b lf vjqfkfntt,b6<br />

121


dbyw jvbc ,fnfkbt,c uftmwf6 bubdt jhuekt,b6 ltpthnbht,bj7 fhctybidbkb ufyfskt,ekb6<br />

thelbht,ekb gbhjdyt,ff6 vfuhfv vfbyw abpbrjcbf6 mdt.ybc gjkbnbrfc rb ztivfhbnb lbgkjvfnt,b<br />

eylf mvyblytyj7<br />

vfy vjfothf [tkb ljrevtync6 xtvb6 smdtyb6 ce.dtkfc lfzthfpt6 hflufyfw bm ifdbs stshpt<br />

othbf6 hjv serb dbyvt ittwlt,f ghjgfufylf ufeobjc ’fkbcvbthb vtsjlt,bc ufvj.tyt,fc<br />

fa[fptsib6 bvbc obyffqvltu eylf fqb’hfc cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvtj7 vfiby fqd’hfs cbc[kbc<br />

cfvfhskbc cfmvt ,ei pt6 hjvtkbw wfkcf[fl fw[flt,c6 hjv bc ’fkfc b.tyt,c fdqfytk nthjhbcnt,pt7<br />

ofhvjublutybf6 vezf nthjhbcnt,c sdbsvahbyfdt,bs t,h’dbc7<br />

fqd’hfs cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvt genbypt6 hjvtkbw ’fkfc b.tyt,c xtxytsbc obyffqvltu7<br />

rb6 ,fnjyj6 xtvptw6 hflufyfw ctgfhfnbcnekb ht;bvbc lfv[j,fc vjdbs[jd ufthjc vtidblt<br />

ve[kbc fvjmvtlt,bs6 fye ’fkbc ltvjycnhbht,bs lf fhf _ fa[fpb vjcf[ktj,bc utyjwblbsj7<br />

gfhkfvtync ite’kbf vbbqjc uflfo.dtnbkt,f5 ljrevtynt,b6 hjvkt,bw fmfvlt w[dbhib<br />

udbhn.fvty fa[fpt,bc uekbc ufcf[fhfl6 ’fkfc rfhufdty7 erhfbybc itvj.dfyf udbylf6 vfuhfv<br />

fa[fpt,b b’f[bfy5 fhfj6 dbyfblfy xdtyb [tkvjotht,bs jhbdt v[fhtv eylf vbcwtc sfy[vj,fj7<br />

fctf cfmvbc dbsfht,f7 fvbnjvfw cfzbhjf vcufdcb ljrevtynt,bc ltpfebht,fj7 lf vfbyw vbe-<br />

[tlfdfl .dtkfahbcf6 yflfhtbidbkvf vjhfnjhbevb ufvjfw[flf777<br />

_ tctw gjkbnbreh yf,b]fl vbvfxybf6 ‘vbcidbkj7 fmts fckfy f,fib’t xfthsj cfvidblj,j<br />

vjkfgfhfrt,t,ib6 sevwf6 hjujhw cfmvbc dbsfht,blfy bhrdtdf6 tc bybwbfnbdf hfvltybvt [ybs<br />

flht ifibfidbkc ofvjeo.bf7 ifibfidbkc cfthsjl ,tlb fh co.fkj,c7 fckfyb eahj gfnbdibf<br />

hfnjvqfw7 bmbs hectsvf ,jv,t,b xfvj.fhf rjljhbc [tj,fib5 nthjhbcnt,c fafht,s [tkcj6<br />

eahj cojhfl nthjhbcnt,sfy itrhek[fhs lf vfsb vtidtj,bs fgbht,s vfvf f,hffvbc ,fnrfyb<br />

fh’by,fc [fk[bc uf;e;dfcj7 lffwfkf c[dt,c7 fb6 ufbdkbc yf[tdfhb otkboflb lf lfbyf[fd6 serb<br />

fvthbrf-hectsbc ljytpt6 fh vj[lf hfbvt ghbywbgekb itsfy[vt,f rfdrfcbbc cfrbs[sfy lfrfdibht,bs<br />

cbnefwbf rdkfdfw bubdt lfhxt,f7 pehf, cfveibfc hjlbc it[dlb9 cfbynthtcjf6 hf ubs-<br />

[hf6 hf utkfgfhfrf9<br />

_ hfvltybvt sdbc oby b.j6 fv ,frmfyfkbbc fujht,fvlt7 vjv[b,kf sfdbcb thelbwbbs7 ufdibahfd<br />

yfcfe,ht,c lf fv lqtt,ib lfd,tzlfd7 dbybwj,ff6 dth vjvb[th[ltc tu6 2stwbc3 cfntktajyj<br />

mctkc hf ufvjktdc9=<br />

_ •f-•f-•f= _ ijhblfy d[tlfd hjujh sf[sf[t,c vstkb c[tekbs7 fct tvfhst,f eiehdtkb<br />

cbwbkbc lhjc xtvc gbhesdytk vcf]ekc7 bvltyfl uflfvlt,bf tc hj[hj[b6 abkndt,blfy<br />

vzf[tl fvjqotekb ufywlbc tc ,f,fyb6 eyt,kbts ]buht,ib fsfcb [dbsj xfubcf[klt,f6 bqkbt,ib<br />

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_ •f-•f-•f= fh thxbdyfs lftnjdt,byts cfvcf[ehpt9 ordthtvif ubsfkefys smdf st 2bnthfc37*<br />

bnbhjc vtht hfvltybw eylf= ity vfbyw hfc uthxjlyty6 itvjmvtl rfwc9 dbyvtc fv’bvt,lf<br />

cfvb vwbhtokjdfyb idbkbc vfvbc kervf9 ufajhvt,ekb •.fdlbs se vfhskfw veijf,lb9<br />

_ vtcfvt rkfcbc vtseyemt vthmdf6 bkfhbjyjdbx7 cf[ehfdt,pt lfd’dht,jlb sbsmjc lf dfhcrdkfdt,c<br />

drhtalb 2f[fkb mfhsdtkt,bc3 crbdht,bcfsdbc7 vjudwtc rjvgtycfwbf lf ufvjudfgfyqehtc7<br />

uf[cjds6 hjv ,h’fyts6 cfmfhsdtkj qbf cbdhwtl eylf ufvjdfw[fljs hecek-fvthbrekb rfgbnfkbc<br />

rjyrehtywbbc upfptj7 dt]b,ht,bs f[kf ufcfxemht,fib6 dbc eahj bfafl vbdfxtxt,s xdtyc<br />

tythujvfnfht,kt,c6 xhlbkjtsc se cfv[htsc7 cfvodthf ythdbc stjhbfcfw fvfc dfhmvtds mfhsekb<br />

dfhbfynbs7<br />

hflbrfkehfl ufyc[dfdt,ekb vtxdtyt,f gfhkfvtynfh ]fyceq tpeu,fbfc gjpbwbf5[tkbcea- [tkbcea- [tkbcea- [tkbcea[tkbcea- kt,bc kt,bc thsb thsb evfqktcb evfqktcb ofhvjvflutytkbw6 ofhvjvflutytkbw6 sdbs sdbs sdbs ghtpbltynbc ghtpbltynbc xfsdkbs xfsdkbs vpfl vpfl vpfl fh fh fhbc<br />

fhbc<br />

bvbcfsdbc6 bvbcfsdbc6 bvbcfsdbc6 hjv hjv fa[fptsbc fa[fptsbc cfrbs[t,ib cfrbs[t,ib hfqfw hfqfw uflfo.dtnbkt,f uflfo.dtnbkt,f uflfo.dtnbkt,f vbbqjc7 vbbqjc7 [tkbceakt,f6<br />

[tkbceakt,f6<br />

hjvtkbwhjvtkbw abmhj,c abmhj,c fa[fptsbc fa[fptsbc lf,heyt,fc6 lf,heyt,fc6 vfy vfy gbhdtk gbhdtk hbuib hbuib cfmfhsdtkjc cfmfhsdtkjc cfmfhsdtkjc sfdsfdlfwdbceyfhbfyj,bclfwdbceyfhbfyj,bc<br />

uf’kbtht,fpt uf’kbtht,fpt eylf eylf bpheyjc7 bpheyjc7 [lt,f [lt,f rb rb gbhbmbs5 gbhbmbs5 .jdtk .jdtk otkbotkb-<br />

oflc oflc sfdlfwdbc sfdlfwdbc cfvbybcnhjc cfvbybcnhjc ,be]tnb ,be]tnb vwbhlt,f7 vwbhlt,f7 !((# !((# okbc okbc ctmntv,hblfy ctmntv,hblfy !(($<br />

!(($<br />

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vlufhf777<br />

lffrdbhlbs fv ahfpfc6 ,fnjyj6 hfvby5 cfvidblj,j cfvidblj,j ’fkt,b ’fkt,b fh fh vlufhfj vlufhfj7 vlufhfj<br />

fv fv fv * * sdbc sdbc vfy’bkpt vfy’bkpt ufkbc ufkbc hfbjyib hfbjyib flfvbfybc flfvbfybc flfvbfybc lfqegdbc lfqegdbc lfqegdbc afmn afmnt,b afmn afmnt,b<br />

t,b ,tdhfl ,tdhfl yfryfr-yfr- 122


kt,bfkt,bfkt,bf lfabmcbht,ekb6 lfabmcbht,ekb6 dblht dblht hectsbc hectsbc cfvidblj,jt,bc cfvidblj,jt,bc xf.tyt,blfy7 xf.tyt,blfy7 xf.tyt,blfy7 vfsb vfsb vfsb bm bm 2vjq2vjq-<br />

dfotj,bc3 dfotj,bc3 dfotj,bc3 & & okbc okbc ufyvfdkj,fib ufyvfdkj,fib !&))-pt !&))-pt vtnb vtnb vtnb vidblj,bfyb vidblj,bfyb vjmfkfmtf vjmfkfmtf lfqegekb6<br />

lfqegekb6<br />

hfw hfw bvfpt bvfpt bvfpt vtn.dtkt,c6 vtn.dtkt,c6 hjv hjv bcbyb6 bcbyb6 tct tct bub bub hect,b6 hect,b6 ,fnjyj6 ,fnjyj6 hfvby6 hfvby6 hfvby6 bwfdty bwfdty bwfdty fh’by,fc<br />

fh’by,fc<br />

ht;bvc ht;bvc lf lf lf fhf fhf _ _ vjcf[ktj,fcj7 vjcf[ktj,fcj7 cfvidblj,jt,bc cfvidblj,jt,bc cfvidblj,jt,bc vbth vbth xfltybkb xfltybkb xfltybkb !*) !*) afmnbf afmnbf erdt<br />

erdt<br />

lfabmcbht,ekblfabmcbht,ekb ghjrehfnehbc ghjrehfnehbc vfcfkt,ib5cfyfv vfcfkt,ib5cfyfv vfcfkt,ib5cfyfv vbdbqt,lbs vbdbqt,lbs lflutybkt,fc lflutybkt,fc lflutybkt,fc cfvidbcfvidb-<br />

lj,j lj,j ’fkt,bc ’fkt,bc rjyakbmnbc rjyakbmnbc pjyblfy pjyblfy uf.dfybc uf.dfybc sfj,fpt6 sfj,fpt6 ufbvfhsf ufbvfhsf xdtyb xdtyb xdtyb it[dtlhf it[dtlhf<br />

it[dtlhf<br />

ghtpbltynsfy8 ghtpbltynsfy8 xfnfhlf xfnfhlf gfhkfvtynbc gfhkfvtynbc ,behjc ,behjc c[ljvf6 c[ljvf6 ufvjbsmdf ufvjbsmdf ufyc[dfdt,ekb<br />

ufyc[dfdt,ekb<br />

fphbw6 fphbw6 eahj eahj cojhfl cojhfl _ _ ibib6 ibib6 hjv hjv cfvidblj,jt,bc cfvidblj,jt,bc uf.dfybc uf.dfybc itvltu itvltu vfs vfs dby dby eylf<br />

eylf<br />

xftyfwdkjcj7 xftyfwdkjcj7 vt vt duh’yj,6 duh’yj,6 hjv hjv fh fh itb’kt,f itb’kt,f vfsb vfsb xfyfwdkt,f6 xfyfwdkt,f6 lcs-c lcs-c cf[tkvobajc<br />

cf[tkvobajc<br />

]fhbs ]fhbs erhfbyfcb erhfbyfcb bmyt,f bmyt,f tc tc se se yt,bcvbthbc6 yt,bcvbthbc6 dbyfblfy dbyfblfy hectsc hectsc .dtkfcsfy .dtkfcsfy vbeodlt,f<br />

vbeodlt,f<br />

[tkb [tkb lf lf ptojkbc ptojkbc ptojkbc xdtekb xdtekb ajhvt,bw ajhvt,bw ptlvbotdybs ptlvbotdybs iteveifdt,bf7 iteveifdt,bf7 fvbnjv fvbnjv fvbnjv se se xftyfw- xftyfwxftyfw- dkf dkf dbyvt6 dbyvt6 bc bc v[jkjl v[jkjl cfthsfijhbcj cfthsfijhbcj ityfthsb ityfthsb eylf eylf b.jc b.jc lf lf ufthjc ufthjc ufthjc vfylfnbs<br />

vfylfnbs<br />

vjmvtlt,ltcj7vjmvtlt,ltcj7 se se tc tc fh fh vj[lf6 vj[lf6 bm bm eylf eylf lflutc lflutc fa[fptsbc fa[fptsbc ibyfufy ibyfufy cfmvtsf cfmvtsf cfvbcfvb-<br />

ybcnhj6 ybcnhj6 2cgtwyfpb3 2cgtwyfpb3 lf lf c[df c[df ityfthst,b7 ityfthst,b7 ityfthst,b7 vfiby vfiby itd[tlfds itd[tlfds thsvfytsc thsvfytsc thsvfytsc sdfkt,ib<br />

sdfkt,ib<br />

mfhsdtkt,bmfhsdtkt,b lf lf fa[fpt,b7 fa[fpt,b7 thsb-jhb thsb-jhb sdtc6 sdtc6 ,eyt,hbdbf6 ,eyt,hbdbf6 bmyt,f bmyt,f vtynfkehb vtynfkehb lf’f,ekj- lf’f,ekj- lf’f,ekj-<br />

