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31 maisi - 6 ivnisi 2013mTargmneli_ grigol robaqiZis `qalRmerTisZaxili~, ori Tvis win rom gamoica,Tqveni erT-erTi bolo namuSevaria._ mogexsenebaT, gamomcemloba `artanujma~ganaxorciela proeqti `ucnobigrigol robaqiZe~ <strong>da</strong> literaturuliseriis saxiT mwerlis aqamde ucnobinawarmoebebi gamoaqveyna. proeqtisfarglebSi, `qalRmerTis Zaxilis~gar<strong>da</strong>, kidev ori romani vTargmne. esenia:`megi _ qarTveli gogona~ <strong>da</strong> `hitleriucxoeli mwerlis TvaliT~. cotaxnis win `artanujma~ sasaCuqre gamocemisprezentaciac gamarTa. wignSi samiromani Sevi<strong>da</strong>. am gamocemis saxiT `qal-RmerTis Zaxili~ <strong>da</strong> `megi _ qarTveligogona~ ukve meored <strong>da</strong>ibeW<strong>da</strong>. wignSiwarmodgenili mesame Txzuleba ki,`mcvelni graalisa~, Tamar kotrikaZisTargmnilia.moTxovna grigol robaqiZis nawarmoebebzeimdenad didia, rom, marTaligiTxraT, mikvirs kidec. vfiqrob, sazogadoebismxri<strong>da</strong>n amgvari cxoveliinteresis mizezi nawarmoebebis mxatvruliRirebuleba ki ara, mwerlistragikuli bedia <strong>da</strong> mkiTxvelis survili,meti Seityos am a<strong>da</strong>mianis cxovrebasa<strong>da</strong> Semoqmedebaze. Tumca, albaT,gaxsovT, grigol robaqiZe qarTvelmkiTxvels maSin ufro izi<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong>, rocamisi `gvelis perangis~ amara iyo, xolosxva nawarmoebebs TiTqmis ar icnob<strong>da</strong>.sxvaTa Soris, Tavis droze am romanmagermanel mkiTxvelSic didi interesigamoiwvia. gamocemisTvis winasityvaobaStefan cvaigma <strong>da</strong>wera.mogexsenebaT, grigol robaqiZe sam-Soblo<strong>da</strong>n 1931 wels ga<strong>da</strong>ixvewa. germaniisliteraturul wreebSi is kargadmiiRes. misi pirveli romanis gamoqveynebas,uCveulo saTaurisa Tu naxevradmiTosuri siuJetis gamo, didi gamoxmaurebamohyva. vityodi, qarTveli mwerlispopularobaze garkveulwiladmisma biografiam, devnili mwerlis saxelmacimoqme<strong>da</strong>. germanelebs izi<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong>robaqiZiseuli uCveulo Txroba,maTTvis ucxo, egzotikuri iyo is kulturulisivrce, romelic `gvelis perangs~edo safuZvlad. samwuxarod,politikuri poziciis gamo, qarTvelimwerlisTvis germanuli gamomcemlobebiskari male <strong>da</strong>ixura <strong>da</strong> is iZulebuligax<strong>da</strong>, sacxovreblad SveicariaSiga<strong>da</strong>suliyo. gar<strong>da</strong>icvala martoobasa<strong>da</strong> siRaribeSi, Tumca mxatvruliprozis, publicisturinarkvevebisa <strong>da</strong> werilebis saxiT mdi<strong>da</strong>riliteratura <strong>da</strong>tova. dRes mwerlisSemoqmedeba xelmisawvdomiaqarTveli mkiTxvelisTvis. robaqiZisliteraturuli memkvidreobis Tavmoyrasa<strong>da</strong> gamoqveynebaze literaturismuzeummac izruna <strong>da</strong> ori TviswinaT gamosca xuTtomeuli, romlisSemdgeneli muzeumis sagamomcemloganyofilebis gamge lali comaia gaxlavT._ rogorc vici, `artanujis~proeqtSi monawile mTargmnelebirTuli amocanis winaSe ideqiT. romanebisdednebi xelT ar gqon<strong>da</strong>T. Sesabamisad,avtoris mier mSobliurenaze Seqmnili <strong>da</strong> Semdeg germanuladTargmnili nawarmoebebi un<strong>da</strong> gadmogeqarTulebinaT._ marTlac ase iyo. nawarmoebebi<strong>da</strong>li fanjikiZejarji fxovelijarji fxovelimgoni,<strong>da</strong>sveneba<strong>da</strong>vimsaxure<strong>da</strong>iwera qarTulad, originalebi<strong>da</strong>ikarga, Cven germanulad TargmniliteqstebiT un<strong>da</strong> gvexelmZRvanela. esioli samuSao ar gaxl<strong>da</strong>T. roca robaqiZesTargmni, un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswino isenobrivi formebi, kompozitebi, intonaciebi,`leqsika, midrekileba sityvaTqmnadobisadmi,mxolod mas rom ax-~asiaTebs, <strong>da</strong>icva azris