GPFS: Administration and Programming Reference - IRA Home

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See the “mmdf Command” on page 165 for complete usage information. Querying and reducing file system fragmentation Disk fragmentation within a file system is an unavoidable condition. When a file is closed after it has been written to, the last logical block of data is reduced to the actual number of subblocks required, thus creating a fragmented block. In order to write to a file system, free full blocks of disk space are required. Due to fragmentation, it is entirely possible to have the situation where the file system is not full, but an insufficient number of free full blocks are available to write to the file system. Replication can also cause the copy of the fragment to be distributed among disks in different failure groups. The mmdefragfs command can be used to query the current fragmented state of the file system and reduce the fragmentation of the file system. In order to reduce the fragmentation of a file system, the mmdefragfs command migrates fragments to free space in another fragmented disk block of sufficient space, thus creating a free full block. There is no requirement to have a free full block in order to run the mmdefragfs command. The execution time of the mmdefragfs command depends on the size and allocation pattern of the file system. For a file system with a large number of disks, the mmdefragfs command will run through several iterations of its algorithm, each iteration compressing a different set of disks. Execution time is also dependent on how fragmented the file system is. The less fragmented a file system, the shorter time for the mmdefragfs command to execute. The fragmentation of a file system can be reduced on all disks which are not suspended or stopped. If a disk is suspended or stopped, the state of the disk, not the utilization information, will be displayed as output for the mmdefragfs command. The mmdefragfs command can be run on both a mounted or an unmounted file system, but achieves best results on an unmounted file system. Running the command on a mounted file system can cause conflicting allocation information and consequent retries to find a new free subblock of the correct size to store the fragment in. If the mmdefragfs command is issued on a file that is locked by SANergy, the file is not de-fragmented. Querying file system fragmentation To query the current status of the amount of fragmentation for a file system, specify the file system name along with the -i option on the mmdefragfs command. For example, to display the current fragmentation information for file system fs0, enter: mmdefragfs fs0 -i The system displays information similar to: "fs0" 10304 inodes: 457 allocated / 9847 free free subblk free disk disk size in full subblk in % % name in nSubblk blocks fragments free blk blk util --------------- --------- --------- --------- -------- ------- gpfs68nsd 4390912 4270112 551 97.249 99.544 gpfs69nsd 4390912 4271360 490 97.277 99.590 --------- --------- --------- ------- (total) 8781824 8541472 1041 99.567 See the “mmdefragfs Command” on page 146 for complete usage information. 22 GPFS: Administration and Programming Reference
Reducing file system fragmentation You can reduce the amount of fragmentation for a file system by issuing the mmdefragfs command, with or without a desired block utilization goal. For example, to reduce the amount of fragmentation for file system fs0 with a goal of 99% utilization, enter: mmdefragfs fs0 -u 99 The system displays information similar to: WARNING: "fs0" is mounted on 1 node(s) and in use on 1 node(s) Start processing: iteration 1 Processing Pass 1 of 1 Disk Name gpfs68nsd gpfs69nsd 6 % complete 12 % complete 27 % complete 32 % complete 38 % complete 56 % complete 63 % complete 81 % complete 98 % complete free subblk free disk in full subblk in % % name blocks blk fragments free blk blk util before after freed before after before after before after --------------- ---------------- ------- ---------------- ------------ ------------ gpfs68nsd 39424 40064 20 1347 589 68.75 69.87 92.48 96.59 gpfs69nsd 50688 51456 24 1555 593 72.26 73.36 92.01 96.83 --------------------- ---------------- ------------ (total) 90112 91520 44 2902 1182 93.63 98.84 See the “mmdefragfs Command” on page 146 for complete usage information. Backing up a file system The mmbackup command enables root users to backup the files of a GPFS file system to storage using a Tivoli ® Storage Manager (TSM) server. Once a file system has been backed up, the user can restore files using the interfaces provided by TSM. The mmbackup command provides either: v A full backup of all files in the file system. v An incremental backup of only those files which have changed or been deleted since the last backup. Files that have changed since the last backup are updated in the backup, and files that have been deleted since the last backup are expired from the backup. Required level of Tivoli Storage Manager When using the GPFS mmbackup command, Tivoli Storage Manager must be at Version 4 Release 2 (4.2) or later. Setting up TSM for use by GPFS The mmbackup command requires a working TSM environment: 1. The TSM server code must be installed on the TSM server node specified in the file on the -n ControlFile option. Chapter 3. Managing file systems 23
Page 1: General Parallel File System Admini
Page 4 and 5: Note: Before using this information
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 4. Managing disks . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: mmrestripefile Command . . . . . .