,f6 ,f6 vtht vtht .dtkfathb .dtkfathb lfkfult,f7 lfkfult,f7 lfkfult,f7 lfbo.t,f lfbo.t,f htfkehb htfkehb cfe,fhb cfe,fhb lf lf yfvldbkb yfvldbkb cfvidb- cfvidb- cfvidb- cfvidblj,jlj,j<br />

ghjwtcb7 ghjwtcb7 vjrktl6 vjrktl6 fewbkt,tkbf fewbkt,tkbf hecbc hecbc vjijht,f7 vjijht,f7 lf lf hfw hfw vsfdfhbf6 vsfdfhbf6 fa[fptfa[fpt-<br />

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vjdf[th[js6<br />

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fvudfhfl<br />

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kjc kjc ufhrdtekb ufhrdtekb nthbnjhbbc nthbnjhbbc nthbnjhbbc jregbht,bc jregbht,bc jregbht,bc sfj,fpt sfj,fpt lf lf vjbs[jdjc vjbs[jdjc vbcb vbcb ltjregfwbfj<br />

ltjregfwbfj7<br />

ltjregfwbfj<br />

ltjregfwbfj<br />

fvudfh lfvjrblt,ekt,fc fv;qfdyt,c fhct,ekb htfkj,bcflvb xdtyb ]fyb6 xdtyb ]fceq tpeu-<br />

,fbf7 vfuhfv fmfw fh vbvfxybf cfrbs[b fvjoehekfl7 ]th dth vbdfutyb gbhjdyt,fc6 hjvtkbw<br />

gjrthbc vfublfcsfy aktihjbfkc akj,ltc lf cnhbnt,bs fh ,ktaj,ltc7<br />

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dbidtkbt, zehbfib ghtpbltynbc .jaybc sfj,fpt7 rkbvtync hjujh ufde,emt, rkbvfnc lf<br />

bhjlb cfhsfybfcf se ]jnj ueuexbfcsfy lfgjhnhtnt,ekb mdt.ybc gbhdtkb gbhb6 lf[vfht-<br />

,bcsdbc [tkbc ufvjojlt,fc hfyfbhfl fqvbsmdfvc9 ubylfs6 cfveibfc xfyfothbc gbhdtkb rfctnbc<br />

vtjht v[fht vjufcvtybyj9<br />

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vjvb[th[lt,f veifj,fib xfdtakj,b5 xfothbc gbhj,t,bf9 dboth7 rjhtmnehbc lhjf9 dfcojht,7<br />

ufibahbc vjwfktj,ff9 dibahfd7 fcthufc ajhvbfyb obuyb6 f,f6 wblfy rb fh xfvjdfhlt-<br />

,jlf9=<br />

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ityb sfdbcsdbc rfpfy,f=<br />

_ bkfhbjyjdbx6 fh dbwb ityvf styubpvf hjujhb bynthdbe xfvjfhsdf ,fnjy pehf, cfveibfc6<br />

vfuhfv se ufbynthtct,c6 xdtyb cfe,hbc ltnfkt,ib ufufhrdtd7 utcvbc se fhf rfhufl9<br />

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vte,yt,f bub6 fv lhjc xdtyc gjkbnbreh tkbnfib6 xdtyc ltgenfwbfib fqvjxylf ,pfhb6<br />

hjvtkvfw cfvoe[fhj rdfkb lfnjdf7<br />

ltgenfwbf b.jaf jh yfobkfl6 thsyb fhbfy kjvbyf’bc vjv[htt,b6 vtjhtyb _ vtc[bfcb7 tc<br />

jhb dth vjhbult,f thsvfytsib lf fv lhjc gjkbnbreh bktsc b.tyt,c dkflbckfd fyh’by,f5<br />

dbyfblfy vfc @* ltgenfnb •.fdc6 [vfsf evhfdktcj,f vbc v[fhtpf lf ybiyfdc pfhfylbfc7<br />

vjlb6 fvfc kjubrehfl itd[tljs8 hfv ufyfgbhj,f777 pfhfylbf lfybidyf6 hjwf vjkfgfhfrt-<br />

,f eylf ofdbltc mfhsdtkt,ib6 vfuhfv xdty thsvfytsb lfd[jwts lf ltgenfwbf hjv vb[dlt,f<br />

sfdbc lfyfifekc6 lfnjdt,c ctcbfc _ gfhkfvtync ufhts fqvjxylt,f7<br />

fh’by,fc tc vjvtynb ufvjcf.tyt,kfl •mjylf lf sfdbcb gjkbnbrehb ufvzhbf[j,bs gbhovbylfl<br />

vjeuj xdtyc ltgenfwbfc7 ufyfo.tyt,ekb ltgenfwbf ghjntcnbc ybiyfl lfnjdt,c se<br />

fhf ctcbfc6 ths-thsb eptyftcb cf,zjc ltgenfnb fhqdtdc rfyjyc7 vt duekbc[vj, .jabk ibyfufy<br />

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123


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cfthsjl fa[fptsbc uf.jaf jh yfobkfl7 vjlbs vjdktyt,c lfdfhmdfs sfdbcb cf[tkb5 hfc /<br />

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125


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126


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127


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128


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129


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133


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140


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141


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142


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168


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176


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177


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187


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201


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222


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223


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224


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226


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243


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244


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245


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250


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251


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252


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cfiefkj atybc fcfqjh’byt,kflj6 vfuhfv ffahbyt fkfkbj6 smvekf7 fhfdbc uffxybf fvbcb<br />

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253


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254


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255


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256


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257


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261


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262


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263


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P. S.<br />

264<br />

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265


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266


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267


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[fpt,bc ufvjcfhxkt,bs sehvt fh vjudwtc gfnfhf thbc utyjwblbc cfiefkt,f7 fa[fptsb rb vfs<br />

ifdb pqdbcfrty ufcfcdktkfl hjv czbhlt,jlfs6 hfnjvqfw lfbvfkf7 ifyb,jdc fhw bc ufev[tkbf<br />

se fltqttkt,vf hbcsdbc vjbs[jdtc nthbnjhbbc ufwdkf fa[fpt,sfy abpbrehb lfvtpj,kt,bc<br />

vbpybs7 thsb cbn.dbs6 cfidbkbidbkjl lfudfdfklt,ekf sfdbcb zrebs7 vtjht bc uf[kfds6<br />

hjv ueibyoby ufvjmdf,ekblfy ufvjcek gjkbnbrfyc t.j sfd[tlj,f 2dta[bcn.fjcfybc3<br />

thc vtynjhekb njybs ufudcfe,ht,jlf6 f,exfl ftulj xdtyb bcnjhbekb akfuvfyj,f rfdrfcbfib6<br />

uftrbkf xdtyb 2qdsbehb xfvjvfdkj,f36 xdtyb 2sdbsithfw[df3 vcjakbj wbdbkbpfwbbc<br />

vztltk lf vtcbf thfl7 fvbcsfyt,pt esmdfvc frfrbc 2hjwf smdty n.tib ,jlbfkj,lbs6 xdty<br />

,b,kbfc dsfhuvyblbsj37 fh dbwb hf dmyfs6 ifyb,jdt,bc ibibs dth eylf lfd’hfs rhbynb fbtn<br />

vtatpt6 vtltfpt6 jmhjc cfovbcpt6 lf rbltd dby vjcsdkbc7 lf ,jkjc6 vtcfvt fhct,bsb6 hjltcfw<br />

ifyb,jdb vskfl vjerhtafdib uflfdblf lf rjhtcgjyltynbc gbhbs udfhbfyflfw itudtvemhf5<br />

serb mfhsdtkt,b zrdbfyfl fh bmyt,bs6 s,bkbcc thtdyfl uflfubmwtdsj7<br />

_ _ hf hf itb’kt,f itb’kt,f itb’kt,f dbdfhfeljs dbdfhfeljs dbdfhfeljs s,bkbcbc s,bkbcbc s,bkbcbc thtdyfl thtdyfl thtdyfl uflfmwtdfib9<br />

uflfmwtdfib9<br />

_ fk,fs6 bubdt6 hfw cj[evbc ufcjv[t,fib7 fa[fptsbc lfwtvbs xdty sfdblfy fdbwbkts<br />

rfdrfcbehb jvb6 hjvtkbw itcf’kjf eahj afhsjvfcinf,bfyb nhfutlbbc6 vtcfvt vcjakbj<br />

jvbc bvgekcbw rb ufv[lfhb.j7 cfwf fhf c]j,cj6 udfcofdkbc hecsfdtkb lf xdtyw6 vfhsfkbf6<br />

lfudbfyt,bs6 vfuhfv vfbyw ufdtwfkts7 xtvsdbc eahj c[df hfv fhbc ufeut,fhb5 vothfk yfbhf<br />

utkfidbkbc gjpbwbf7 tc cfvf[cjdhj itvjmvtlb6 hjvtkbw ,jkj lhjc ,tktnhbcnbrfibw<br />

fdfh]bit,c rfkfvc6 hfnjvqfw bjnbcjltyflfw fh ittwflf htcgjyltynbcfsdbc lftrjyrhtnt,byf<br />

se s,bkbcbc thtdyfl uflfmwtdfib hfc uekbc[vj,lf7 ew[jj,fib se dthf6 iby [jv<br />

vfbyw itt’kj tc vjtvjmvtlt,byf9 sfdcfnt[fl lfudbnjdf jhfphjdfyb ahfpf7<br />

_ _ ,fnjyj6 ,fnjyj6 ,fnjyj6 tlbith6 tlbith6 fhw fhw bc bc bmyt,f bmyt,f bynthtcvjrkt,ekb bynthtcvjrkt,ekb se se hfnjv hfnjv xylt,f xylt,f xylt,f xdtyc<br />

xdtyc<br />

nthbnjhbfptnthbnjhbfpt rjvgfmnehb rjvgfmnehb cjv[ehb6 cjv[ehb6 fpth,fb]fyekb6 fpth,fb]fyekb6 ,th’yekb ,th’yekb lf lf f7i7 f7i7 lfcf[kt- lfcf[kt- lfcf[kt-<br />

,fyb7 ,fyb7 tc tc ghj,ktvf ghj,ktvf lblb lblb [fybf [fybf sehmtsib sehmtsib vj[cybkbf7 vj[cybkbf7 vj[cybkbf7 % % se se & & & vbkbjyb vbkbjyb vbkbjyb kfpb kfpb bct<br />

bct<br />

vbvjafynekf vbvjafynekf vstkc vstkc sehmtsib6 sehmtsib6 hjv hjv cfvbnbyujl cfvbnbyujl rb rb fhf fhf yfstcfdt,c yfstcfdt,c odtekt,fpt<br />

odtekt,fpt<br />

itrht,f itrht,f dth dth vje[th[t,bfs7 vje[th[t,bfs7 fmtlfy fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht ufvjvlbyfht eqbvqfvjf eqbvqfvjf vfsb vfsb gfnhbjnekb<br />

gfnhbjnekb<br />

cekbcrdtst,fw7<br />

cekbcrdtst,fw7<br />

_ xdtysdbc lfvfkekb fh fhbc cjv[ehb trktcbbcf lf vfsb cfpqdfhufhtsekb lbfcgjhbc<br />

vtwflbyj,f /fjcbc ]bkfubc lfcfabyfyct,kfl6 jqjylfw hfvtyfbhfl vjbrbljy at[b mfhsek<br />

vbofpt7 cjv[tsbc fvthbrekb se kb,fyehb lbfcgjht,bc jwyt,f lfew[hjvkfl veifj,c<br />

2dtkbrb fhvtybfc3 itcfmvytkfl6 hfw vstkb rfdrfcbbc fsdbct,fc uekbc[vj,c vbcb vrdblhb<br />

vjcf[ktj,bc5 mfhsdtkt,bc6 fa[fpt,bc6 xtxty-byueit,bc lf rbltd vhfdkbc ufmhj,bc [fh]pt7<br />

cfuekbc[vj afmnbf r7,jhjplbybc wyj,fw5 vtabc hectsb cjvt[ dfzht,c itqfdfsbfyb ctc[bs<br />

evfhsfdlf [tkc ufkjst,ekb mfhsdtkb sfdfl-fpyfehj,bc ufcfrjnht,kfl6 vfsb vfvekt-<br />

,bc [tkib xfcfult,flj7 frb6 fvfcobyfs ub;-dhfwet,c vofht cbvfhskt udnrbwf ie,kib thsvf<br />

/fbfcnfytkvf 2abkjcjajcvf36 hjvkbc vb[tldbs wdtnjdt,b lf fcnfattdt,b vfvf f,hfvbc<br />

,fnryt,fl ofhvjudtcf[t,f7 2smdty mfhsdtkt,c ]th zfzbc lfktdf ub.dfhs6 vtht rb zezec vbbqt,sj36<br />

cfvb sbsbc rjv,byfwbbs udtvemht,f /fbfcnfytkb ’vf7<br />

_ _ vjrktl6 vjrktl6 udtvemht,bfy udtvemht,bfy vfh]dyblfy vfh]dyblfy lf lf vfhw[yblfy7<br />

vfhw[yblfy7<br />

_ ujyc se fh vjdtut,bs6 xdtyb vjvfdkbc gthcgtmnbdf ahbfl lfqdhtvbk atht,ib vt[fnt,f7<br />

273


Fama*I<br />

cfqfvjcgbhbf7 vtuj,hbc vfvbc ufcdtyt,blfy vjudfwbkt,c f,fibc cfyf[t,b6 ,fnjyt,c5 jsfh<br />

zbsfyfdfc6 nfhbtk mfysfhbfc6 jlbr me[bkfdfc lf smdtyc vjyf-vjhxbkc7 ctyfrbc uflfcfh,tysfy<br />

fdnjbycgtmnjhb uf,vekfl udbidbnbyt,c zhtkb ]j[bc ohbekb nhftmnjhbbs7 cfsdfksdfkj<br />

geymnc ufvjvwlfhyb erecdkbs ytk-ytkf def[kjdlt,bs itw,eyt,ekb mexbc vjvotchbut,kbc<br />

w[tybcvfudfh ghjabkc7 fudojy-lfudojybc6 itudfsdfkbth-itvjudfsdfkbtht,c6<br />

vtht udfhbfyfl ujyc vjcekb ,jhlbehsfy it.jdyt,ekb jhb rehnbpfybc lfvupfdht,fc<br />

uds[jdc .dtkbc dfzfhbdbs ufrhtzbkb7 itdvzblhjdlt,bs7 cnevht,b cjatk rjrib6 cf[tkufysmvek<br />

yfkbvfcrty vbtvupfdht,bfy yfstcfdsfy7 ghtcbc sfyfvihjvkt,bc rdfkj,fpt ]tbhyt,b<br />

cbn.dfe[dyb xfyfy7 cfae’dkbfyb ufvjwyfeht,bc itvltu gjkbnbrfcfw uflfcodlt,bfy7<br />

cfcfe,hj fhtyfpt vjekjlytkfl fvjnbdnbdlt,f mfkfm peulblbcf lf peulblbc hfbjybc<br />

ufvut,kbc cf[tkb5 tlbith xfhufpbf7<br />

_ vt lfdfybidybyt6 _ vfbcbc dfhlbdbs ufaehxmdybkb jlbitkb ,fyjdfyb thsbfyfl b,hfkt,c<br />

ufvut,kbc lfobyfeht,fc lf vtnb lfvf]tht,kj,bcfsdbc rekekt,c ereb.hbc7<br />

_ vfhskf9= _ ufdbjwt,s .fcblfl7 sehvt .jdtkbdt ghtkelbff6 ufywdbaht,fyb fob brbs[t=<br />