gadmocemis,Txrobis miseuli manera, stili. sanamTargmnas Sevudgebodi, mwerlis publicisturiwerilebi gul<strong>da</strong>smiT Seviswavle,robaqiZiseuli ena gaviTavise.Targmnis procesSi _ erTgvar eqsperimentSi_ swored es <strong>da</strong>mexmara.rac Seexeba `hitlers~, Cemi mravalwlianimTargmnelobiTi gamocdilebamaZlevs safuZvels, vivaraudo, rom isgermanul enaze <strong>da</strong>werili Txzulebaa.zoga<strong>da</strong>d rom giTxraT, arcerTi avtorisTargmna, Tuki saqmes profesionaluradmiudgebi, ioli ar aris.nebismier teqstze muSaoba Sromatevadi<strong>da</strong> amavdroulad, Zalze sainteresosamuSao gaxlavT._ Tqveni cxovreba maRalmxatvrulliteraturasTanaa ga<strong>da</strong>jaWvuli.am SemTxvevaSi, Tomas manisa <strong>da</strong>maqs friSis Semoqmedebas vgulisxmob.maT teqstebze mravali weli imuSaveT.sainteresoa, rodis an ra vi-TarebaSi `SexvdiT~ am avtorebs?_ Tomas manTan `megobroba~ <strong>da</strong>sawyisisTvisioli iyo. maxsovs, mwerlismoTxrobebis krebuli mzaddebo<strong>da</strong> gamosacemad.am saqmes germanuli eniscnobili specialisti, oTar jinoriaxelmZRvanelob<strong>da</strong>. maSin <strong>da</strong>mwyebimTargmneli viyavi <strong>da</strong> erTi mcire zomisnovela, `imedis gacrueba~ SevarCie.saerTod, Tomas manTan Cems `urTier-Tobaze~ roca vlaparakob, ar SemiZliacnobili qarTveli mwerali konstantinelorTqifaniZe ar gavixseno. germaneliklasikosis erT-erTi yvelazegaxmaurebuli romanis, `budenbrokebis~pirveli qarTuli Targmanis Sesrulebaswored man momando. iqamde mxatvrulteqstebze muSaobis didigamocdileba ar mqonia. erTxans, meuRlisTxovniT, cnobili fexburTelebismemuarebs vTargmnidi. rogorc Cans,baton konstantines moswon<strong>da</strong> CemiTargmanebi.`budenbrokebi~ Tomas manis pirveliromania. is, SeiZleba iTqvas, tradiciuliromanis CarCoebSia moqceuli,literaturuli gazeTimTargmneli, Targmanis Teoretikosi, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis emeritusi, ivane maCablis premiislaureati <strong>da</strong>li fanjikiZe cnobili germanulenovani mwerlebis Semoqmedebas gasuli saukunis Sua wlebi<strong>da</strong>n Targmnis.ambobs, `ubralo~ araferi miTargmniao. marTlac, Tomas manis `jadosnuri mTa~, `budenbrokebi~, `avantiuristfeliqs krulis aRsareba~, maqs friSis `Homo Faber~, `viqnebi Tun<strong>da</strong>c gantenbaini~, iohan volfgang goeTes avtobiografiuliromani `poezia <strong>da</strong> sinamdvile~, ulrix plencdorfis `axalgazr<strong>da</strong> v-s axali vnebani~, herman hesesmcire proza, rainer maria rilkes werilebi, ingeborg baxmanisa <strong>da</strong> sxva avstrieli mwerlebis moTxrobebi <strong>da</strong> germanulenovanimwerlobis kidev araerTi sxva mxatvruli nimuSi qarTvelma mkiTxvelma mSobliur enaze swored <strong>da</strong>lifanjikiZis Targmanebis saSualebiT gaicno.igi avtoria araerTi Teoriuli naSromisa: `werilebi~, `Targmanis Teoria <strong>da</strong> praqtika~, `Targmanis axali Teoriebi<strong>da</strong> stilis ekvivalentobis problema~, `qarTuli Targmanis istoriis sakiTxebi~, `ena, Targmani, mkiTxveli~.mogvianebiT, 2006 wli<strong>da</strong>n, qalbatonma <strong>da</strong>lim Zalebi poeziis TargmnaSic mosinja. gadmoaqarTula avstrielipoetis feliqs braunis filosofiuri lirika <strong>da</strong> ingeborg baxmanis leqsi `Cemi frinveli~.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom samoc<strong>da</strong>Teqvsmeti wlisaa <strong>da</strong> rogorc Tavad gamimxila, pe<strong>da</strong>gogiuri saqmianobisa <strong>da</strong> didiliteraturis TargmnisTvis saWiro fizikur Zalebs sakuTar TavSi veRar poulobs, misi morigi Targmani, sul raRacoriode Tvis win gamoica. ase rom, mTargmneli <strong>da</strong>li fanjikiZe kvlav intensiurad muSaobs.siuJeturi xazi Zalze dinamikurad,cocxlad viTardeba, Tumca masSi im-TaviTve gamokveTilia maniseuli problematika,Rrma pasaJebi, msjelobanisikvdil-sicocxleze. erTi burJuaziuliojaxis oTxi Taobis cxovrebasa <strong>da</strong>maTi ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis istorias avtori imdenadostaturad yveba, rom mkiTxvel-Si gasaocar Tanaganc<strong>da</strong>s iwvevs. albaTamitom, germanulenovanma mkiTxvelmagamosvlisTanave uzomod Seiyvara romani.mwerlis sicocxleSi is aTasorasjergamoica.