contexto histórico y cultural en el estudio de la enfermedad mental
contexto histórico y cultural en el estudio de la enfermedad mental
contexto histórico y cultural en el estudio de la enfermedad mental
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trastornos <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> ConduCta<br />
alim<strong>en</strong>taria <strong>en</strong> adolesC<strong>en</strong>tes y<br />
jóv<strong>en</strong>es<br />
parte ii. tratami<strong>en</strong>to, CompliCaCiones<br />
médiCas, Curso y pronóstiCo, y<br />
prev<strong>en</strong>Ción ClíniCa<br />
eating disor<strong>de</strong>rs in adolesc<strong>en</strong>ts and young people<br />
part ii. treatM<strong>en</strong>t, Medical coMplications, course and prognosis,<br />
and clinical prev<strong>en</strong>tion<br />
DRA. MARíA VERóniCA gAEtE P. (1) (2), PS. CARoLinA LóPEz C. PHD (1) (3), DRA. MARCELA MAtAMALA B. (1)<br />
RESUMEN<br />
Los Trastornos <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> Conducta Alim<strong>en</strong>taria (TCA) son problemas<br />
r<strong>el</strong>evantes <strong>de</strong> salud m<strong>en</strong>tal que afectan principalm<strong>en</strong>te<br />
a mujeres adolesc<strong>en</strong>tes y jóv<strong>en</strong>es. En su etiología converg<strong>en</strong><br />
factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales y por lo tanto,<br />
<strong>el</strong> tratami<strong>en</strong>to <strong>de</strong>be consi<strong>de</strong>rar esta multifactoriedad. Este<br />
<strong>de</strong>be ser realizado por equipos interdisciplinarios <strong>en</strong> los que<br />
confluyan <strong>la</strong> experi<strong>en</strong>cia <strong>en</strong> <strong>el</strong> trabajo con adolesc<strong>en</strong>tes y <strong>la</strong><br />
especialización <strong>en</strong> TCA, asuntos fundam<strong>en</strong>tales para brindar<br />
interv<strong>en</strong>ciones efectivas.<br />
El objetivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> segunda parte <strong>de</strong> este artículo es <strong>el</strong> abordaje<br />
d<strong>el</strong> tratami<strong>en</strong>to, <strong>la</strong>s complicaciones médicas, <strong>el</strong> curso y<br />
pronóstico, y <strong>la</strong> prev<strong>en</strong>ción <strong>en</strong> <strong>el</strong> ámbito clínico <strong>de</strong> los TCA<br />
<strong>en</strong> jóv<strong>en</strong>es.<br />
Pa<strong>la</strong>bras c<strong>la</strong>ve: Trastornos <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> conducta alim<strong>en</strong>taria, adolesc<strong>en</strong>cia,<br />
juv<strong>en</strong>tud, anorexia, bulimia, trastorno por atracón,<br />
Artículo recibido: 23-07-2012<br />
Artículo aprobado para publicación: 23-08-2012<br />
[REV. MED. CLIN. CONDES - 2012; 23(5) 579-591]<br />
1. C<strong>en</strong>tro <strong>de</strong> Adolesc<strong>en</strong>tes y jóv<strong>en</strong>es, Departam<strong>en</strong>to <strong>de</strong> Pediatría. Clínica Las Con<strong>de</strong>s y C<strong>en</strong>tro <strong>de</strong> Salud d<strong>el</strong> Adolesc<strong>en</strong>te SERjoVEn,<br />
Departam<strong>en</strong>to <strong>de</strong> Pediatría y Cirugía infantil ori<strong>en</strong>te, Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina, Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile.<br />
2. Profesor Asociado, Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina, Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile.<br />
3. Profesor Asist<strong>en</strong>te, Facultad <strong>de</strong> Medicina, Universidad <strong>de</strong> Chile.<br />
Email: vgaete@clc.cl<br />
tratami<strong>en</strong>to, complicaciones, pronóstico, prev<strong>en</strong>ción.<br />
SUMMARY<br />
Eating disor<strong>de</strong>rs (ED) are significant m<strong>en</strong>tal health problems<br />
that primarily affect te<strong>en</strong>agers and young wom<strong>en</strong>. Biological,<br />
psychological and social factors contribute to their etiology<br />
and treatm<strong>en</strong>t should consi<strong>de</strong>r this. It must be done by<br />
interdisciplinary teams in which the experi<strong>en</strong>ce of working with<br />
adolesc<strong>en</strong>ts and specialization in eating disor<strong>de</strong>rs converge,<br />
issues that are ess<strong>en</strong>tial for providing effective interv<strong>en</strong>tions.<br />
The aim of the second part of this paper is the approach to<br />
treatm<strong>en</strong>t, medical complications, course and prognosis, and<br />
prev<strong>en</strong>tion in the clinical setting of ED in young people.<br />
Key words: Eating disor<strong>de</strong>rs, adolesc<strong>en</strong>ce, youth, anorexia,<br />
bulimia, binge eating disor<strong>de</strong>r, treatm<strong>en</strong>t, complications,<br />
prognosis, prev<strong>en</strong>tion.<br />
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