_ vbc flubkpt fv;fvfl tc lf tc gbhjdyt,ff lfybiyekb6 w[flbf6 xtvbdt htrjvtylfwbbs7<br />

,h’fyt,f lfothbkbf erdt6 vfuhfv ,fnjyb tlbithbcfsdbc itcfathbcb flubkb ]th]thj,bs dth<br />

vjb’t,yf7777<br />

_ hjujhw xfyc6 vskfl vfqkf evbpyt,s6 _ itdfgfht, cfhrvtkc vbztz.bkb7<br />

_ smdtybcsfyf mfk,fnjybc cehdbkt,c hjvtkb begbnthb lfelut,f oby9 _ ,e[eyt,c ,fnjyb<br />

jsfhb lf vj[ltybkfl ojybc rjk[b vfljyfc ,b,bkjlfy xfvjidt,ek vjvyec[dtk cf-<br />

.ehtc7<br />

_ ,f]fqkjf6 fvf lf fv vbybcnhbc yfxemfhb6 _ [vfc byfpt,c dfhlbcath,b,bkjbfyb7<br />

[j,bc vbcflujvt,sfy wjnf[ybs d.jdylt,bs aby]fy .fdfpt erfwhbtk rfatib7 uehbbc afhifdfyubcfufy<br />

ufyc[dfdt,bs jlbitk athbfc pjvbtht,bc uh’yj,f qfkfnj,c ifvgfyehbc vtcfvt<br />

ae;thbc itvltu7 at[pt ofvjud.hbc [fy thsb6 [fy vtjht6 hf smvf eylf vbcufydt fqptdt,ekb fo<br />

ytnfh[ctyt,ekb gbhjdyt,bc cfgfnbdwtvekjl7 sdfkt,blfy bctsyfbhfl .hbc<br />

wtw[kc6 vpfl fhbc xdtyc itcfysmvtkfl7 thsbfyfl lfg.hj,bkyb vjhxbkfl dwkbs cfcvbct,c<br />

lf vthvt j]f[t,ib vbqotdfvlt vhfdfkpt vhfdfk flfvbfyc fdn.jhwybs jkbvgjpt lf vjdfchbfkt,s<br />

ktsfib vbcb vupyt,fht vfckffsbs fqnrbyt,ekyb7<br />

Fama II<br />

II<br />

ufkbc hfbjybc vjcf[ktj,bc ,fh,fhjcekb ovtylbc lqtt,ibw cflflbfyjib uf[kfdfh lf<br />

nhfutlbbc eiefkj vjyfobkt efvhfdb flfvbfybcfufy dfrjobot, ehx[ekbc ufeujyfh yfvjmvtlfhc6<br />

hjvtksfufy fv]thfl xtvsdbc eahj .ehflcfqt,b thsb jnj,fbtkb ltlfrfwbc vjyfs[hj,bf7<br />

bc idbkt,bsehs bv.jat,jlf cfvehpf.fyjib ufdthfyt,ekb j]f[bc vbcf[tlfl7<br />

sehvt vbcb udfhlbtkb df;bidbkbw lfgfnbvht,eksf ijhbc fqvjxtybkf7 vtht vbkbwbbc<br />

ityj,fib itvo.dltekc6 cdtkb othnbkbc cfzbhjt,bc vthfvltyt vjvbptpt,bs lhj e[tkst-<br />

,bf lf ufmwtekf7 odfkt,bs uflvjekf[fds fstekb rbkjvtnhbc vsfujhbfyb cfvtuhtkj7<br />

ch,jkfib kfyxufvjv’dhfk at[cfwvtkt,c vfyf[dt,c6 vfuhfv fa[fpt,bc v]bqt,bcfufy sfdgbhufcbt,ek<br />

zf,erpt ertstc cf,esc cfl dbgjdb9<br />

_ cfvfcpt vtnb mfkb itdb.fhtybs vbkbwbbc ityj,fcsfy6 _ vjvbs[hj,c rbchbc ’fhqdt,lf-<br />

,thbkb vfylbkjcfyb6 _ itdxmdbalbs6 xfvjrjyrbkyb6 obdbk-rbdbkbsf lf ibibcfufy ve[kt,vjrfyrfktyb6<br />

sevwf f[kj,kt,bc vjcfkjlytkb e,tleht,f ufv,tlfj,fc udvfnt,lf lf ,jkjc<br />

lf ,jkjc mbvifhbf b’ekt,ekb uf[lf xdtyb qfdqfdbcfsdbc .ehflqt,f vbtmwbf7 ufvjdblf<br />

cfv[tlhj nfycfwvtkib ufvjortgbkb6 vfqfk-vfqfkb6 [vtk-[vtkb6 ;qfkodthbfyb7 vfibydt ufdbcects7<br />

_ fa[fpehb smdtysdbc xbyehbf6 _ fv,j,lf bub hb[bfyfl6 _ fhw hecekb ut.eht,fs<br />

cfwjlfdt,j lf bctd vtuhekfl ute,yt,bs6 hjv dbcfw gfhnbpfyt,sfy rjynfmnb fh lfevnrbwlt,f<br />

lf fqfhw xdtyc obyffqvltu ejvbf bfhfqbs [tkib6 erkt,kbd ufdfysfdbceakt,s7 lf-<br />

274


yfhxtyc9 _ mbivfhbfc vb,f’dbs sdfkt,c bdbohjdt,c mfkb6 _ smdtyc obyfit lfd[dhtns fcfrbclf<br />

ufyehxtdkflj6 _ fv cbn.dt,pt bctd obdbk-rbdbkb fdnt[ts7 mbivfhbf ufo.hf6 ufobovfnlf7<br />

tn.j,f ukjdbc pfhb ueyt,f-[fcbfsc ei[fvfdlf lf xdtyw cfylj bfhfqc vfyfvlt fh itdtidbs6<br />

cfyfv fdnjvfnt,bc rfrfyvf rhe[t,bdbs fh lfudafynf7<br />

_ hfyb [fhs tc vtuhtkt,b e,tlehyj= fa[fpt,vf 2dta[bcn.fjcfybw3 rb ufvjubmdt.yts vtuhek<br />

tyfpt6 smdty rb rdkfd o.tekb mfhsbcrty* ubzbhfds sdfkb7 yese fhfclhjc itufoe[t,s<br />

evjo.fkjl ufstkbkb vtj,f9= peulblblfy ufvjupfdybkb jhb vfymfyf amdbkb cfkfgfhfrjl<br />

fmwbts7 xdtysdbc rb fh udbyljlf6 smdtyc xfcf[tsmfl7 hjv vj’dht,bs rfkbfcfdbs6 vemsfl [jv<br />

fh ufhxtys fa[fpt,b vtuhtkt,c9= lfb[jwt,jlbs ibvibkbs lf fvfcfw utyjwblib<br />

xfvjudfhsvtdlbs vthtj7<br />

_ hjujh6 hjujh smdf mbivfhbfv6 peulblblfy ufvjupfdybkbj9= _ xfdt’bt,b vt7<br />

_ [j6 peulblblfyj7<br />

_ pecnfl vbs[fhb6 [jv bwb6 cnfnbbcfsdbc vzbhlt,f6 byajhvfwbfc ityb udfhbs ufvjdfmdt.yt,-vtsmb7<br />

sfdpt [tkc itvjbhn.fvc7<br />

_ vfub fh myf6 sjhtv yfstcfdt,c fvjvb[jwfdty fmtlfyfw lf bmblfyfwj7<br />

_ vfiby cbn.dfcbn.dbs ufb[ctyt6 mbivfhbfc eylf ufydew[flj ptu js[v[hbd it[dtlhfptvtsmb7<br />

_ jhbdt idbkb vjvrdljvjltc6 xtvb .ehbs se vjvtcvbyjc6 vt chjkbc lhjc sfdupf fvt,yf6<br />

fhw rb vf[cjdc vjtlfypt hjujh fqvjdxylb7 tc fv,fdb vtpj,kbc mfkvf vbs[hf7 yfvldbkb<br />

fkmthmef* vbcufy n.ebkb fh bmyt,fj6 _ lffchekt,c lf yjnbj w[dbhc vf]fpt itb[jwfdc7<br />

Fama III<br />

ahbfl ghtcnb;ekb eo.t,bc cfidc vbajhvt,ty7 ajnjf xfcfrhfdb6 cfhtubcnhfwbj lf<br />

cfmvt vbzbfyehlt,f7 rflht,bc ufy.jabkt,fib lhjbc vjcfrkfdfl f[fk ajcnfc dfsdfkbtht,<br />

cfyljvbfyb mfk,fnjybc yt,fhsdbs7 bkecnhbht,ek ;ehyfkc ofqvf-ereqvf fnhbfkt,c bub6<br />

vtht sdfkc sdfkib vb.hbc lf [vfgfhdbs vte,yt,f5<br />

_ fb6 sehvt hfnjv tkjkbfdt,bfy7 bctsb gbhjdyt,bc yfstcfdb .jabkf lf hfnjvfw fhf9=<br />

_ dby6 hjvtkb-vtsmb7<br />

_ smdtyb ufvut,tkb6 xfhufpbf6 _ vgfce[j,c ybiybc vjut,bs6 _ .jdkbcitv’kt vfujhfldf;fc<br />

cbc[kb lf [jhwbf sehvt6 hjvtkbw cffhct,j kervf-gehc fodlbc fcbfsfcj,bs knjkdbkc7<br />

jsfh xfhufpbf6 [fht rhbiyfc [tkv’qdfytkbf ÑÍÃ-tc mdt.yt,ib lf vjcrjdblfy vfhsfdc<br />

vstkc tdh-fpbfc7 ,jkj lhjc6 ufycfresht,bs vecekvfyeh cfv.fhjc xft[enf6 xtxytsblfy<br />

knjkdbkt,c mjvfufl vjtdkbyf lf hjujhw bhrdtdf6 fhw facef ctgfhfnbcnt,bc vbvfhs<br />

fhbc uekuhbkb vfbywlfvfbyw7<br />

_ vtht lf peulblbc ufvut,tkb hf iefibf9 _ dtrbs[t,b ufjwt,ekb7<br />

_ bv iefibf xtvj rfhuj6 hjv peulblib thsj, vjvhfdklyty htkbubehb ctmnt,b7 at[t,ib<br />

ut,kfylt,bfy ,elbcnt,b lf btqjdtkt,b6 vfsb kbnthfnehf7 bvfs .jdkbcitv’kt cerb fabyfyct,c7<br />

[tlfd6 hjujh udbntdty itvjdkbs9 _ sdfkoby vbahbfkt,c uflfikbk cnfnbfc mfk-<br />

,fnjyb ;ehyfk 2htkbubblfy37<br />

_ vtht lf cfl 2[fht rhbiyf3 lf cfl peulblbc ufvut,tkb9 smdtyb udfhb mfk,fnjyj9<br />

_ ebvt6 ebvt6 ufvf[ctylf6 ,fdidb v.fdc ,fqblfy ufvjcf.dfyb= vfgfnbts6 vtxmfht,f= _ afwehj,c<br />

lf [tkxfysfc tgjnbyt,f7<br />

HF HF [LT,F [LT,F F,FIFIB9=<br />

F,FIFIB9=<br />

fye fye fye lfothts lfothts ufyw[flt,f6<br />

ufyw[flt,f6<br />

ufyw[flt,f6<br />

,fnjyj=<br />

,fnjyj=<br />

275<br />

!((% o7


tc fv,fdb bvltyfl uf[vfeht,ekbf6 udfht,bc lfecf[tkt,kflfw twyfeht,f .dtkfc vstkc cflflbfyjib6<br />

vfuhfv xdty vfbyw byrjuybnjl dfv]j,byt,s vbcb gthcjyf;t,bc ofhvjxtyfc7<br />

ths-thsb yjvtyrkfnehekb sfyfvlt,j,bc gbhb tc-tcff iteluf vfcpt vbylj,bkb cfveifjc<br />

itcofdkfc lf vjcf[ktj,fcsfy rjynfmnib itcdkfc6 vfuhfv cfrvfjl tyfrdbvfncf lf vj[th[t,ek<br />

v’qjkc dthfathb vje[th[f7 [fy vfhsdbc nfkjyb ufe[dhbnf gfnhjyc cbxmfhbc uflfvtnt,bcfsdbc6<br />

[fy ervt[fl ite,heyf cbn.df cfpjufljl6 [fyfw egeymnefkj,bc ufvj uffobskf ptvlujvb<br />

[fk[bc obyfit7 /jlf6 ths vidtybth lqtc lfvfhnj[tkt,ekc vfymfybc cfkjyib gbhlfgbh vjezhf5<br />

_ xtvj6 rfhuj6 rvfhf hfw ufub’tkb6 xdtyb thsfl veifj,f fh itb’kt,f7<br />

v’qjkvf fhw fwbf lf fhw fw[tkf6 sdfkt,b vjorehf lf enbahfl vbf[fkf5<br />

_ vtht lf lf lfothts ufyw[flt,f6 gfntyb=<br />

fv cbuh’bc fytuljnehb bthbs itathbk fv,fdc fhfahbclblt,bs vjub.dt,jlbs ufzhbkb<br />