Page 10 and 11: viii GPFS: Administration and Progr
Page 12 and 13: x GPFS: Administration and Programm
Page 14 and 15: Table 1. Typographic conventions (c
Page 16 and 17: - The mmmount and mmumount commands
Page 18 and 19: - The local cluster no longer needs
Page 20 and 21: xviii GPFS: Administration and Prog
Page 22 and 23: 2 GPFS: Administration and Programm
Page 24 and 25: Remote shell command: /usr/bin/rsh
Page 26 and 27: v A node being deleted cannot be th
Page 28 and 29: You may be able to tune your cluste
Page 30 and 31: The system displays information sim
Page 32 and 33: If it becomes necessary to stop GPF
Page 34 and 35: ecorded in the GPFS configuration f
Page 36 and 37: Checking and repairing a file syste
Page 38 and 39: -j scatter Block allocation type -D
Page 40 and 41: Restriping offers the opportunity t
Page 44 and 45: 2. The TSM client code must be inst
Page 46 and 47: 26 GPFS: Administration and Program
Page 48 and 49: gpfs3nsd 0903C1573F2AD7B6 /dev/sdb1
Page 50 and 51: 12 % complete on Fri Feb 3 16:02:39
Page 52 and 53: suspended Indicates that data is to
Page 54 and 55: v You must identify the disks by th
Page 58 and 59: To disable quota management: 1. Iss
Page 60 and 61: During the normal operation of file
Page 62 and 63: The system displays output similar
Page 66 and 67: Each GPFS file or directory has an
Page 68 and 69: group::rwx- #effective:rw-- other::
Page 70 and 71: 2. A Directory ACL is similar to th
Page 72 and 73: This ACL shows four ACL entries (an
Page 74 and 75: general suggestion is for the compu
Page 80 and 81: Table 4. GPFS commands (continued)
Page 82 and 83: mmadddisk Command mmadddisk Command
Page 84 and 85: mmadddisk Command Note: Rebalancing
Page 86 and 87: mmaddnode Command Name mmaddnode Ad
Page 88 and 89: mmaddnode Command See also “mmchc
Page 90 and 91: mmapplypolicy Command how the mmapp
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mmapplypolicy Command MIGRATED /fs1
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mmauth Command delete Deletes a clu
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mmauth Command mmauth: Propagating
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mmbackup Command Name mmbackup - Ba
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mmbackup Command Tue Mar 18 14:03:2
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mmchattr Command -m MetadataReplica
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mmchcluster Command Name mmchcluste
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mmchcluster Command Security You mu
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mmchconfig Command Name mmchconfig
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mmchconfig Command dmapiMountTimeou
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mmchconfig Command and search for n
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mmchdisk Command Name mmchdisk - Ch
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mmchdisk Command resume Informs GPF
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mmcheckquota Command Name mmcheckqu
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mmcheckquota Command 55 % complete
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mmchfileset Command Examples This c
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mmchfs Command If your file system
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mmchfs Command When considering dat
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mmchmgr Command GPFS: 6027-628 Send
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mmchnsd Command Options NONE DiskNa
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mmchpolicy Command Name mmchpolicy
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mmcrcluster Command Name mmcrcluste
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mmcrcluster Command If your primary
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mmcrfileset Command Name mmcrfilese
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mmcrfs Command Name mmcrfs - Create
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mmcrfs Command Options other disk)
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mmcrfs Command -z {yes | no} Enable
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mmcrnsd Command Name mmcrnsd - Crea
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mmcrnsd Command Note: This name can
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mmcrnsd Command Location /usr/lpp/m
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mmcrsnapshot Command Options NONE I
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mmcrvsd Command Name mmcrvsd - Crea
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mmcrvsd Command Options dataOnly In
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mmcrvsd Command See also “mmcrnsd
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mmdefedquota Command -u Specifies t
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mmdefquotaoff Command mmlsquota -d
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mmdefquotaon Command Security You m
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mmdefragfs Command Name mmdefragfs
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mmdefragfs Command gpfs60nsd 50688
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mmdelacl Command “mmputacl Comman
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mmdeldisk Command -F DescFile A fil
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mmdelfileset Command Name mmdelfile
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mmdelfileset Command 88 % complete
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mmdelfs Command Examples To delete
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mmdelnode Command Exit status 0 Suc
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mmdelnsd Command Options NONE Exit
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mmdelsnapshot Command When using th
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mmdf Command Exit status 0 Successf
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mmeditacl Command Name mmeditacl -
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mmeditacl Command Exit status 0 Suc
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mmedquota Command Group Name or gro
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mmexportfs Command Name mmexportfs
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mmfsck Command Name mmfsck - Checks
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mmfsck Command -n Specifies a no re
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mmfsck Command See also “mmcheckq
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mmfsctl Command v Modifications to
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mmfsctl Command lunA2 FlashCopy tar
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mmgetacl Command Parameters Filenam
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mmgetstate Command Name The mmgetst
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mmgetstate Command See also “mmch
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mmimportfs Command Parameters Devic
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mmlinkfileset Command Name mmlinkfi
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mmlsattr Command Name mmlsattr - Qu
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mmlscluster Command Name mmlscluste
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mmlsconfig Command Name mmlsconfig
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mmlsdisk Command Name mmlsdisk - Di
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mmlsdisk Command disk driver sector
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mmlsfileset Command Name mmlsfilese
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mmlsfileset Command 3. These comman
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mmlsfs Command -o Additional mount
