genderuli Tanasworobis gaumjobeseba saqarTveloSi
genderuli Tanasworobis gaumjobeseba saqarTveloSi
genderuli Tanasworobis gaumjobeseba saqarTveloSi
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qalTa gaZliereba ekonomikur sferoSi –<br />
socialuri cvlilebebis mniSvnelovani agenti<br />
irma inariZe<br />
<strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi momxdarma movlenebma (samoqalaqo<br />
omi, eTnokonfliqtebi afxazeTsa da samaCbloSi) kidev ufro<br />
daamZima gardamavali periodis qveynebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli socialur-ekonomikuri<br />
mdgomareoba. sabazro ekonomikaze moumzadebelma,<br />
stiqiurma gadasvlam qali gamoaZeva inteleqtualuri da maRalanazRaurebadi<br />
samuSaos sferodan. pirvelive saparlamento arCevnebma mkveTrad<br />
Seamcira qalTa raodenoba sakanonmdeblo organoSi. Seicvala sabWoTa<br />
reJimisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli ideologiuri midgoma qalTa sakiTxisadmi<br />
- gaZlierda tradiciuli patriarqaluri Sexedulebebi qalis rolisa<br />
da daniSnulebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebaSi, rac gansakuTrebiT regionebSia<br />
sagrZnobi.<br />
erTiani sabWoTa ekonomikuri sivrcis daSlisa da qveyanaSi gatarebuli<br />
araswori ekonomikuri reformebis fonze, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis naxevarze<br />
meti siRaribis zRvars miRma aRmoCnda. mosaxleobis 52,7% siRaribis<br />
zRvars miRma cxovrobs. ukiduresi siRaribis zRvars qvemoT myofi<br />
mosaxleobis ricxvi ki 16,9%. aTaswleulis miznebis gansaxorcieleblad<br />
<strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> 2003 wlis ivnisSi xelisuflebam SeimuSava saqarTvelos<br />
ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da siRaribis daZlevis programa. programis<br />
dawyebidan 2 wlis Tavze ucxouri da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis<br />
monitoringis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT, prognozi arcTu saxarbieloa.<br />
wina wlebTan SedarebiT Raribi mosaxleobis wili umniSvnelod Semcirda<br />
(1,8%–iT). ucvleli darCa ukiduresi siRaribis zRvars qvemoT myofi<br />
mosaxleobis ricxvi. eqspertTa azriT, <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> siRaribis maCveneblebi<br />
zrdis tendencias atareben da arsebiTi zemoqmedebis gareSe, 2015<br />
wlisaTvis siRaribis maCveneblebi ara Tu Semcirdeba, aramed 68,2%–s miaRwevs<br />
(ukiduresi siRaribisa ki - 29,6%–s) 1 . sainteresoa siRaribis zrdis<br />
maCvenebelTa gansxvaveba soflisa da qalaqis WrilSi. 2004 welTan SedarebiT,<br />
siRaribis donis maCvenebeli zrdis tendenciiT xasiaTdeba: qalaqSi<br />
_ 2.8 procentuli punqtiT, xolo soflad – 4.6 procentuli punqtiT 2 .<br />
msoflio bankis monacemebiT, saqarTvelo meore qveyanaa postsabWoTa<br />
sivrceSi, sadac ojaxis ufrosis sqesi mWidro kavSirSia siRaribesTan. 3<br />
konfliqtebisa da SromiTi migraciis Sedegad mkveTradaa gazrdili im<br />
ojaxebis raodenoba, romlebsac saTaveSi qalebi udganan. rogorc wesi,<br />
aseTi ojaxebi mosaxleobis uRaribes fenas miekuTvnebian.<br />
gardamaval periodSi qveyanaSi ukontrolo privatizaciis procesebma gamoiwvia<br />
qalTa dasaqmebis tradiciuli sferoebis arealis Semcireba, ramac am<br />
sawarmoebSi dasaqmebuli qalebis umetesoba umuSevari datova. samsaxurTan<br />
erTad maT samuSao adgilebTan dakavSirebuli socialuri daxmarebebi da<br />
SeRavaTebic dakarges, romelTa sanacvlodac sxva socialuri dacvis meqanizmebi<br />
ar Seqmnila.<br />
zemoaRniSnuli problemebis miuxedavad, saxelmwifo dRes naklebadaa<br />
orientirebuli Sromis bazarze arsebuli <strong>genderuli</strong> disbalansis mizezebis<br />
aRmofxvraze. SeiniSneba uaryofiTi tendenciac, rac gamoixateba<br />
aSkara diskriminaciuli xasiaTis mqone kanonproeqtis SemuSavebas<br />
1 `aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebi <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>~. Tbilisi. 2005<br />
2 `aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebi TbilisSi~. Tbilisi. 2007<br />
3 „<strong>genderuli</strong> problemebi gardamaval periodSi~. msoflio banki. 2002 w.<br />
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