.dtkbdbs hjv fh /ufdltc f,fibc ufvutj,bc sfdv]ljvfhbc6 ,fnjy cjcj zfynehbfc .bcvfsc6 hjvtkcfw6<br />

lfothts ufyw[flt,f6 ,fnjyjj6 e,qdthty lfrdfkbfyt,ekb [tkmdtbsyb7<br />

f,fibc hfbjybc w[jdht,bc ofhvjcfxtyfl dhwtkb cfufptsj cnfnbbc vjvpflt,f vmjylf ufyphf[ekb6<br />

ufycfresht,bs cfmdt.yjl uf,fmb,emt,ekb 2fy]tkbc3 rhf[bc ufvj _ !$)) /tmnfhb vboblfy<br />

w[hffc js[vjwlffsb njyf cbvbylb ’kbdc hjv vjbobtc7 lbsbhfv,t,bcsdbc lf nfiafylehbcfsdbc<br />

ufyo.j,bkb yfvldbkfl fh db.fdb6 vfuhfv htlfmwbfib utuvfpjvbthfl hjv bo.tc<br />

vjmfkfmtsfcfxbdht,vf ltyf6 sfyfw thsb lf bvfdt cnbkbsf lf [tkothbs6 ueyt,f-ufyo.j,bkt,f<br />

itvtwdfkf lf uflfdo.dbnt cfrvfjl kvj,bthb njybs dcnevht,jlb f,fibc ufvut,tkc7 fhw vtlbfnjhj,f<br />

vofllf6 sevwf fv othbkt,bc rbkj vfabmht,byt,lf ef[kjtcb okt,bc cbylhjvbs<br />

[jv fh vjdf[ltylbs bctlfw ufsfyuek cfpjufljt,fib ltcnf,bkbpfwbfc7 f,fibc hfbjyib bv<br />

lqtc cfv[fhtj flvbybcnhfwbbc sfdrfwc6 m7 peulblbc vthc ,fnjy ,jylj ]bmbfcfw tkjlyty7<br />

dxmfhj,lb6 bybwbfnbdbc [tkblfy ufidt,f fh vcehlf lf sfyfvihjvkj,bsf lf vjvxbdyt,bs cfdct<br />

ufvut,kbc rf,bytnib xtvsdbc [tkcf.tkb gjpbwbf lfdbrfdt7 f,fibc ufvut,tkb bynthdbept<br />

lfvsfy[vlf6 bv gbhj,bs6 hjv se fv dfr[fyfkbfib vjdfcoht,lb cfcehdtkb gfce[t,bc vjgjdt,fc7<br />

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276


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289


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290


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327


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333


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sjaf’t-ufxtxb-<br />

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vidblb<br />

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vbpybc<br />

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rfgbnfkbc<br />

rfgbnfkbcfsdbc<br />

rfgbnfkbc<br />

rfgbnfkbcfsdbc<br />

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f nkfyneh-tdhjgekb ,bpytc-ufhtvjw<br />

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lfafweh- lfafweh- lt,f7<br />

lt,f7<br />

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334


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335


POLI , POLI , EGZITPOLE<br />

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cfmvtib7<br />

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358


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359


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360


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364


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365


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366


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375


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vflkbtht,bc uh’yj,fc sfdbc vjvfdfk sfj,t,c uflfcwtvc7<br />

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376


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377


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378


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379


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386


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387


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396


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397


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398


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gjtpbfc5<br />

DTID, CTITD THE PRTZIDENT OF GEORGIA<br />

MISHAL, MAIKL SAAKASVILY<br />

Your name is Greitly name,<br />

Fest namt and middk name,<br />

Kast nam are sutntime,<br />

Shortly name it is stim!<br />

Youre name is meniy man,<br />

You name are ftrenli man,<br />

400


This is nfme jastliy man,<br />

Our Prezident getleman!<br />

Here naim a fain weiiov,<br />

He goes af hight, above,<br />

yure ntitiv Gorgia is willi,<br />

Mishel, Maik, Saakasvili!<br />

401<br />

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Soso Tsimentia<br />

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408


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409


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sfj,fpt udbsmdfvc777<br />

***<br />

410


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412


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_ fv lqtt,ib ths-thsb ntktfh[bc uflfwtvfib vbdecofhb tythutnbrbc ghj,ktvfpt cfe-<br />

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tcff uh’tkdflbfyb ctc[b rfhub gbhj,t,bs6 !%-okbfybf7 ntylthb b.j ufvjw[flt,ekb6<br />

hjvtkibw c[dflfc[df mdt.fyfv vbbqj vjyfobktj,f6 vfs ijhbc6 uthvfybfv6 sehmtsvf6 fdcnhbfv<br />

lf hectsbc cfvityt,kj-cfvjynf;j jhufybpfwbt,vf7 fv itvs[dtdfib xdty itdxthlbs hectsbc<br />

cfvityt,kj jhufybpfwbt,pt6 hjvkt,bw sfdbc lhjpt tyueh•tcbc vityt,kj,fpt vjyfobktj,lyty7<br />

_ se fh dwlt,b6 !((& otkc cflthbdfwbj udbhf,cfw xfenfhlf htvjynb7<br />

_ vfhsfkbf6 vlbyfht jkjhbc uflfcfcdktk vjyfrdtspt6 cfblfyfw [lt,jlf o.kbc lblb<br />

hfjltyj,bs uf;jydf7 cfzbhj itbmyf cfluehbc ufxtht,f6 iblf v[hblfy wtvtynbc bytmwbf6<br />

,pfhbc itrtst,f lf udbhf,ib cfhmdtkt,bc htvjynb7 fctekj,bs re,ehb vtnhbc ,tnjyb<br />

lfdfuts ’bhbc yfobkpt7 sbsmvbc !))-ghjwtynbfyb itltub vbdbqts6 vbkbjyfvlt sfy[f lf]lf<br />

.jdtkbdt7 tctw jgthfnbekfl ufrtslf7 lblb [ybs udbhf,bc ufxtht,f bodtdc cfluehbc ufxtht,fc6<br />

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rbkjvtnhb cbuh’bc6 lbfvtnhbs (6% vtnhb6 epfhvfpfhb yfut,j,bc rjvgktmcbf6 cflfw oytdf<br />

!^ fnvjcathjvlt fqotdc7 cfluehbc fdfhbek ht;bvib ufxtht,f v.bcbthfl bodtdc oytdbc wdkbkt,fc6<br />

hfw efh.jabsfl vjmvtlt,c udbhf,pt7 sbsmvbc jwlf[esb otkbf6 hfw tmcgkefnfwbfib<br />

itdblf tyueh/tcb6 fhflf6 .jdtk [es otkboflib ths[tk eylf xfenfhltc cfhtf,bkbnfwbj<br />

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_ dbwb6 hjv lblb ’fkbc[vtdf lfuzbhlfs6 2sfqjdfyb rfi[fkc3 c[df cfvfhskt,hbd cbdh-<br />

414


wtib vjcfmwtdfl<br />

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tyueh•tcbc jgthfnbekb cfvcf[ehb7 wfkrt xfvj.fkb,lf tyueh•tcbc 2sfqjdfyb rfi[fkbc3<br />

lbhtmwbf7 tc .dtkfathb ($-ib vj[lf7 gbhdtkb lbhtmnjhb ufd[lb vt8 ((-ib xdty db.fdbs cf[fpbyj<br />

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ufkib bmyt,jlf6 vfuhfv fv]thfl ofkty]b[bc hfbjyib vbcb lfae’yt,f .jdtkyfbhfl ufvfhskt-<br />

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_ ,fnjyj6 ]jyb6 hfvltyflfw dbwb6 vbkbjyb kfhb uthut,fs lf *-( sdbc [tkafcb ufewtvtkbf7<br />

_ cfvoe[fhjl6 gthvfytynekfl lut,f [jkvt xdtyb lfabyfyct,bc ghj,ktvf7 ghj,ktvf fhbc<br />

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vbvfhsfw7 ,eyt,hbdbf6 ufvjyfrkbcb dthw xdty dbmyt,bs7 xdtysfy cfiefkj<br />

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se ofdblyty6 vfs itvwdktkc ufhrdtek gthbjlib dth dbijdbs7<br />

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fvbc itcf’kt,kj,f fhbc5 ityfhxeyt,ekbf wtvtynbc mfh[fyf6 hjvkbsfw okt,bc obyfs<br />

fitylf tyueh•tcbc rfi[fkb7 tc b.j cfvfcvfhrbfyb wtvtynb 2rfvf37 tyuehbc •blhjntmybreh<br />

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hjv [eljy•tcbc vityt,kj,f ufuh’tktltc7<br />

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_ [eljy•tcbc vityt,kj,f lffcfmvt,c !)-!@ fsfc flfvbfyc7 ufhlf cfreshbd [eljy•tcbcf6<br />

vlblfhb byahfcnhemnehff vjcfo.j,b7 upt,bf vjcfotchbut,tkb6 rdt,bc6 reknehekb lfotct,ekt,bc<br />

j,btmnt,b7 vityt,kj,f gbrc hjv vbef[kjdlt,f6 itb’kt,f lfbo.jc cfe,fhb nj-<br />

,fh•tcpt lf bv rfcrflbc ufy[jhwbtkt,fpt6 hjvtkbw bvsfdbsdt xflt,ekb b.j ghjtmnib7 vt<br />

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afh-[vfkbc lf.hfc fhw vjvfdfkib dfgbht,s7<br />

SOS5 5 tyueh/tcb tyueh/tcb vpflff777 vpflff777 vpflff777 rfnfcnhjabcfsdbc<br />

rfnfcnhjabcfsdbc<br />

rfnfcnhjabcfsdbc<br />

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ufehrdtdtkb rfnfcnhjaf eacrhekib lfysmfdc vbsjcehb uflvjwtvt,bs7 gfkbfcnjvb<br />

lff[kjt,bs tyueh•tcbc o.fkcfwfdb fepbc gfhfvtnht,bcff6 jqjyl ufyc[dfdt,bs pqdbc<br />

ljytcfw tvjhxbkt,f bub lf fqfhw xdtyc sfdptf ubkbjnbyfcfdbs xfvjrblt,ekb7 gfkbfcnjvbc<br />

acrthpt odthuf,t,qbkb ,judthf’tlfy vj.jkt,ekb6 frdfkfyut,b se vtstdptyb6 lqtcfw<br />

gjekj,ty ,th’yekb ofhvjvfdkj,bc fvajht,c6 vfhvfhbkjc cfat[eht,c se cabymcbc qbvbkbs<br />

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415


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ufdbwyj,bthjs lblvf lf gfnfhfv6 ufvut,tkvf lf vf;jhbnfhvf6 ue,thyfnjhvf lf vbybcnhvf6<br />

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427


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429


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430


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cfe,fhb9<br />

431


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443


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fsb okbc obyfyltkbf6 vfuhfv xdty lqtc eahj vrfwh jgjytynt,sfy udb[lt,f sdfkbc<br />

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uf[cybkb fmdc .dtkf lf,tzlbkb cfblevkj othbkb7 xdtyb mdt.fyf acrthvjyuhtek [jvfklc<br />

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444


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htubjybcfsdbc6 gbhdtk hbuib vskbfyb mdt.ybc fqjh’byt,bcsdbcff vjfpht,ekb lf fhf _<br />

bpjkfwbbcfsdbc6 fhf rfhxfrtnbkj,bcfsdbc7 fct abmhj,lf lty cbfj gbyb xbytsib6 hjwf fv<br />

ubufyn mdt.fyfc !! thstekfl .jalf7 ghtpbltynbcf lf vstkb xdtyb ueylbcfsdbc vsfdfhpt<br />

vsfdfhb cojhb jhbtynbhbc gjdyf b.j6 sfyfcojheakt,bfyb gfhnybj- hj,f .dtkfcsfy6<br />

hectsbf tc6 fvthbrf se sehmtsb7 xdty6 nthbnjhbekb vskbf- yj,bc lfhqdtdbc gbhj,t,ib6<br />

itcf’kt,- kj,bc vtcfvtlbsfw rb dth df[th[t,s mdt.ybc yjhvfkehfl vfhsdfc7 s[bkbc<br />

yfzezbcfsdbc6 hjvtkptw smdty bm vc]tkj,s6 ,eyt,hbdbf6 jltcvt vjdbwkbs6 f[kf rb cfjvfh<br />

vlujvfhtj,fib v.jab mdt.ybc rdfkj,fpt6 vjdktyt,bcflvb sfyflhjekb htfubht,f udvfhst,c7<br />

cfyfv cfvfxf,kjcf lf fa[fptsib fh fqclut,f xdtyb behbclbmwbf6 dthfyfbh cf[tkvobajt,hbd<br />

gjkbnbrfpt dbvc]tkt,s7 xdty6 vfhsfkbf6 vbdfqobts lf vbdfqotds vjvfdfkib ofhvfnt,t,c<br />

mdt.ybc ufhrdtek e,fypt6 ufhrdtek lfhuib6 vfuhfv cfyfv jhufybpvb lfyfotdht,ekbf6 vfcinf,ehb<br />

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uekb7<br />

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vjupfehj,t,c7 fhflf6 .dtkfc ufcfujyfl dfv,j,5 xdtysdbc evsfdhtcb ghbjhbntnb mdt.ybc<br />

