cases from tanzania - Sustainet

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3 Cases from Tanzania Figure 16 A ripper opens a narrow slot for sowing seed, without turning the soil over profits. Herbicides are just used in the first year to control weeds, and cover crop seeds can be produced by the farmers themselves. Conservation agriculture often uses lablab as a cover crop, so this crop has risen in importance in the area. The beans – green or dried – make nutritious food, and the young leaves can be eaten as a vegetable or used as fodder. Instead of going in search of fodder, women can now fetch few armfuls of lablab leaves each day from their fields to feed to their animals. That gives them more time to do other things. The farmers can also sell lablab beans, or dry them and sell the seeds. equipment Conservation agriculture uses certain types of special equipment: • Rippers These cut a narrow furrow without turning the soil over. The seed is sown in the furrow, and rainwater can sink into the soil easily. Rippers are pulled by oxen or donkeys. • Subsoilers These break up a hardpan deep in the soil, often formed by trampling by animals or repeated ploughing to the same depth. Subsoilers are also pulled by animals. • Direct planters These are animal drawn implements with disks to cut the trash on the soil surface, and a chisel to open a narrow furrow. They drop the seeds into the furrow, then cover them over again with soil. • Jab planters These are hand-held implements that plant seeds directly into the soil. 72
Figure 17 The field school members discuss what they have seen CA-SARD: The Eotulelo farmer field school These types of equipment are not easily available in Tanzania: they have to be imported, or made specially. CA-SARD started by ordering equipment from Brazil, where conservation agriculture is widespread. It has since purchased equipment from NANDRA Engineering, a firm based in Moshi, about 90 km away from Likamba village. The equipment can be expensive: TSh 145,000 (€95) for a ripper and frame, and TSh 375,000 (€245) for a no-till direct planter. But farmers are used to getting together as a group to pay such prices: an ox plough costs around TSh 75,000 (€49). The project also trains blacksmiths to maintain and repair the equipment. Because farmers are not familiar with the equipment, CA-SARD has to demonstrate it to them, and provide the first groups with equipment to use. The project advises farmers to organize themselves into small groups to buy equipment. It also links them to credit schemes such as the Ministry of Agriculture’s Department of Mechanization, saving and credit cooperatives, microfinance banks and other NGOs so they can buy equipment. Once a group has some equipment, it can earn money by renting out their conservation agriculture equipment to other farmers. The project encourages groups that do not have their own equipment to rent it from others. The project hopes that it will be possible to stimulate enough demand for the equipment for local firms to start manufacturing and selling it themselves. The increased demand should also result in lower prices for the equipment. CA-SARD encourages suppliers to invest in equipment and sell it or rent it out to farmers via village shops. 73
Page 1 and 2: 3 cases from tanzania Soil and wate
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6 Participants’ profiles Richard
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Charlotte Häusler Development work
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Esther Njeri 6 Participants’ prof
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cases from tanzania - Sustainet

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