International Poisonous Plants Checklist : an Evidence-based ...
International Poisonous Plants Checklist : an Evidence-based ...
International Poisonous Plants Checklist : an Evidence-based ...
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<strong>International</strong> <strong>Poisonous</strong> <strong>Pl<strong>an</strong>ts</strong> <strong>Checklist</strong> Cyclamen persicum - 115<br />
Anonymous (1965) Cycas circinalis poisoning. Papua New<br />
Guinea Dep Agric Annu Rep 1963-1964:18.<br />
Campbell ME, Mickelsen O, Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, et al. (1966) Effects<br />
of strain, age <strong>an</strong>d diet on the response of rats to the ingestion<br />
of Cycas circinalis. J Nutr 88(1):115-124.<br />
Hoch-Ligeti C, Stutzm<strong>an</strong> E, Arvin JM (1968) Cellular composition<br />
during tumor induction in rats by cycad husk. J<br />
Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit 41(2):605-614.<br />
Kurl<strong>an</strong>d LT (1988) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis <strong>an</strong>d Parkinson’s<br />
disease complex on Guam linked to <strong>an</strong> environmental<br />
neurotoxin. Trends Neurosci 11(2):51-54.<br />
Kurl<strong>an</strong>d LT, Mulder DW (1954) Epidemiologic investigations<br />
of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology<br />
4:355-378.<br />
Laqueur GL (1964) Carcinogenic effects of cycad meal<br />
<strong>an</strong>d cycasin, methylazoxymeth<strong>an</strong>ol glycoside, in rats<br />
<strong>an</strong>d effects of cycasin in germfree rats. Fed Proc 23(6<br />
Part):1386-1388.<br />
Laqueur GL, Mickelsen O, Whiting MG, et al. (1963)<br />
Carcinogenic properties of nuts from Cycas circinalis<br />
L. indigenous to Guam. J Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit<br />
31(4):919-951.<br />
Mickelsen O, Campbell E, Y<strong>an</strong>g M, et al. (1964) Studies<br />
with cycad. Fed Proc 23(Nov-Dec):1363-1365.<br />
Mugera GM, Whitehair CK, Mickelsen O (1964) Pathology<br />
of cycad toxicity in <strong>an</strong>imals. Fed Proc 23:106.<br />
Newberne PM (1976) Biologic effects of pl<strong>an</strong>t toxins <strong>an</strong>d<br />
aflatoxins in rats. J Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit 56(3):551-555.<br />
S<strong>an</strong>ger VL, Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, Mickelsen O (1969) Cycad toxicosis<br />
in chickens. J Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit 43(2):391-395.<br />
Spatz M (1964) Carcinogenic effect of cycad meal in guinea<br />
pigs. Fed Proc 23(Nov-Dec):1384-1385.<br />
Spatz M, Laqueur GL (1967) Tr<strong>an</strong>splacental induction of<br />
tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats with crude cycad material.<br />
J Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit 38(2):233-245.<br />
Spencer PS, Nunn PB, Hugon J, et al. (1987) Guam amyotrophic<br />
lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism-dementia linked to<br />
a pl<strong>an</strong>t excitement neurotoxin. Science 237:517-522.<br />
Whiting MG (1964) Food practices in ALS foci in Jap<strong>an</strong>,<br />
the Mari<strong>an</strong>as, <strong>an</strong>d New Guinea. Fed Proc 23(Nov-<br />
Dec):1343-1345.<br />
Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, Mickelsen O (1968) Cycad husk from Guam: Its<br />
toxicity to rats. Econ Bot 22:149-154.<br />
Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, Mickelsen O, Campbell ME, et al. (1966) Cycad<br />
flour used by Guam<strong>an</strong>i<strong>an</strong>s: Effects produced in rats by<br />
long-term feeding. J Nutr 90(2):153-156.<br />
Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, Mickelsen O, Laqueur GL, et al. (1966) Irreversibility<br />