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fv ghj,ktvbc uflfezhtkfl rec yf,b]t,bs dbdkbs ufvelvt,bs6 hjwf fmbktdcbc cbohfat<br />

udvfhst,c7 cfgfhkfvtynj fhxtdyt,bc vjf[kjt,fv yfstkb vj/abyf ‘fksf ufykfut,fc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

gjkbnbreh cgtmnhib7 fujhlf fynbcf[tkvobajt,hbdb rfvgfybf6 sbsmjclf ltvjrhfnbbc<br />

ltabwbnbf xdtyib7 vmjyltc cfiefkt,f6 mdt.ybc nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc fqlutyfvlt6<br />

ufhrdtekobkfl itdpqelfdlb vfc-vtlbbc fqdbhf[cybkc mvtlt,t,c6 hjvtkbw utuvfpjvbthflff<br />

vfhsekb vtpj,tkb mdt.yt,bc bynthtct,bs7 fm kjvbc obkb hectsbcff7 vt efvhfdb vfcfkbc<br />

vjidtkbt,f itvb’kbf cfbkecnhfwbjl6 se hfyfbh gjkbnbfrfc fnfht,lf hectsb cfmfhsdtkjib7<br />

ufdb[ctyjs ,jhjplbyb6 vtabc hectsbc vj[tkt ctyfrbc vfphfib7 hectsbc [fpbyf xdtyc vbsjceh<br />

vj’vt [fk[c sehvt eghjwtynj ctc[c f’ktdlf mfhsdtkb sfdfl-fpyfehj,bc ufcfrjnht,kfl6<br />

vfsb vfvekt,bc xfkbc afcfl [tkib xfcfult,fl7 ,fnjyb ujub ufxtxbkf’bc ufvjrdktdt,bs6 hectsc<br />

iefuek jvib vfhnjlvfhnj fsupbc6 fcupbc vbdenjdt,bdfhs vhbc[fyt vnhbc obyfit7 dth<br />

vjbifktc vfs mtlvfqkehb lfvjrblt,ekt,f cfmfh sdtkjc vbvfhs lf xdtyw b’ekt,ekb itdbmtybs<br />

njnfkehb utyjwblbc sfdblfy fcfwbkt,kfl hfqfw mvtlbsb yf,b]t,b uflfudtluf mdt.ybc<br />

ecfahs[jt,bcfsdbc7 fvbcb yfstkb lflfcneht,ff ofhvfnt,ekb ghjtmnt,b5 lblb f,htievbc upf6<br />

yfdsj,cfltyt,b6 ,fmj-.fhcbc fdnj,fyb6 hjvtkbw iteath[t,kfl ufudb.dfyc tdhjgfib7 hectsb<br />

uf,jhjnt,ekbf7 vb[dlf _ [tkblfy twkt,f rfdrfcbf6 dbyfblfy fv cbdhwtib cfmfhsdtkj<br />

upf]dfhtlbybf lf fdnjyjvbt,ib xflt,ekb ytkb vjmvtlt,bc yfqvt,bs wlbkj,c xdtyc cf,jkjj<br />

lfcfvfht,fc7 vfuhfv tc fh vj[lt,f xdtyb [tkbceakt,bc gbhj,t,ib6 dbyfblfy xdty ijhc dfhs<br />

athfl-athflb bkepbt,bcfufy7 [binbsf lf xtmvt,bs ofvjcek vnthc xdty dfhlt,bc chjkfc rb<br />

fh lfdeo.t,s6 fhfvtl erdt itudotdc eyfhb cfrflhbcb gfce[b ufdwts yt,bcvbth ufvj[ljvfc7<br />

lbkbc sthsvtnb cffsbf7 vj,bkehpt vbhtrfdc dbqfw yfwyj,b tyuehcufqvf cjakblfy6<br />

ufyve[ehblfy5 hect,bc fk.fibf vjmwtekb cfthsfijhbjcj ,fyfrbj7 xdty fv ,fyfrbc ufvfhsdbs<br />

sdfkyfskbd ufvjdfdkbyts xdtyb mdt.ybc cohfadf nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bcrty7 bubdt yf,b]t,bf<br />

uflfluvekb rjljhbc [tj,bc vbvfhsekt,bs7 hect,b ghjdjrfwbfpt vjlbfy6 fhfathc<br />

thblt,bfy cffvbcjl7 fh ufvjlbc jh w[typt ]ljvf6 jhb cnfylfhnb7 lbf[6 vbhtrfdc5 hect,bc<br />

fk.fibf vjmwtekb xdtyb ,fyfrbj7 vstkb flvbybcnhfwbf lfdb’fhbs bmbsrty ,fnjy pfpf ujhjpbfc<br />

vtsfehhj,bs7 ufyve[ehbc [blsfy cfvidblj,jt,b fh udbidt,ty xdtyc nthbnjhbfpt7 cffspt<br />

vtn [fyc ufuh’tklt,f vjkfgfhfrt,f7 ytk-ytkf vbdbotdbs xdtyb ,fyfrbcfrty7 bm fsj,bs ]fdifynhfycgjhnbjhb<br />

lf r,bkt,fvlt itbfhfqt,ekb [fk[bf sfdvj.hbkb7 cf[tptf cfvidblj,jt,bc<br />

eakt,bc firfhf uflfvnt,f7 hjwf ,fyrbc lfvwdtkvf vwbhthbw[jdfyvf hfpvf obyffqvltuj,f<br />

ufeobf wbcathxfa[enbfyt,c6 ufrjztc6 fhfflfvbfyehfl wtvtc7 rbltd rfhub6 ,fyfrib erdt<br />

lfvcdtyt,kt,b fh b.dyty7 bm v[jkjl vjvcf[eht gthcjyfkb b.j ufysfdbceakt,ekb lf<br />

[esb cfv[tlhj gbhb6 dbcfw nthbnjhbbc lfwdf tdfkt,jlf7 hect,c6 w[flbf6 eyljlfs<br />

uftujs6 hfbvt cfv[tlhj cfblevkj bfhfqc [jv fh dbyf[fdlbs ,fyfrib7 lf’f,ekj,fv gbrc vbfqobf6<br />

445


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itb’kt,f cfe,fhb ufotktsj7 lf6 fb6 .dtkfclf cfrdbhdtkfl oby vje’qdbc vsfdhj,bc<br />

ofhvjvfl- utykt,c7 xdty sfdblfy flubkj,hbdb vjcf[ktj,bc v[fhlfzthbs lf cfresfhb<br />

ufv,tlfj,bc o.fkj,bs dfrfdt,lbs fhfcfcehdtk cnevfhc7 f[kf sfdfl hect,b ufh,bfy<br />

gjpbwbblfy6 cfvidblj,jc ufqotdf eylfs6 vfuhfv cffrfidbkb hjv ufvjxylt,f6 .dtkf<br />

ufditilt,bs6 vnthbwf lf vj.dfhtw7 uh’tkb yf,b]t,bs vje.dt,f cfybveijl lfut,ek<br />

upfnrtwbkc xdtyb ghtpbltynb7 tc cfveifjt,b ctyfrehvf abhvf 2fhmtjgjkbcvf3 itfchekf<br />

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gthbjlib lf [jv dbwb6 hjujhb sfduflflt,ekbwff7 jgjpb- wbfv ahst,b ufifkf<br />

hect,bc ereyjyj mvtlt,bs5 vblbs6 vbfotmbsj6 vbcwtc cbuyfkb7 f[kf sfdc brfneyt,ty7 hbcb<br />

futynehf6 hbcb ufvwtvkj,fj7 ;ehyfkbcnt,c dtkfgfhfrt,bs ntktaj ybsj7 rfhub<br />

fhuevtynbf6 qvthsvfyb= ufycfresht,bs ‘vt,b ufvcf[ehlbt,bc lbfkjub ufotkbk<br />

uflfnhbfkt,fpt5 fcbfsfcb rfwb u.fdlfs lf hfc ewlblbs fmfvlt7 fob lfudbfyt,ekbf6 njj7 fy<br />

‘vt,b ,th’tybidbkt,bc ,j,jmhj,fc lfelut,f oby hfvt lfvjerblt,tkb cfmfhsdtykjc fityt,bc<br />

upfpt9= thsb xdtyc rkfcbrjc vothkt,pt b.j vo.hfkfl6 [jkj vtjht fa[fpt,c atimfifl<br />

vbfhsvtdlf lfvjerblt,kj,fc7 xdtyvf [tkbceakt,fv lhjpt bpheyf cf,be]tnj cf[cht,bc<br />

vbpfyvbvfhsekb vj[vfht,bcfsdbc7 fvbcb lfcnehbf peulblbc vthbbcf lf cfrht,ekjc itsfy-<br />

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vtjhbc lfcnehbc ufhtit uf[dhtnbkb ifehbfyc dth uf[fh]fdc7 itcf,fvbcfl gfce[bcvut,kj,fw<br />

jhv[hbdbf7 vfhnj lfztht,bs lf wb[tib xfcvbs cfmvtc dth ufvjdfcojht,s7 ufybfdt,ek sfy[fc<br />

fhfathb tidtkt,f6 vbs eahj _ vjwltybk lhjc6 xfult,ek cfmvtc7 fskfhbfyc<br />

dth f[ehlfdt,ty smdtyb ;ehyfkbc htcgjltynt,b7 vofht cbyfvldbktf6 vfuhfv afmnb7 fy<br />

cfl fhbc xf,ytkt,ekb mext,b6 mfkfmt,b6 cjakt,b9= tktmnhjtythubf6 hjujhw fhfclhjc6<br />

cf,tlybthjl hf [fybf ltabwbnehb fh fhbc vstkc cfmfhsdtkjib7 smdtyt,eh nthvbyc se<br />

vjdbidtkbt,6 2fvbcnj,fc3 lf 2bvbcnj,fc3 duekbc[vj,6 xdty vjyjkbsbcnt,b ufvjdlbdfhs6<br />

hfw eobyfhtcfl mdt.ybc vskbfyj,fc uekbc[vj,c7 tc vbudfxybf cfae’dtksf cfae’dkfl7<br />

vfcptf fityt,ekb vtht thbc acbmbrehb lf trjyjvbrehb vskbfyj,f7 ghtpbltynvf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib yjyuhfynfl ufvjfw[flf utythfkb xj,fyb7 bv gbhj,t,ib6 bv cbnefwbfib hjv<br />

fhf vb[tbk cffrfidbkbc gbhjdyekb cbvfvfwt6 itcf’kjf kjrfkehb rjyakbmnb vfcinf,eh<br />

lfgbhbcgbht,fib uflfphlbkb.j7 vjrktl6 uflfdhxbs hect,bwf lf mfhsdtkt,bw7<br />

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448


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uflflujvf vjbs[jdtc7 eahj cojhfl uffv;qfdytc bc evsfdhtcb6 hbc ufvjw ‘bkb /mjylfs<br />

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449


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450


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451


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452


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cbv,jkj=<br />

JH ‘B’FC IEF<br />

453


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466


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467


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468


gbhj,ff7 hfw itt[t,f aekfl fyfpqfeht,fc fv v[hbd [tkvjwfhekt,b dfhs7 fk,fs6 udtmyt,f<br />

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pfpf<br />

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ojyfv kfvbc at[pt vjcbfhekt v’jht,fl udfmwbf7 xtvsdbc rfhtnt evsfdhtcfl cekbthb lf<br />

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afctek j,t,c6<br />

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reknehbc<br />

itvrht, itvrht, cf[tkvobajl7 cf[tkvobajl7 cf[tkvobajl7 bm bm bm mfhsekb mfhsekb mfhsekb wtrdbc wtrdbc wtrdbc tktvtynt,b tktvtynt,b cf,h’kj cf,h’kj cf,h’kj [tkjdyt,bc [tkjdyt,bc tybs<br />

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xhlbkfc fhfdbc df.tyt,s6 thsb fdct,c vtjhtc6 vfuhfv 2rfhfnt-lj3 tc _ chek.jabkt,f7<br />

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yt,bcvbthb<br />

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itlfht,bs<br />

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ufvjcojht,bc<br />

469


ghjabkfmnbrf ghjabkfmnbrf _ _ rtltksfy rtltksfy at[ibidtkf at[ibidtkf lujvf6 lujvf6 vstkb vstkb c[tekbs c[tekbs vfcpt vfcpt vfcpt vbot,t,f6<br />

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njht,bw<br />

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fqcfphltkc7<br />

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vj’hfj,bc<br />

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470


AVE, CAESAR! _ IFDB MFVFHB FDFYCFL<br />

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fvbnjvfw<br />

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veint,c7<br />

veint,c7<br />

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ufphlfc<br />

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GUTTA LAPIDEM _ _ odtsb odtsb odtsb [dhtnc [dhtnc mdfc6 mdfc6 mdfc6 sfyfvbvltdhekb sfyfvbvltdhekb cb]bent cb]bent fvfhw[t,c<br />

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[dfktj7<br />

471


VTYWFHB<br />

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478


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479


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493


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494


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495


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496


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497


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498


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499


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500


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501


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503


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504


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lf vbe[tlfdfl thsudfhb ,e[•fknhekb wljvbkt,ff yflfhtbidbk- dfifrb-<br />

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wdtyf7<br />

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bynthtct,c fcf[tkt,c6 fye fa[fptsbc rjyakbmnc infnt,bcufy bycgbhbht,ekfl vbbxytdc lf fm ufvjhbw[ekb<br />

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dby j[thnbfkbcrty9<br />

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gbhbmbs6 bv ujubhlfcf lf reghib .eh.evtkfj,f t,tlybtht,f cfvutkc7<br />

fvbnjvfw lf v[jkjl fvbnjv tvntht,bfy zfdzfdf’tt,c vtnbc uffasht,bs obuysafhtit,b8<br />

fvbnjvfw lf v[jkjl fvbnjv feoborybs mjybs ufuktcbk ’fhqdt,c vbcb cfidbkbidbkj f,f-<br />

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zfj,bdbs6 itubhlj6 xtvj6 xfubshtdc lf lfuysmfdc sfdbc ecfpqdhj fvfphptyj,fib7<br />

lf hjltcfw ,tcbr vtc[bf cf.jdtksfj ,hfklt,bs cfvfhw[dbyj ,j’pt uffrhfdc yt,bcvbthb vtjnbc<br />

uflfudfht,ek vjv[dtztkj,fc6 vfs eibyffhcj-egthcgtmnbdj dfkfkc6 vfsb cekt,bc ufwfvndtht,fc<br />

eybfsj vjv[dtztkj,bs6 gfnhjabkehb [th[tvkbc ufcfqeyfl6 gfnhbjnekb cekbcrdtst,bc<br />

lfcfv[j,fl6 vfvekbcidbkehb vbcbbc fqcf[jwfl6 ,futc lfbvlevfhf lblb se gfnfhf6<br />

cfkjcb se ,h’tyb6 vfvfwb se kfxfhvf6 hflufyfw vfhsfkb rfwb mdfpt vfufhbf8<br />

505


tctyb dbc xfeulbf cfsdfkfdib6 hjwf sfdfl .tkufvjqflhekt,b lf vewtkufvjafnhekt,bw<br />

rb vjrevfdty it’hoeyt,ekb sdfkt,bc vtpj,kj,fib lfaxtybk gbht,c8<br />

cbvfhskt6 vrdtshb cbvfhskt itvechfdc thsbfyfl fsfct,bc epjvjl lfcfvrfekt,ek abnekt,c<br />

lf fhf itdfhlyf’t-yflfhtbidbkbc jvbcf lf vidblj,bc •fvktnehb .jayf-fh.jaybc vtlbnfwbf7<br />

v[jkjl jhvjwokbfy elf,yjtsib ufyovtylbkt,c t,j’t,fs mfyffyib itcdkbc ifycb6 vfuhfv<br />

tc upf cfrtybc vbcf,heyt,kbs lqtc cekluvekbcfsdbc jwyt,bc cfufybf vfhnjjlty6 lf hjvw<br />

vjf[th[jc bub abpbrehfl6 hjvw lfb,heyjc bfdfhmvybkb ae’tt,b fsfcthsupbc<br />

lfhoveyt,ekb dfh6 vfvjyfcvj.dfhtc fqfh vjtgjdt,f cfvij,kjc vrthlbs lfwdbc itcfn.dbcb itvfhsekt,f6<br />

kf,hfc se uevbcsfc gfpbwbt,sfy xf[jwbkb ,bzt,bc hrbybc uekbc yfnfvfkb lf vthfvltyt<br />

ufvj,ey’eht,bcsdbcff ufyobhekb vjhbub fxjxmjkt,bc ;fvc7<br />

vfuhfv tivfrbc ufrdfyzekc eafkb fotchbut,c cfcbrtsjl6 lf hflufyfw lfcf[ekbf ufyovtylbc<br />

cfvidbydtkb _ uflfhxtybc mdfres[tlfl6 dfkbrj vtc[bfc itujyt,fybw ervfhbf xdtyb fweywhert,ekb<br />

cekt,bc se .jdtklqbehb nbhenfhec ufcffyfkbpt,kfl8 hfsf ths[tkfw ufyijhltc<br />

ofhvfdfk o.fkc afctekb mdbif6 lf .jdtkbdtc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs6 dtqfhw fa[fptsbc<br />

ufysfdbceakt,bc gfhnbbc cf[tklf[tkj rht,bsj,f offlut,f cf,tlbfyjc vjvfdkbc [cyfc cf[cfh-cfiefkt,fl6<br />

dbyfblfy jmnjv,hbc cfgfhkfvtynj fhxtdyt,bc xfafhw[dbcsfyfdt xfw[ht,f<br />

vbcb gfstnbrehb [vbfyt,f6 jltcqfw ufpts 2rfdrfcbjyib3 ofvjchjkbkb vjojlt,bc vcfudcfl6<br />

cflfw fyikfubs fo.j,bkb 2uf[cjdltc fa[fptsb3 ifuhtybc n.fdbc sbkbcvehb rfyjypjvbtht-<br />

