NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports - The University ...

(v5.6394) as the EPA-approved version, announced on June 29, 2007. As part of this assessment, EPA performed several tests
to compare modeled impacts based on the then-current VISTAS versions of CALMET (v5.726) and CALPUFF (v5.756) to
impacts based on the previous EPA-approved versions of CALMET (v5.53a) and CALPUFF (v5.711a), for the purpose of
assessing whether to update the EPAapproved version of the modeling system.
NTIS
Computer Programs; Computerized Simulation
20100017156 Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Documents: Changes to the Renewable Fuel Standard Program
January 2010; 231 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): PB2010-105889; EPA/454/R-10-001; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This document describes the air quality modeling performed by EPA in support of the final revisions to the National
Renewable Fuel Standard rule (commonly known as RFS2). A national scale air quality modeling analysis was performed to
estimate the effect of the rule on future year: annual and 24-hour PM(sub 2.5) concentrations, daily maximum 8-hour ozone
concentrations, annual nitrogen and sulfur deposition levels, and select annual and seasonal air toxic concentrations
(formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethanol, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, acrolein). To model the air quality benefits of this rule we used
the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. CMAQ simulates the numerous physical and chemical processes
involved in the formation, transport, and destruction of ozone, particulate matter and air toxics. In addition to the CMAQ
model, the modeling platform includes the emissions, meteorology, and initial and boundary condition data which are inputs
to this model.
NTIS
Air Quality; Environment Models; Ethyl Alcohol; Fuels
20100017239 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Quality of the International Space Station
Macatangay, Ariel V.; Bruce, Rebekah J.; [2010]; 17 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems,
11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS9-02078
Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20365; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017239
An understanding of the various sources of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is one facet to ensuring
the habitability of crewed spacecraft. Even though the International Space Station (ISS) atmosphere is relatively well
characterized in terms of what is in the atmosphere and approximately how much, linking the majority of these trace
contaminants detected to their source is virtually impossible. Albeit a few of can be associated to a single source, the majority
of these trace contaminants have their origins from multiple sources. On crewed spacecraft such as ISS, trace contaminants
are broadly categorized as either coming from equipment, which includes systems and payloads, or from the metabolic
processes of the crew members. Such widely encompassing categories clearly illustrate the difficulty in linking air
contaminants to their source(s). It is well known that microbial growth in ISS can flourish if left unchecked. Although
processes are in place to limit microbial growth, in reality, microbial growth has pervaded the habitable environment of ISS.
This is simply a consequence of having crewed spacecraft, as humans are the largest contributor to the bioload. As with crew
members, microbes also have metabolic processes which, in many ways, are comparable to human metabolism. As such, it
can be expected that microbial growth can lead to the release of volatile organic compounds into the ISS atmosphere. Given
a large enough microbial population, the impact to the air quality of ISS can be potentially large. A survey of the microbiology
found in ISS will be presented as well as the possible types of volatile organic compounds that can result from such organisms.
This will be correlated to the observations provided by ground-based analysis of ISS atmosphere samples
Author
Volatile Organic Compounds; Air Quality; Habitability; International Space Station; Microorganisms; Flight Crews; Trace
Contaminants
92