download - UvA DARE

More documents

Recommendations

Info

data are valuable, especially for their cross-national and cross-temporal coverage, but these data appear to yield the least consistent measures of party Left-Right positions. 11 We want to acknowledge Steffen Blings of Cornell University who calculated these government scores. 12 The significant deviations are Belgium, Brazil, Italy and New Zealand. 13 For a discussion of party system polarization, its measurement and effects see Dalton (2008, 2010). We also considered the effective number of electoral parties (ENEP) as a correlate of pre/post-election differences. The ENEP is not significantly related to the absolute difference of pre/post-governments (r = .07), which further indicates that it is the diversity of parties not their numbers that affects governmental change in Left-Right terms. 14 Although we generally find close agreement between voters and their parties in Left- Right terms, the parties at both poles tend to hold more ideological positions than their voters. So governments of the Left and Right are also likely to be more ideological than their own supporters. Appendix: List of country abbreviations And Andorra Arg Argentina Aul Australia Bel Belize Bra Brazil BuF Burkina Faso Bul Bulgaria Can Canada Col Colombia Cyp Cyprus Cze Czech Republic Den Denmark Eth Ethiopia Fin Finland Fra France Ger Germany Gha Ghana Hun Hungary Ice Iceland Indo Indonesia Ire Ireland Ita Italy Jap Japan Jor Jordan the dynAmIcs of PolItIcAl rePresentAtIon / 37
Mex Mexico Mol Moldova, Republic Of Mor Morocco Msia Malaysia Net Netherlands Nor Norway NZ New Zealand Per Peru Pol Poland Por Portugal Rom Romania Rus Russian Federation SAfr South Africa Serb Serbia SKor Korea, Republic Of Slvk Slovakia Slvn Slovenia Spa Spain Swe Sweden Swi Switzerland Tai Taiwan Tha Thailand Tri Trinidad & Tobago Tur Turkey UK United Kingdom Ukr Ukraine Uru Uruguay US United States Viet Viet Nam Zam Zambia dAlton / fArrell / mcAllIster / 38
Page 1 and 2: how Democracy works Political Repre
Page 4 and 5: how Democracy works Political Repre
Page 6 and 7: Preface / 7 tAble of contents / 5 T
Page 8 and 9: Preface There are many good reasons
Page 10 and 11: 1 How Democracy Works An Introducti
Page 12 and 13: tion to the advocates of participat
Page 14 and 15: democracy has not increased accordi
Page 16 and 17: is weakest for the model that is do
Page 18: citizens do not blindly hold govern
Page 22 and 23: 2 The Dynamics of Political Represe
Page 24 and 25: tors elected from the district, and
Page 26 and 27: ship appears ineffective, voters ma
Page 28 and 29: Previous analyses show that almost
Page 30 and 31: ernments. Leftist publics generally
Page 32 and 33: ingly different from the previous f
Page 34 and 35: mean that when voters do change cou
Page 36 and 37: or the German SDP under Gerhard Sch
Page 40 and 41: 3 Approaching Perfect Policy Congru
Page 42 and 43: example, in most countries is const
Page 44 and 45: y subtracting the percentage of MPs
Page 46 and 47: . 1977/1979 % 50 40 30 20 10 0 cong
Page 48 and 49: extremes on the scale are used more
Page 50 and 51: ole models is simply the increase i
Page 52 and 53: Table 3.2 Collective policy congrue
Page 54 and 55: 4 Dynamic Representation from Above
Page 56 and 57: 4.2 From opinion to policy A new re
Page 58 and 59: very idealistic picture of the rela
Page 60 and 61: Comment: The respondents were asked
Page 62 and 63: efugees into Sweden or granting Tur
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4.1 Within-party agreement b
Page 66 and 67: in the same direction, we speak of
Page 68 and 69: Inspecting the results for the part
Page 70 and 71: Figure 4.2 Dynamic opinion represen
Page 72 and 73: % % % 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 4
Page 74 and 75: voters is as high as 81 percent. Th
Page 76 and 77: as well as among MPs, but most clea
Page 78 and 79: 5 Is Governing Becoming more Conten
Page 80 and 81: Belgium and the Netherlands, as wel
Page 82 and 83: that the vote for outgoing governme
Page 84 and 85: cent in the period from the 1950s t
Page 86 and 87: The results of a simple over-time t
Page 88:
Part II The Citizen Perspective
Page 91 and 92:
concluded that this is so because m
Page 93 and 94:
This assumption is informed by the
Page 95 and 96:
6.2.2 Why a focus on ‘substantive
Page 97 and 98:
on whether respondents prefer democ
Page 99 and 100:
Table 6.1 Substantive supply (effec
Page 101 and 102:
Sarsfield 2007). Doing so enables o
Page 103 and 104:
Figure 6.4 Democratic preferences a
Page 105 and 106:
causal mechanism and demonstrate it
Page 107 and 108:
intrinsic democratic preferences. B
Page 109 and 110:
Table 6.4 Examining the demand acti
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 6.7 Expressive actions as a
Page 113 and 114:
democracy by depreciating instituti