,bs ybfyublfy ]th dfhfyfl uflfbmwtdf _ elf,yjc iefktleh mdtofhvfdfkfl6 itvltu_ wthjltyf<br />

[dkbrfl cfk rkltpt hjv vbabw[t,bf vptc7<br />

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gjkbnbrehb gfhnbbc itmvyf6 hfqfw cfgfhkfvtynj vjs[jdybkt,fsf vfcfkf6 fhfvtl vbpfyvbvfhsekfl<br />

vtxdtyt,f hfqfw vj’hfj,f fv cbvhfdkbcfufy6 hfqfw vcdktkj,f thsb ityffhcbs6 thsb<br />

ltlffphbs6 vjudbfyt,bs 2aflffcj,fl3 ufwyj,btht,ekb xtvib7<br />

vfhskfw hfib eylf ofudlujvjlf flhtw lfuvj,bkb tmdcokbfyb ghfmnbrf _ hjwf lblbc<br />

cthbjpekj,bs abyfyclt,f fa[fptsbc cjakbc vtehytj,bc6 vhtodtkj,bcf lf nhfycgjhnbc cfvbybcnhjt,b6<br />

evbobo.kj [fk[bcfsdbc6 enthbnjhbj xbyjdybrt,bcfsdbc9<br />

fvudfhb ,enfajhbekb ibyffhcbs fa[fptsbc htfkeh lf,heyt,fpt cfe,fhb hjv bevjhbc<br />

stvff6 lfvtsfy[vt,b6 uekbc[vbthj6 itubhlj7<br />

cnhemneht,bc ityfhxeyt,f cfdfh’kt,bcfsdbc evfmybc qjybc’bt,fl vtcf[t,f rfpfy,fsf sfduflflt,ekb<br />

ghfmnbwbpvbc ajypt7 enthbnjhbj6 ltdybk [tkbceakt,fc vt fhfthsupbc vbdfybiyt<br />

byajhvfwbekb jvbc uffmnbehj,bcrty8 hjv .jdtkb ,thrtnb6 .jdtkb vjcfmwtd-vjcf,heyt,tkb<br />

lf itcf’kt,kj,f byajhvfwbekb ahjynbcrtyff vbcfvfhsb lf fm bylbdblefkehb vblujvt,b6<br />

cjkj ufkfimht,fyb bvgthbfkbpvbc ubufyneh vfymfyfcsfy6 vbc vfcvtlbfcsfy6 ho.bkbc lf cgbkjc<br />

ghjgjhwbt,bf8 hjv cfibyfj ufrdtsbkbc ljybcff yt,bcvbthb ge,kbrfwbf6 yt,bcvbthb ufgftmht,f6<br />

sfdfl ufvf[fhbt,bc6 vb,xefyt,bc6 ufcdbfyt,bc6 jnj,fbfsf6 yflfhtbidbkt,bc se c[dfsf6 dbyfblfy<br />

eybfsj ufvj[ljvbc [fcbfsbcff sbsjtekb8 fh uffxybf jhufybpt,ekj,bc ve[nb6 vfcinf,b lf<br />

lbfgfpjyb8 bubdt ’fqkbc lforveneyt,ff kfafhjcsfy6 hf;fvc ob[kbc itmytdbc itvltu relfvj-<br />

’et,ekb lft.eywt,f cfw[jdhbcbc vjijht,bs7<br />

vbsmdfvc lf dbvtjht,6 cfyfv byajhvfwbekb jvc fh cf[tkvobajt,hbdb vbybzt,bf6 vybidytkj,f8<br />

cfyfv byajhvfwbek ahjync fh ffmfhbi[kt,c chekbfl ltdybksf ’fkbc[vtdf6 jqjyl gfhnbbc<br />

rb fhf6 vj’hfj,bc6 vcdktkj,bc6 kfimhj,bc ibyffhcbs uf]tht,ekc8 sfyfw •fthib ufvjrblt,ekb<br />

evbofo.kj cfvbybcnhjt,bcfsdbc uf[fh]ekb kfht,bc fcb ghjwtynb dblht fyblfy •jtvlt<br />

byajhvfwbek jvc fh lftcfupkt,f6 fa[fptsbc chekafcjdfy lf,heyt,fpt abmhbw ptlvtnbf6<br />

wthwdbcf lf rtlkbc nhbdbfkehb nfyltvbf6 vj[th[t,ekb vo.tvcbc cfn.efhff _ uelfib xfcvekb<br />

rfnf w[dhbc afhbc itcfmwtdfl7 vtnbw6 byajhvfwbekb jvbs ofut,ekb6 dthfclhjc itbmytd<br />

vf[dbkc qbhctekfl6 dthfclhjc fe[bhlt,b leivfyc uffasht,bs6 dbyfblfy erdt qvthssfy ufsfyf,ht,ekb<br />

cbn.dbs [fh lf,fchekb7<br />

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]th cbn.dbth fhctyfkc fvj,thrtnfdty uekblfy _ mflbkbs6 vemfhbs itfh.tdty vjobyffqvltubc<br />

df;rfwj,bc ,fkfdht,c lf v[jkjl vthvt lfcw[t,ty thsvfytsc f,]fhbc ;qfheybs7<br />

tc .jdtkbdt acbmjkjubehb afmnjhbf7<br />

506


ufyf ecfibyktc e[ctyt,tkcfw vfubehb cbn.dbs fh fvjb.dfyc [dhtkbs cekvyfsb hecsdtkb9<br />

vfi6 hf ]fylf,f lfudnfrt,bf fv tzdvbenfytkb cb,h’ybc vakj,tkt,c6 se wsjvbkb nfmnbrf<br />

ufyut, vjudbvfh]dt,bf chekb lfvfhw[t,bc uffpht,ek obyfgbhj,fl9<br />

vjvfdfkb .dtkfathc uffw[flbcvbtht,cj6 bn.dbfy ie,kpt cfkjrb sbsbc cjrhfntctekb vb,-<br />

]tybs7 tc .jdtkbdt cfyfudtib uflfcf.htkb ths[tk fqvjxtybkb fvthbrff6 dbyfblfy vidtybdhfl vtvfh]dt,f<br />

stckblfy cfhut,kbfyb yf.jabc ofhvjcf[df7<br />

eafkbw cojhtl bvbcsdbc vjeojlt,c vhtdkc bamkbcufy qdfh’kbc ufvjcf[ibhfl6 hfvtse<br />

cfhtdtkfc ufvfhudkfc itcf’kjf et,fhbw tdyjc8 v[jkjl lfsfdsfdt,bc6 lfgeht,bc itvltu vbextyty<br />

sbsjtekc ufyresdybk flubkc7<br />

tc .dtkfathb wf,fjsbc [fnb _ flfvbfybcsdbcff lfotct,ekb6 lf fhf sfdfl vfw[jdhbcfsdbc6<br />

se vbc vbth w[t,eksfsdbc7 fct hjv6 vjvfdkbc vodthdfkt,bc itcfuh’yj,fl6 cflqtbcj trfk-<br />

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•jlf6 dbcrty fbqbhjc sfdb rfdrfcbjypt vb]fzdekvf cfmfhsdtkjc c[tekvf9=<br />

_ hectsbcrtyj9 _ lfd.j.vfylt,bs xdty7<br />

_ fvthbrbcrtyj9 _ vbdblhtrt,bs kthofvcfdbs7<br />

vt rb dfv,j,lb lf dbvtjht,6 itubhlj6 xtvj5<br />

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cfresfhb exbyfhb cbvfqktt,bcfrty6 hjvtkbw cflqtbcj zfj,bc vsdktvfht,bs lf.ehcekf6<br />

vfuhfv vfhubf hfvtc vfhnjlvfhnjv hjvw ufvbuj mfhfuvf tctf fsjhvtnsfufycfdbs9= hf lblb ,tltyff<br />

.jdtkbdt jltc vbktsb [fk[b dth itbuh’yj,c yfstk lqtvjvfdfkc fbcbc ufe,tlfdb sbst-<br />

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hfyfbhfl it’kt,c lfuht[bkb s[vtkt,bcufy ]th ufhfylekb abwht,bc lf vthvt vfsbs fodfhsekb<br />

jlf- cf[kt,bc ofhvjlutyfc6 hjwf lfhoveyt,ekbf veh.fyb vfktaezflb ’tkmdfcufy<br />

ufyc[dfdt,bs6 sevwf cfvb okbs o.fkib lf’bhekc6 yt,bcvbth vthmfypt vtnb ufv’ktj,f vjcltdc<br />

[jkvt6 evtwht,bcf hf dsmdfs sjhtv9=<br />

fy rbltd hjujh ’fktldfc stkfc yf,pfhib ufxhbk cjkbdbs cekufzbhlblt,ek cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

bv yfghfkblfy cfresfhb ’fkbc[vtdbs fvj[njvf9 tc [jv j,bdfntkbc eyf.jaj jwyt,ff6 bubdt<br />

mjyt,bthb rfwbc6 wfsf cfceatdtkib sbsbdbs ufkjrbkbc itcdkf cfresfhb yt,bs6 dbyfblfy<br />

mjyt,bthb vjhzvek vlujvfhtj,fc ertstcfl ittktdf6 dblht fmktvb_ ytvcbc .eyoib [tnbfkc8<br />

lf hflufyfw fvfjf vcufdc dbohj,ib ufqotdbc ghfmnbrekb itcf’kt,kj,fyb6 gbhib o.fklfue,t,ekb<br />

stdpbc pjlbfmjc gfnbvfhb cf[tkvobaj vj[tktyb6 dtqfhfahbs uftmwtdbfy cf,fc vbth<br />

jmhjl vbxytek levbkc7<br />

fm bctd c[df vfcfkf-ytlktekb fqbvfqkt,c [vfc6 ltlbc obfqblfy ve[fl6 ’tkmdfldt ij,bkyb6<br />

fy erblehtc itvs[dtdfib dbsfht,bcufy s[vtkfcfdbs o.fkib lf.jdyt,bs uf’tkmdt,ekyb6 uf[trjh’t,ekyb6<br />

c[df hjrsfufy yfsfk-yfxjhryb6 vtcfvij,kj utybcfyb cbn.dbs lf cfmvbs lf fhfdbsfh<br />

itvs[dtdfib _ wfk-wfkrt6 ufyrth’jt,bs6 bubdt ]tvfk ufvf[fhbfyb se ujub ufxtxbkf’tt,b6<br />

ufvjecojht,tkb vjwbmekyb vfhflbekb vtfv,j[t cekbc vfnfht,tkb gfnhjabkbbcf _<br />

vfvekbc ,tlbcf lf e,tlj,bc zbhbceakt,fl hjv itudbhfw[fdc stdljht ,thbdbs6 mtstdfy ltljafkcfdbs6<br />

wjnyt lflbfybdbs6 s[bc h’bs cekbc itvjyf[ek cfmfhsdtkjc vtzehzktse[ewtccfdbs6<br />

sfdbceakt,bc upfpt erfyfcrytkb vc[dthgkbc vf’bt,tk ubf f,tcf’tcfdbs6 se ghtpbltyn<br />

pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc vcufdcfl6 fcthufcb lqbs ofhqdybkb cekt,c ]j]j[tsbcufy hjv<br />

ufvjbnfwt,c6 cfvjs[bctekb ufypjvbkt,t,bc cfcfhut,kjl bctd lf bctd7<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobaj cf[tkvobaj rjywtawbf<br />

rjywtawbf<br />

2cfmfhsdtkjc ufthsbfyt,fvlt ]th mfhsekb vothkj,f eylf ufdfthsbfyjsj37 _ ,h’fyt,c<br />

,fnjyb sfvfp obdobdf’t cfvtuhtkjib bkbf zfdzfdf’bcflvb vb’qdybk cfbe,bktj ptbvpt lf fv<br />

cbn.dt,bc w[jdht,fib lfe[fyt,tkb ufy[jhwbtkt,f vstkb cbv’fahbs ofhvjxbylt,f ,jkjlhjbyltkb<br />

2kbnthfnehekb3 ,fnfkbt,bc itvltu7<br />

lbf[6 cfmfhsdtkjc ufthsbfyt,fc oby eylf ecoht,ltc vothkj,bc ufthsbfyt,f6 dbfyblfy<br />

hjltcfw qvthssfy ufbubdt,ekb cbn.df iefptf uf.jabkb6 .jdtkudfhb vthvbyltkb sthfgbf<br />