of damage caused by the ingestion of toxic cycad by<br />
rats. Fed Proc 25:661.<br />
Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, Mickelsen O, S<strong>an</strong>ger VL, et al. (1967) Feeding<br />
toxic cycads to rats of various ages. Fed Proc 26:322.<br />
Y<strong>an</strong>g MG, S<strong>an</strong>ger VL, Mickelsen O, et al. (1968) Carcinogenicity<br />
of long-term feeding of cycad husk to rats. Proc<br />
Soc Exp Biol Med 127(4):1171-1175.<br />
c y c a s Me d i a R. Br. [Cycadaceae]<br />
Common Names:<br />
cycad; rickety bush; tree zamia; zamia; zamia palm<br />
Citations:<br />
Hooper PT, Best SM, Campbell A (1974) Axonal dystrophy<br />
in the spinal cords of cattle consuming the cycad palm,<br />
Cycas media. Aust Vet J 50(4):146-149.<br />
c y c a s r e vo l u Ta Thunb. [Cycadaceae]<br />
Common Names:<br />
Australi<strong>an</strong> nut palm; cycad; false sago palm; Jap<strong>an</strong>ese<br />
fern palm; leatherleaf palm; sago cycas; sago palm;<br />
sotetsu<br />
Citations:<br />
Albretsen JC, Safdar AK, Richardson JA (1998) Cycad palm<br />
toxicosis in dogs: 60 cases (1987-1997). J Am Vet Med<br />
Assoc 213(1):99-101.<br />
Botha CJ, Naudé TW, Sw<strong>an</strong> GE, et al. (1991) Suspected<br />
cycad (Cycas revoluta) intoxication in dogs. J S Afr Vet<br />
Assoc 62(4):189-190.<br />
Ch<strong>an</strong>g SS, Ch<strong>an</strong> YL, Wu ML, et al. (2004) Acute Cycas seed<br />
poisoning in Taiw<strong>an</strong>. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 42(1):49-54.<br />
Deng JF, Lin TJ, Kao WF, et al. (1997) The difficulty in<br />
h<strong>an</strong>dling poisonings associated with Chinese traditional<br />
medicine: A poison control center experience for<br />
1991-1993. Vet Hum Toxicol 39(2):106-114.<br />
Iwami O, Niki Y, Wat<strong>an</strong>abe T, et al. (1993) Motor neuron<br />
disease on the Kii Peninsula of Jap<strong>an</strong>: Cycad exposure.<br />
Neuroepidemiology 12(6):307-312.<br />
Kobayashi A, Tadera K, Yagi F, et al. (1984) [Studies on poisoning<br />
of grazing cattle due to ingestion of Cycas revoluta<br />
Thunb.] Bull Fac Agric Kagoshima Univ 34:119-129.<br />
Reagor JC, Ray AC, Dubuisson L, et al. (1986) Sago palm<br />
(Cycas revoluta) poisoning in the c<strong>an</strong>ine. Southwestern<br />
Vet 37(1):20.<br />
Spatz M, Laqueur GL (1967) Tr<strong>an</strong>splacental induction of<br />
tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats with crude cycad material.<br />
J Natl C<strong>an</strong>cer Instit 38(2):233-245.<br />
Whiting MG (1964) Food practices in ALS foci in Jap<strong>an</strong>,<br />
the Mari<strong>an</strong>as, <strong>an</strong>d New Guinea. Fed Proc 23(Nov-<br />
Dec):1343-1345.<br />
Yasuda N, Kono I, Shimizu T, et al. (1984) [Pathological<br />
studies on poisoning of grazing cattle due to ingestion of<br />
Cycas revoluta Thunb.] Bull Fac Agric Kagoshima Univ<br />
34:131-136.<br />
Yasuda N, Shimizu T (1998) Cycad poisoning in cattle in<br />
Jap<strong>an</strong>: Studies on spont<strong>an</strong>eous <strong>an</strong>d experimental cases. J<br />
Toxicol Sci 23(Suppl 2):126-128.<br />
c y c l a c h a e n a x a n Th i i f o l i a (Nutt.) Fresen.<br />
[Asteraceae]<br />
Synonyms:<br />
iva x<strong>an</strong>thiifolia Nutt.<br />
Common Names:<br />
burweed marsh elder; careless weed; false ragweed;<br />
gi<strong>an</strong>t poverty weed; half breed weed; marsh elder<br />
Citations:<br />
Huber HL, Harsh GF (1932) A summer dermatitis caused<br />
by a common weed. J Allergy 3:578-582.<br />
cyclamen –see– Cyclamen persicum Mill.<br />
c y c l a Me n p e r s ic u M Mill. [Myrsinaceae]<br />
Common Names:<br />
Alpenveilchen; alpine violet; cyclamen; Persi<strong>an</strong> violet;<br />
sowbread; wild cyclamen