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3 Cases <strong>from</strong> Tanzania of Agriculture decided to start 100 pilot farmer field schools in ten districts. CA-SARD advised the ministry on the technologies to be copied, the formation of FFS groups and with implementation of conservation practices. More information: www.fao.org/SARD/en/sard/754/1458/. Contact Richard Shetto, national coordinator CA-SARD Tanzania, PO Box 9192, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, rmshetto@yahoo.co.uk, or Wilfred Mariki, national facilitator, PO Box 6024, Arusha, Tanzania, wlmariki@yahoo.com 76 The Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development project is implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Selian Agricultural Research Institute, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives of Tanzania. CA-SARD is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. www.verbraucherministerium.de
organic farming in Karagwe District Community Habitat Environmental Management, Tanzania CHEMA: Organic farming in Karagwe District eW consumers used to spare a thought for how the food they buy was produced. But Fthat’s changing: customers are becoming more concerned about the healthiness and taste of their food, and increasing numbers flock to health-food stores and fair-trade shops that guarantee their produce was produced without pesticides or other chemicals that harm the environment or the health of the people who eat it – or who produced it. Organic agriculture in the developed world is booming. Supermarkets are responding to consumer demand by establishing organic brands and devoting aisles to organic food. A new industry has grown up to certify that labels claiming that food was produced organically was in fact grown using compost and ladybirds rather than phosphates and pesticides. How can small-scale farmers in East Africa benefit <strong>from</strong> this growing market? A collaborative project involving farmers in Karagwe District in northwestern Tanzania, the development organization Community Habitat Environmental Management (CHEMA for short, Box 13), and Matunda Mema, an organic produce exporter, shows how it might be done. Through this project, 300 farmers in Karagwe District have been certified as organic. The farmers are certified by the Institute for Market Ecology, a Swiss-based organization known by its German acronym, IMO. They produce pineapples, papayas and sweet bananas, which Matunda Mema dries and exports to Germany. the Karagwe story CHEMA’s project began in 1997 in Ihanda and Nkwenda, two wards (groups of villages) in Karagwe District. Ihanda consists of 3 villages with about 250 families, and Nkwenda has 5 villages with about 300 families. The farmers there relied on a combination of traditional cropping and livestock keeping. Most were practising organic agriculture by default, because they could not afford fertilizers and pesticides. But they also used unsustainable practices such as setting bush fires to clear land. Other farmers were dependent on their cattle: they were semi-nomadic, moving around with their herds in search of fodder on communal lands and in forests. The average farm in the area covers only about 0.5 ha. Four-fifths of the farmers farm less than 1 ha; another 10 to 20% own between 1 and 2 ha, and only 5% have more than 2.5 ha. Almost no one has more than 5 ha of land. The traditional crops are bananas, maize, beans, sorghum, fruit such as pineapples, papayas, mangos and oranges, and spices such as garlic and lemongrass. 77
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