507


se rjcvtnbrf o.kbc fvfj yf.dff xdtyb uf[ktxbkb wyj,btht,bc itcfrfdibht,kfl7 vfuhfv cfmvt<br />

eahj hsekfl fhbc6 hjujhw tc thsb it[tldbs vjxfyc7 ghj,ktvf fbc,thuekbf lf vbc<br />

vrdktdfhc sfd,helfv[dtd vjhtdib udfhbfyb xf.dbysdf •vfhst,c ufycfc]tkb cfuybc rjyneht,bc<br />

chek.jabkb vj[tkst,bcfsdbc7<br />

lfdbo.js bkbfc ajhvekbs5 vfvekb6 tyf6 cfhoveyjt,f ~lf rbh,bct,b`7 se vjdbidtkbt,s vfstvfnbrehb<br />

fyfkbpbc vtsjlc6 tc lt,ekt,f itvltuyfbhfl ufvjbcf[t,f5 A+B+C+D=S6 cflfw gbhj-<br />

,bsfl A _ vfvekbf6 B _ tyf6 C _ cfhoveyjt,f lf D_ ujybdhekb vj’hfj,ff6 bubdt<br />

itesfdct,kbc itsfdct,bc vbpfycohfae- kj,bs cbfhekb7 [jkj vfsb cbystpehb itleqf,t-<br />

,bs vbqt,ekbf S - b _ cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobajt,hbj,f6 yfobkbcf lf vstkbc ufvfthsbfyt,tkb<br />

cblblt vtjht fsfcoktekbc vboehekc $#-$@ rdflhfnib utjuhfabekb gfhfvtnht,bs lf<br />

fvfdlhjekfl vstkb rfwj,hbj,bc epflj c[tekbc vityt,tkb thsb e]htlb7 ~e]htlbs<br />

itcf’kt,tkb [lt,f erdt gbhjdyt,bc fqlutyf6 hfcfw rkjybht,fcfw t’f[bfy7`<br />

f[kf ufydb[bkjs njkj,bc jhbdt yfobkb wfk-wfkrt se hfc ofhvjflutyc sbsjtekb6 hf<br />

cblbltt,bc itvwdtkbf5<br />

A _ vfvekb = mfhskc + rf[tsb + cfvw[t]fdf[tsb+ aifd-[tdcehtsb+cdfytsb + cfvtuhtkj +<br />

bvthtsb + uehbf + hfzf-ktx[evb+ cfvfxf,kj + fa[fptsb + fzfhf6 fye lqtdfyltk xfhxjt,ib<br />

vjmwtekb nthbnjhbf cfthsfijhbcj fqbfht,bs6 vbe[tlfdfl ctgfhfnbcnekb ufylujvt,bcf7<br />

A _ vfvekb dth bmyt,f chek.jabkb6 serb hjvtkbvt rjvgjytynb fvjdfhlt,f fv otchbublfy7<br />

B _ tyf mfhsekb = mfhskehc + cdfyehb + vtuhekb + .dtkf rbkjrfdb5 rf[eh-uehekbvthek-vtc[eh-]fdf[eh-ktx[eveh-aifd-[tdcehek-seiehb5<br />

v[jkjl fv itvs[dtdfib itb’tyc<br />

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508


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509


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510


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511


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_ FHF FHF FHF /MVYT /MVYT SFDBCF SFDBCF ITYCF ITYCF RTHGB6 RTHGB6 FHWF FHWF >JDKFLDT >JDKFLDT >JDKFLDT VCUFDCB6 VCUFDCB6 HFJLTYB HFJLTYB FHC FHC FHC WFSF<br />

WFSF<br />

IBYF IBYF IBYF PT6 PT6 LF LF HFJLTYB HFJLTYB FHC FHC MDT>FYFCF MDT>FYFCF PTLF-MDT6 PTLF-MDT6 PTLF-MDT6 LF LF HFJLTYB HFJLTYB FHC FHC O>FKSF O>FKSF O>FKSF IBYF IBYF IBYF MDTIT<br />

MDTIT<br />

MDT>FYFCF5 MDT>FYFCF5 FHF FHF SF>DFYB-CWT SF>DFYB-CWT VFS VFS LF LF LF FHWF FHWF VCF[EHJ,LT VCF[EHJ,LT VFS VFS _ udvj’qdhfdc eafkseafkb6<br />

vfuhfv xfcfaht,ekb vtabcnjatkb fvudfhb cbcbybs udbi[fvfdc ueyt,fc5<br />

_ lbfqfw it•mvty sfdcf itycf rthgb6 ufhyf .jdkfldt vcufdcyb hfjltyb fhc wfsf ibyf pt<br />

lf hfjltyb fhc mdt.fyfcf ptlf mdt lf hfjltyb fhc o.fksf ibyf mdtit mdt.fyfcf5 ufyflblt bcbyb<br />

,ho.bydfkt,bsf chekbsf lf lbfqfw tvcf[ehtb vfssfj7 _ ztivfhbnfl6 itubhlj xtvj6<br />

rthgb6 atnbib6 cfvrfekb6 ,hz.dbfkf ybdst,b777 qhqyblf lf qhqybc xdtyc cekt,c6 dbyfblfy<br />

evtwht,blfy vjlbc .jdtkb ecekjc _ vpbc6 vsdfhbc6 vjkjmbc777 ufqdsbeht,f6 hfvtse cfresfhb<br />

’fkt,b ereult,ekbf fv ghjwtcib7<br />

flfvbfybc nrbdbkt,b lf cb[fhekb6 ityb cfkjwfdb6 itubhlj xtvj7 wbdbkbpfwbf6 vfhsfkbf6<br />

rec yf,b]t,bs6 vfuhfv jltcvt esejl vbdf fv ituyt,fvlt7 e,hfkjl vfc c[df upf fhf fmdc7<br />

tc .jdtkbdt6 cbwjw[kbc6 w[jdht,bc abkjcjabblfy6 cfv.fhjc kjubrblfy ufvjczdbdbc6 hfvtse<br />

f,cnhfmnekb o.kekbcsdbc rb fhf6 lfcyt,jdyt,ekb flfvbfybcsdbc bmvyt,f ofvfkb6 vfkfvj7<br />

fctsbf eptyftcb vbpybc cbketnb lf lbfktmnbrblfy ufvjvlbyfht vcjakbjv hfvltybw<br />

eylf uflfe[dbjc fy,fyeh ztivfhbnt,fc6 flht se udbfy6 ewbkj,kfl efh.jac sdbc cfvfhw[dbyj<br />

evtwht,fc7<br />

ufmfyt,ekb efphj,ff sfdcf ptlf rthgbc itmvyf6 hflufyfw vfsb fqptdt,bs cfresfh eyfht,c<br />

fmdtcrytkt,6 ity rb vtlbevb [fh w[jdtkehcf lf qdsft,hbdc ijhbc6 fye evtwht,fcf lf<br />

vtywfhj,fc ibufy7 ity [jv itesfdct,kbc itvsfdct,tkb umdbf9= ity yf,b]-yf,b] uflfflubklt,b<br />

,ytkblfy yfstkbcrty6 itybdt ’fkt,bc hovtyf-fvjmvtlt,bc vtj[t,bs lf hflufyfw flfvbfybc<br />

ertstcb [dfkbylkj,bcsdbc fubqthbf sfdb6 lf hflufyfw pjuflrfwj,hbekbc obycdkbcsdbc<br />

itvfhsek[fh ybflfu6 dthfdby ofvjuf’f[t,c5 flfvbfyb ufe[lbf rthgflj6 lf hjvw<br />

ofvjuf.hfynfkjy eakbc se vfwbkbc cf[tkbs vcufdcb cf.dtlehb6 ity vj.dfcbc cb.dfhekbcsdbc<br />

lfathakdf ufufvfhstkt,c6 hfvtse c[dfybw vcufdcfldt byfwht,bfy6 lf cf,jkjj ]fvib<br />

ehsbthsnhabfkbcsdbc vjqdfotsf cfpjufljt,f sfdfl qvthsc lftnjkt,f6 hjujhw cb.-<br />

515


dfhekbc lf sfyflujvbc ’fhqdt,bs vjmcjdbkb ufye.jatkb vstkb7<br />

VWYT,F VTCFVT5<br />

_ _ FHF FHF VJBQJ VJBQJ CF[TKB CF[TKB EAKBCF EAKBCF ITYBCF ITYBCF FVFJCF FVFJCF PTLFJ PTLFJ6 PTLFJ _ ,h’fyt,c ptwbthb6 hfsf<br />

aezb afctekj,t,bc v’t,ytkc wf,fjsbc itoe[t,bs cbylbcb fh lfubvidblltc6 vbs eahj hf-<br />

;fvc6 tivfrtekb xdtekb w,btht,bs cfcsevfksfy vbcxjxt,bf ityc viajsdfht ’bkc [tk-at[bc<br />

vjcfrheyx[fl5<br />

_ vjbqt cf[tkb ityb eakbcf itybcf fvfjcf ptlfj6 _ lf fm ewbkt,tkbf elfcfchekj<br />

utybbc ztivfhbnt,f6 dbyfblfy ifdbc stshfl ufcfqt,f6 fy [tytibc cf[bthfl ofhvjcf[df _ pehuib<br />

lfybc xfwtvff cfidbkbidbkj cfmvtsfsdbc lf vtnbw6 jltc vhelb vjyfskekbf vfhst-<br />

,ekfl8 jltc ujy]b [tklfc[vekbf vptseyf[fdfl8 jltc vtbhj[fyb udfhudfct,c xdtyc cekt,ib6<br />

j]f[t,ib6 mfkfmt,cf lf cf[tkvobajt,ib8 jltc ’ytklt,f ufhxtdf vfhskbcf lf vn.edfybcf6<br />

jltc rtsbkb lf ,jhjnb ths cf,elfhib vrdblhj,ty lf hjvftkt,bc jhcf[jdfyb qvthsb<br />

bfyecb wfkgbhff6 jhb ,eyt,bc vybq,fdb8 jltc vltlhb lf vfvhb fqhtekbf thsvfytsib8 jltc<br />

stjkjubehb fhnf[t,b ufbubdt,ekbf ztivfhbnt,bc vf’bt,tk wyj,btht,fcsfy lf lfvw[hfkb<br />

gkfytnf eahj vtnfl tkdfht,c6 dblht bhvbc yf[njvbc ltlfaenrfhb vyfsj,b _ hf8 jltc<br />

vtbhj[fyb fyfvwtwt,c vfvekbidbkbcf lf jhuekbc6 vcjakbj vjmfkfmbcf lf vbpfynhjgbc<br />

ajhvf-ibyffhcc6 sfdb fvf.fl fcobt ztivfhbnt,bc lfcflutyfl lf vtlbfnjhfl6 iefrfwfl ij-<br />

,bkj ’tj6 .dtkf lf,hrjkt,f erelut,f itybc cekbc cfrfirfijl7<br />

VWYT,F VTJS[T5<br />

_ VJB[CTYBT VJB[CTYBT LQT LQT BUB BUB IF,FSB IF,FSB LF LF OVBYLF OVBYLF />FD />FD />FD BUB5 BUB5 BUB5 TMDC TMDC TMDC LQTC LQTC BMVJLT BMVJLT LF LF /MVTY /MVTY<br />

/MVTY<br />

VFS VFS IBYF IBYF >JDTKBDT >JDTKBDT CFMVT CFMVT ITYB6 ITYB6 [JKJ [JKJ [JKJ LQT LQT BUB BUB VTIDBLT VTIDBLT _ _ IF,FSB IF,FSB _ _ FHC FHC EAKBCF<br />

EAKBCF<br />

QDSBCF QDSBCF ITYBCF ITYBCF6 ITYBCF _ udbztlt,c ujyt,fib vteat xdtyb6 [jkj obyrfhsfydt xfcfaht,ekb kewbathb6<br />

bmtlyehfl bqbvbc lf zbfyfzfv r,bkt,ib fvyfbhfl ufvjcwhbc5<br />

_ lfbdbo.t lqt bub if,fsb lf of•,bkot tc lqt vwjyfhj,bsf chekbsf itybsf6 euekt,tk.jabsf<br />

.jdtksf itysf cfmvtsf6 [jkj lqt bub vtidblt if,fsb fv;fvfl rdbhfl hjv<br />

vjb[ctybt,f6 u7j7— lqtb vfwbkbcf itybcf6 lfihbnt ztivfhbnsf itysf cfmvtsfsdbcj6 _ ity<br />

rb fv jh itujyt,fc ijhbc uf[bhekc6 .jdtksdbc6 eylf uf[cjdltc lhjbc afcb6 hjvtkbw<br />

fhfclhjc itxthlt,f6 seylfw thsb oesbs6 lf .jdtksdbc vpfl eylf b.j ufyeo.dtntkb<br />

mvtlt,f-ufhbylt,bcsdbc6 hjv veifj,f lf vjcdtyt,f lqt-qfvtcfdbs tyfwdkt,jltc thsvfytsc<br />

ityb ,bjhbnvt,bc yjhvfkehb aeymwbjybht,bcsdbc6 vj’hfj,f lf it.jdyt,f6 vcdktkj,f<br />

lf lfdfyt,f eo.dtn ]fzdfl eylf cltdltc ityb fhct,j,bc cnbkc7<br />

VWYT,F VT[EST5<br />

_ GFNBDB-TW GFNBDB-TW VFVFCF VFVFCF ITYCF ITYCF LF LF LTLFCF LTLFCF ITYCF6 ITYCF6 HFSF HFSF RTSBKB RTSBKB UT>JC UT>JC UT>JC ITY ITY LF LF LQTU-<br />

LQTU-<br />

H’TKB H’TKB B>DT B>DT MDT>FYFCF MDT>FYFCF PTLF6 PTLF6 _ udfvpbfyt,c mdt.ybc itvjmvtlb6 [jkj wblfy xfvjyfhw[t,ekb<br />

cfsfyftkb _ cfnfyf rdkfdfw vfwlehj,bs itvjudxtybf5<br />

_ gfnbdb f•.fht vfvfcf itycf lf ltlfcf itycf6 hfsf rtsbk ut.jc ity lf lqtuh’tkb b.j<br />

mdt.fyfcf ptlfj6 _ lf flfvbfybw sbsmjc fv erfyfcrytkbc vbvltdhj,fibf vstkb ituyt,ekb<br />

w[jdht,f7 frb fhcsfufvhbut6 wfkcf[fl vbudfybiyt,c xdtyc evfleh ,eyt,fc6 hjwf fw[flt,c5<br />

flfvbfysf yfibthc idbkt,bc gfnhjyj,f rb dfcofdkt6 vfuhfv6 fb6 vij,kt,bcf _ dthfahbsj7<br />

xdty ujlht,c doyfds vj[ewb ltl-vfvbcsdbc6 hjwf dfhlbcath xdbkt,c uekib db[ent,s lf<br />

vfsb zbyzt,bc cehytkbs uf,het,ekt,c udfdbo.lt,f hfvltybvt fstekb okbc oby fct [fhj,lyty<br />

xdtybsfw7 [jkj cfvfhskbfyj,f vjbs[jdc yfjzvhfdfk lf ve[kvjcecnt,ek vij,kt,c<br />

vtnb gfnbdb vbdfujs6 eahj cekuh’tkt,b db.js vfsb f[bht,ekj,t,bc se vfhfpvekb ujyt,fcbcecnbc<br />

vbvfhs6 hjujhb cekuh’tkj,bsfw vbdentdt,s [jkvt jyfdht,c lfechekt-<br />

,tk fywj,t,c7 obyffqvltu itvs[dtdfib w[jdht,f rfhufdc vbpfyc fye lfudb,heyt,c bvfdtc6 hfcfw<br />

dstcfds7<br />

vij,kbcsdbc ufqt,ekb cbrtst-vflkbs lf]fdiyt ityb epheydtkb cb,tht6 itubhlj6 xtvj6<br />