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mmlsmgr Command Name mmlsmgr - Disp
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mmlsmount Command Name mmlsmount -
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mmlsnsd Command Name mmlsnsd - Disp
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mmlsnsd Command gpfs1 gpfs1nsd 0972
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mmlspolicy Command mmlspolicy fs2 -
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mmlsquota Command When a quota mana
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mmlssnapshot Command Name mmlssnaps
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mmmount Command Name mmmount - Moun
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mmpmon Command Name mmpmon - Manage
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mmpmon Command Use of the -i flag i
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mmpmon Command bytes written: 13946
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mmputacl Command Options -d Specifi
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mmquotaoff Command Name mmquotaoff
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mmquotaon Command Name mmquotaon -
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mmremotecluster Command Name mmremo
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mmremotecluster Command 2. This com
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mmremotefs Command Options -A {yes
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mmrepquota Command Name mmrepquota
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mmrepquota Command *** Report for U
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mmrestorefs Command Exit status 0 S
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mmrestripefile Command Name mmrestr
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mmrestripefile Command See also “
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mmrestripefs Command Assuming that
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mmrestripefs Command See also “mm
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mmrpldisk Command The disk descript
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mmrpldisk Command See also “mmadd
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mmsanrepairfs Command Repairing hyp
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mmshutdown Command When using the r
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mmsnapdir Command nonzero A failure
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mmstartup Command Name mmstartup -
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mmumount Command Name mmumount - Un
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mmunlinkfileset Command Name mmunli
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mmunlinkfileset Command See also
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Table 9. GPFS programming interface
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gpfs_close_inodescan() Subroutine N
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gpfs_cmp_fssnapid() Subroutine Loca
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gpfs_fcntl() Subroutine Name gpfs_f
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gpfs_fcntl() Subroutine fcntlArg.po
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gpfs_fputattrs() Subroutine Name gp
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gpfs_free_fssnaphandle() Subroutine
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gpfs_fssnap_id_t Structure Name gpf
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gpfs_get_fsname_from_fssnaphandle()
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gpfs_get_fssnaphandle_by_name() Sub
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gpfs_get_fssnaphandle_by_path() Sub
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gpfs_get_fssnapid_from_fssnaphandle
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gpfs_get_snapdirname() Subroutine N
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gpfs_get_snapname_from_fssnaphandle
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gpfs_getacl() Subroutine Error stat
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gpfs_iattr_t Structure /* don’t r
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gpfs_ifile_t Structure Name gpfs_if
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gpfs_igetattrs() Subroutine GPFS_E_
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gpfs_igetfilesetname() Subroutine E
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gpfs_igetstoragepool() Subroutine E
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gpfs_iopen() Subroutine Exceptions
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gpfs_iread() Subroutine EPERM The c
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gpfs_ireaddir() Subroutine Examples
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gpfs_ireadlink() Subroutine Locatio
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gpfs_ireadx() Subroutine offset On
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gpfs_next_inode() Subroutine Name g
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gpfs_opaque_acl_t Structure Name gp
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gpfs_open_inodescan() Subroutine No
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gpfs_prealloc() Subroutine Exceptio
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gpfs_putacl() Subroutine Exceptions
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gpfs_quotactl() Subroutine Q_SETQUO
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gpfs_quotaInfo_t Structure Name gpf
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gpfs_seek_inode() Subroutine Locati
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gpfsAccessRange_t Structure Name gp
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gpfsClearFileCache_t Structure Name
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gpfsDataShipMap_t Structure partiti
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gpfsDataShipStart_t Structure flag
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gpfsDataShipStop_t Structure Name g
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gpfsFreeRange_t Structure Name gpfs
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gpfsGetReplication_t Structure Name
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gpfsGetSnapshotName_t Structure Nam
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gpfsMultipleAccessRange_t Structure
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gpfsRestripeData_t Structure Name g
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gpfsSetReplication_t Structure rese
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366 GPFS: Administration and Progra
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mmsdrbackup User exit mmsdrbackup U
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syncfsconfig User exit Name syncfsc
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GPFS exceptions and limitations to
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2455 South Road, Poughkeepsie, NY 1
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metadataOnly Indicates that the dis
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v manager | client - Indicates whet
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v For AIX nodes, see Installing the
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RPM at www.rpm.org/ The Internet En
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commands (continued) mmchfileset 10
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file systems (continued) creating 1
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mmchattr 19, 81 mmchcluster 6, 84 m
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setting access control lists 46 sna
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