Page 115 and 116:
modeling (Bryk and Raudenbusch 2002
Page 117 and 118:
eyond discontent with particular de
Page 119 and 120:
ack to autocracy (Zakaria 1997; Car
Page 121 and 122:
general, as well as multiple measur
Page 123 and 124:
nomic forums. It examines the exten
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 7.1 Democratic experience an
Page 127 and 128:
faction than any of the other demog
Page 129 and 130:
even well-informed and attentive ci
Page 131 and 132:
Table 7.3 Policy performance indice
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 7.3 Satisfaction with democr
Page 135 and 136:
outcome and impact of specific gove
Page 138 and 139:
8 Citizens’ Views about Good Loca
Page 140 and 141:
sions (Thomassen 1995: 386). In the
Page 142 and 143:
11 that the municipality provides s
Page 144 and 145:
importance to three of the four dim
Page 146 and 147:
4 New Kids on the Block (those born
Page 148 and 149:
Figure 8.2 An analytical model rega
Page 150 and 151:
Table 8.3 OLS regression results fo
Page 152 and 153:
Table 8.5 OLS regression results fo
Page 154 and 155:
in particular situations inasmuch a
Page 156 and 157:
Appendix: Operationalization of var
Page 158 and 159:
Political confidence Political conf
Page 160 and 161:
9 Patterns of Party Evaluations Kee
Page 162 and 163:
voters in directional theory is not
Page 164 and 165:
function of the distance between th
Page 166 and 167:
preference curves. For the same sit
Page 168 and 169:
est, party support curves will be u
Page 170 and 171:
mum occurs where the first derivati
Page 172 and 173:
Figure 9.5 Party support curves in
Page 174 and 175:
Table 9.2 Elections and the relevan
Page 176 and 177:
Table 9.3 Curvature and peaks in pa
Page 178 and 179:
Figure 9.8 Party position and linea
Page 180:
It appears that no model of party s
Page 184 and 185:
10 The Electoral Consequences of Lo
Page 186 and 187:
ly large parties, and in particular
Page 188 and 189:
form of a predicted value from an e
Page 190 and 191:
if turnout had been at the level of
Page 192 and 193:
Table 10.1 Turnout effects in the 2
Page 194 and 195:
ment/opposition status or party siz
Page 196 and 197:
voters. This very fact might presen
Page 198 and 199:
4 This is demonstrated by many vote
Page 200 and 201:
11 Assessing the Quality of Europea
Page 202 and 203:
view of democracy one would adhere,
Page 204 and 205:
study of political representation i
Page 206 and 207:
logical division between left and r
Page 208 and 209:
One might argue that this measure f
Page 210 and 211:
Figure 11.3 Political parties’ po
Page 212 and 213:
strong Euroskepticism is expressed
Page 214 and 215:
The final factor that we consider i
Page 216 and 217:
wing than oneself and the percentag
Page 218 and 219:
ties that best represent their poli
Page 220:
tions then become virtually identic
Page 224 and 225:
12 The Impact of the Economic Crisi
Page 226 and 227:
12.2 “I’m doing fine” A first
Page 228 and 229:
Figure 12.3 Satisfaction with econo
Page 230 and 231:
Figure 12.4 Happiness in Germany, 2
Page 232 and 233:
Table 12.1 Changes in satisfaction,
Page 234 and 235:
the feeling of satisfaction with th
Page 236 and 237:
noted. Apparently especially males
Page 238 and 239:
of the economic crisis of the 1970s
Page 240 and 241:
13 The Changing Macro Context of No
Page 242 and 243:
the official name, the Government P
Page 244 and 245:
13.3 Empirical analysis Political b
Page 246 and 247:
in this respect has been clarity of
Page 248 and 249:
welfare issues (Aardal 2003). Indee
Page 250 and 251:
Figure 13.4 Voters’ attitudes tow
Page 252 and 253:
Figure 13.5 The popular support of
Page 254 and 255:
espondents indicated this view, whe
Page 256:
with two assertions they came up wi
Page 259 and 260:
(Expertise centre for urban affairs
Page 261 and 262:
Welzel, Christian Professor of Poli
Page 263 and 264:
Thomassen, J.J.A., Aarts, C.W.A.M.,
Page 265 and 266:
Thomassen, J.J.A., and Van Deth, J.
Page 267 and 268:
Kickert (Eds.), Governance in Moder
Page 269 and 270:
Aarts, C.W.A.M., and Thomassen, J.J
Page 271 and 272:
Andeweg, R.B., and Thomassen, J.J.A
Page 273 and 274:
Scores for the Dimensions. Vienna:
Page 275 and 276:
J.R. Montero and A. Westholm (Eds.)
Page 277 and 278:
(Eds.), Choosing Europe? The Europe
Page 279 and 280:
Hobolt, S.B., and Klemmensen, R. (2
Page 281 and 282:
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., and Mastru
Page 283 and 284:
Macdonald, S.E., Listhaug, O., and
Page 285 and 286:
Mueller, D.C. (1989). Public Choice
Page 287 and 288:
Powell, G.B. (2009). The ideologica
Page 289 and 290:
Scharpf, F. (1999). Governing in Eu
Page 291 and 292:
Thomassen, J.J.A. (1983). Relatieve
Page 293 and 294:
Europa im Zeitalter der Entgrenzung
Page 296:
In How Democracy Works: Political R
show all

download - UvA DARE

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?