516


fctsbf cfvfhskbfyj,bc uflfcf[tlb8<br />

fbccf lf lfbcc ijhbc6 ufysbflcf lf cfqfvjc ijhbc6 xdbkcf lf v[wjdfyc ijhbc vjmwtekb<br />

ityb lfvfidhfkb cekb sfyf,hfl vbbnfyt jh cfkjwfdsfy _ idbksfy lf vij,tksfy lf<br />

ityw erbltufyj erdlfdt,fc tpbfht,b7<br />

VWYT,F VTTMDCT5<br />

_ FHF FHF RFW-/RKF6 RFW-/RKF6 _ rfntujhbekbf eakbc yt,f6 sevwf s[bcxkbmt,f vftcnhj ’dtkt,ehfl<br />

mbhmbkt,c5<br />

_ •rfk rfwb ecfpvjl lf vbcb fcfdfk-lfcfdfkb lfyfwht vhfdfkupbcj6 _ bqvbyzt,f lf<br />

rfwj,hbj,f lqtvlt wbdbkbpt,ekb rfyb,fkbc ]bibcff5 hectsib _ w[hf uhfvb n.dbf6 cfahfyutsib<br />

_ ubkbjnbyf6 fvthbrfib _ tktmnhjyekb crfvb6 c[dfufy _ ufcfyskekb sjrb<br />

lf eahj ijhtekb ofhcekblfy _ ’tkpt ufcvf fylhbxbc hflbcfdcfdbs se ,fv,erbc fvjyf.fhpt<br />

ofvjcregt,f fvjvfdfkb vpbc mdt.fyfib7<br />

vtjwt cfereybc cfmfhsdtkjc rfyjyitvjmvtlt,fc sbsbw hjv fh ufty’hbf6 flfvbfybc cbwjw[kbc<br />

[tk.jabc kbrdblfwbf thjdyekb cekbtht,bc ptbvfl itb’kt,f ufw[flltc7 flfvbfybc<br />

w[jdht,bc kjubrehb abyfkb vfhfpvekb cbrdlbkbcrty cohfadff6 cflfw bub sfdbcb ufydkbkb<br />

oesbcjakbc htnhjcgtmnbdbs cf,jkjjl vc]fdhlt,ek•.jac cfresfh wsjvbkt,t,c<br />

lf fvltyfl ufyovtylbkb e,heylt,f cfv.fhjc cfijc6 hjujhw iteh.dytkb ufypjvbkt,f8 [jkj<br />

tuhts ojlt,ekb lfc]bsb vtsjlbs tc ghjwtcb f,cjkenehfl buyjhbht,ekbf5<br />

]th thsb6 xdty rjktmnbehb ,jhjnt,f xfdblbyts uf,fohekb vc[dthgkbc obyfit6 lfyfifekbc<br />

[fhbc[c ,jvjyfl itdcobhts vbcb abpbjyjvbf6 vbcb rbchbcf lf nfybc thsj,f7 evtwht-<br />

,bs ujyt,fvjofvkekc fh lfdenjdts vjyfybt,bc ifycb7 flfvbfybc cbwjw[kbc ofhsvtdbs bylbdblbcfufy<br />

vjlbc tc se cfpjufljt,bcfufy6 xdty eptyftcbc obyffqvltu fqdvfhsfds [tkc6<br />

hflufyfw thsb rfwbc vjrdlbyt,bs dfyflueht,s vbkbjyt,c vbcb isfvjvfdkt,bc cf[bs7<br />

fhf fhf rfw rfw •rkf6 •rkf6 tc evsfdhtcb gjcnekfnbf fs cfrhfkeh vwyt,fl lfyfobkt,ek qdsbeh<br />

ghjuhfvfib6 hjujhw chek.jabkt,bc cfo.fjib xfc[vekb ptlfit6 hflufyfw .dtkf itujyt,f<br />

fv evsfdhtcb qth’bc ufhitvj nhbfkt,c6 dbyfblfy fhct,j,c flfvbfybc chekb lf yfobkj,hbdb<br />

ufyflueht,f8 chekb vbcb abpbrehb ufmhj,ff7 [jkj yfobkj,hbd fsfcyfbhfl<br />

rdlt,f bub odts-odtsfl5 iehbs6 cb’dbs6 wbkbcofvt,bs6 ,jhjnt,bs7 fdvjcfmvt flfvbfyb lffdflt,ekbf<br />

v[twbc bvgekcbs7 lfvyfifdbc bpjkbht,f6 vbcb cekbthb ufyrehyt,bc itvltu vjyfybt,f<br />

lf ufyovtylf ufwbkt,bs vtnb cfc]tkbf6 dbytv _ ubkbjnbyf6 tifajnb se rjwjyb7<br />

VWYT,F VTIDBLT5<br />

_ FHF FHF BVHEIJ BVHEIJ6 BVHEIJ _ itedfkbf eakbc ufyut,f6 hjwf cfsfyftkb gbhbmbs5<br />

_ bvheit fqdbhf[cybs lf fqbdct ,bobtht,bsfj6 _ udtmdtimdtit,f7<br />

vtjwt cfereyt rb ctmcbc reknc ufvjfw[flt,c evsfdhtc afctekj,fl7 afkbrehb ,evb vechfdc<br />

ltlfvbobctek wbdbkbpfwbfc7 eafkseafkvf cjljvc lf ujvjhc mdtcrytkib lfysmfdc<br />

ufereqvfhst,ekb w[jdht,bc otcbc ufvj7 [jkj ve/fvtl obyfcofhvtn.dtkc se dthoveyt,bs6<br />

mfkc eptyftcb udb,j’t,c xdtysf cfwvtkfl6 hjujhw vfvfrfwb _ vltlhc6 vfuhfv ufew[jdt,f6<br />

cfresfh yfzezib ufvjrtndf lf njkthfynekb ,eyt,bc bfdfhmvyf fb’ekt,c iblcbc utyvfnfht,tk<br />

vfvfsvfdkeh rfcnfc fyufhbib ufeobjc sdbs gfhkfvtynvfw rb ghtpbltyn mkbysjybc<br />

lfcneh-kfvfkbs lf behblbekb fhct,j,f vbe,j’jc6 hjvtksfy itlfht,bs tudbgnehb6<br />

’dtkfstyehb se hjvfekb epytj,fyb pqdfib odtsbf7<br />

lqtc 2wbcathbc3 [vfvfqfkb [ctyt,f hfqfw atvbybyehc6 hfqfw vltlhekc lfrfdibht,bf<br />

cfresfhb cfo.bct,bc efhv.jatkb rfwj,hbj,bc yfobkbcufy lf cfdfkfkjl vtkjlhfvekb<br />

rbyjktynt,bw rb t’qdyt,f fctsb nbgt,bc w[jdht,fib lfvrdblht,fc7<br />

xdty rb dfqbfht,s6 itubhlj xtvj6 fhfathbf eahj fvfphptyb6 dbytv cfresfhb ,eyt,bc qfkfnb7<br />

thsflthsb flfvbfybc cmtcbc ufhrdtdbcfcf dth ufvjudlujvbf 2fehtf vtlbjrhbnfc3 _<br />

jmhjc iefktlb6 dbyfblfy cfiefkj cmtcb lfwbydff qvthsbc vbth cfresfh [fnfl lf cf[tl<br />

itmvybkb flfvbfybc vjvfdkbcflvb7<br />

vidtybthbf mfkb _ pqdbc mfablfy ij,bkb fahjlbnfc vtsfehj,bs lf lblt,ekbf ytvt-<br />

517


c kjvt,bc vjvisj,b6 fdubfc sfdkt,bc ufvycgtnfrt,tkb •thfrkt6 hjvtkbw jhvjw mfkoekc<br />

lffcfxemht,c lqt-qfvtib ltakjhvfwbbs7<br />

cfresfhb ,eyt,bc vfmcbvfkehb ityfhxeyt,f vfhfpvfvlt6 fctsbf ztivfhbnb vfvhbcf lf<br />

vltlhbc [dtlhb wbcmdtitsib6 [jkj sfdfl fv jhb atyjvtybc ehsbthsj,fc jltc eptyftcb<br />

cb.dfhekbc asbkf ofhvfhsfdc6 flfvbfybc fhct,j,fw cojhfl vjthut,f vij,kbehb<br />

rjcvjcbc obfqc7<br />

VWYT,F VTHDT5<br />

_ FHF FHF BGFHJ6 BGFHJ6 _ udb.b;byt,c vtcbf6 lf bmdt iehbs lf utckbs lfntybkb fhbvfyb byrjhyfwbbcfc<br />

itvltub ghbpvbs ofhvjfxtyc itvjmvtlbc itujyt,fc5<br />

_ bgfht ufyerbs[fdfl lf bv’kfdht sdbcnjv mdhbd-j,jksf ptlfj6<br />

xdty rb rerecbc ghjatcbbc vhfdfkcf[tj,f6 rktgnjvfyehb xdtekt,fyb uekc hjv udbqflhfdc<br />

]b,tib ’hjvbfkblfy lfo.t,ekb bltbc vbvsdbct,kj,bs lfvsfdht,ekb6 lfvfv[j,tkbf<br />

.dtkf vbvfhsekt,bs6 dbyfblfy vjgfhdf6 cfresfhb ’fkt,bc buyjhbht,ff6 hjujhw rthgbc sf.dfybcwtvff7<br />

c[dbcb fphbc fdnjvfnehb uflvjnfyf sfdbc vjn.et,fcsfy thsfl vrht[tkj,fwff6<br />

vfuhfv se tc fphb f[fk cbyfvldbktc ofhvjmvybc ityc cekbtht,fib6 lbfktmnbrehbf7 .dtkfpt<br />

ev’kfdhtc rjvgbenthc se rjcvjceh [jvfklc ,jh,kbc fqvjvxtyb rfwbc utybf vbfcohfat,c<br />

ijhtsib7 tc .jdtkbdt eo.dtnb ]fzdbc hujkbf6 fyblfy •jtvlt6 ljlfy ljvlt7 fvbnjvfw<br />

cbohatkbc6 cbvfhskbc obyfit6 hjvtkbw ztivfhbnt,bc evhotvtcb lfbff7<br />

VWYT,F VTW[HT5<br />

_ FHF FHF WBKB WBKB COFVJ COFVJ VJ>DFCCF VJ>DFCCF ITYCF ITYCF FQEHBW[DTKFL FQEHBW[DTKFL OFVT,BSF OFVT,BSF WHESFSFJ7<br />

WHESFSFJ7<br />

_rfntujhbekbf ptyffhb6 fhbvfyb rb next,pt le;vjhtekb ,jhufdc6 lf cecnb yt,bc.jabc<br />

flfvbfybw sdfkc e[ezfdc vj’vbc uekmfhskj,fc6 uekifdbfj fw[flt,c ehw[dfl8<br />

gfnhjabkj,f6 vcjakbj vjmfkfmtj,bc vrdt,fdb ve[nb hjv uf[kfds6 ghjdbywbekb afibpvbf<br />

vfdfybc vtn.dtkt,bs7 eahj vtnbw6 s[bc relb ’hj[bcfl cfqlt,f lf gbhbmbs6 relf<br />

[fht,b lfztlbkb ujv,tijt,bdbs xdtyw yf[bh-yf[bhj6 obmfht,bc rdfklfrdfk ufyephf[fds<br />

qjqbfkb8 vfuhfv lblbf eakbc ufyut,f6 bubdt cfresfhb cbylbcbc rfhyf[b lf cfvfhskbfyj-<br />

,bc v[ehdfkt mjvfub jltcvt lfuvj,c ybqf,f[lbk gbhvhelj,fc5 sevwf w[jdht,bc vfnfht-<br />

,tkb uffcoht,c cf,hfkjc6 lf sfdfl utybjcbc udbhudbybw vjyjvf[bc ufhitvjothbkj,bcf fqvjxylt,f<br />

vbcsdbc7 •jlf6 uekbc[vbthj itubhlj xtvj6 fhf wbkb cofvj vj.dfccf itycf ofvt,bsf<br />

whesfsf6 eahjht bvbnjv _ eobyfhtcfl ityib fh lfvrdblhltc c[dbcsdbc ufyohatkt-<br />

,ekb bc i[fvb lf cfvcfkf=<br />

VWYT,F VTFST5<br />

_ FHF FHF UEKB UEKB UTSMVBLTC UTSMVBLTC WJKBCSDBC WJKBCSDBC VJ>DFCBCF VJ>DFCBCF ITYBCF6 ITYBCF6 FHF FHF UEKB UEKB UEKB UTSMVBLTC<br />

UTSMVBLTC<br />

CF[KBCF CF[KBCF VJ>DFCBCF VJ>DFCBCF ITYBCF6 ITYBCF6 FHWF FHWF >FYBCF >FYBCF VBCBF6 VBCBF6 FHWF FHWF VJYBCF VJYBCF VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 FHWF FHWF V[TDKB-<br />

V[TDKB-<br />

CF CF VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 FHWF FHWF [FHBCF [FHBCF VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 FHWF FHWF RFHFEKBCF RFHFEKBCF VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 FHWF FHWF FHWF >JDKBCF >JDKBCF CFW[JD-<br />

CFW[JD-<br />

HBCBCF HBCBCF VBCBCF6 VBCBCF6 FHWF FHWF >JDKBCF >JDKBCF VBCSDBC6 VBCSDBC6 HFBW HFBW B>JC B>JC VJ>DFCBCF VJ>DFCBCF ITYBCFJ6 ITYBCFJ6 ITYBCFJ6 _ fqudfyst,c<br />

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518


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519


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520


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521


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