`budenbrokebi~ gacilebiT iolisaTargmneli iyo, vidre `jadosnurimTa~, romelsac Semdeg SeveWide._ `jadosnuri mTa~ ara Tu saTargmnelad,sakiTxava<strong>da</strong>c ar aris iolinawarmoebi. mkiTxvelisgan did gulisyurs,garkveul inteleqtualursafuZvels, momzadebas moiTxovs._ rogorc mkiTxveli uzomodgatacebuli viyavi am wigniT. Tav<strong>da</strong>pirveladromanma raRac mZafri,TiTqos <strong>da</strong>mTrgunveli STabeWdilebamoaxdina Cemze. misi Targmna mindo<strong>da</strong>.swored im dros gamomcemloba `sabWo-Ta saqarTvelom~ msoflio literaturisoTxmoctomeulis gamocema<strong>da</strong>iwyo. gamomcemlobis direqtorma,vaxtang WeliZem erT-erT tomad`budenbrokebis~ gamocema SemomTavaza.romani ukve <strong>da</strong>beWdilia, jobs `jadosnurmTas~ vTargmni <strong>da</strong> is gamovaqveynoT-meTqi.aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, rom gamomcemlobiserT-erT TanamSromels <strong>da</strong>eswroCemTvis <strong>da</strong> saqmes Sedgomo<strong>da</strong>. ra gaewyobo<strong>da</strong>?mTargmnelma samuSao ver <strong>da</strong>asrula,gar<strong>da</strong>icvala. garkveuli droisSemdeg, gamomcemlobis xelmZRvanelsigive TxovniT mivmarTe. `jadosnurmTamde~ `misvla~ mainc ar aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>ioli. amjerad romanis Targmnis uflebazepretenzia gansvenebulis <strong>da</strong>m ganacxa<strong>da</strong>.ukan aRar <strong>da</strong>mixevia, vaxtangWeliZes SevTavaze, Tqvens kabinetSi<strong>da</strong>vsxdebiT <strong>da</strong> romanis TiTo gverdsuleqsikonod vTargmniT, Tuki pretendentiam amocanas Tavs gaarTmevs, uarsvityvi Cems survilze-meTqi. Tumcagamowveva gamowvevad <strong>da</strong>rCa <strong>da</strong> `jadosnurimTa~ me mergo._ <strong>da</strong>rwmunebuli var, Zalze Sinaarsiani,saintereso, emociurad<strong>da</strong>tvirTuli samuSao procesi iqnebo<strong>da</strong>,es marTlac jadosnuri teqstiTqvens Sinagan samyaroze, <strong>da</strong> Sesa-interviu<strong>da</strong>sasruli me-14 gverdze13Zloa, yoveldRiur cxovrebazec imoqmedeb<strong>da</strong>.ase iyo?_ erTianad moculi, Sepyrobiliviyavi nawarmoebiT. xan<strong>da</strong>xan Sevxe<strong>da</strong>vxolme im aTasgverdian urTules Txzulebas<strong>da</strong> gaucxoebis ganc<strong>da</strong> meufleba,nuTu es Cemi Targmnilia-meTqi?rogor siRrmiseulad ikvlevs sicocxliswarmoSobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxebsavtori, romel sferoze armsjelobs, ra Temebs ar ga<strong>da</strong>swvdeba!mecnierebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>da</strong>rgSi mis ganswavlulobasgancvifrebaSi mohyavxar.saocari samyaro iSleba Sens Tvalwin,azrobrivad Zalze <strong>da</strong>tvirTuli,mravalferovani samyaro! misi aRqma,masSi gzis gakvleva did Sromas, interess,erudicias moiTxovs. maxsovs,rogor <strong>da</strong>mTrgunvelad moqmedeb<strong>da</strong>Cemze yoveldRiuri `Sexeba~ sikvdilTan.Tomas mani xom aRiarebuli ostatiasikvdilTan urTierTobisa._ didxans TargmnidiT?_ <strong>da</strong>axloebiT xuTi weli movandome.iyo periodebi, roca samuSaodver viclidi. `jadosnuri mTisTvis~sakmarisi ar iyo magi<strong>da</strong>sTan cota xniT<strong>da</strong>jdoma, garkveuli adgilebis naCqarevadTargmna <strong>da</strong> Semdeg sxva saqmiT<strong>da</strong>kaveba. zafxulobiT bavSvebs <strong>da</strong>sasvenebladrom gavistumrebdi, saSulebamqon<strong>da</strong>, intensiurad memuSava._ Tqveni profesiuli Tu SemoqmedebiTikavSiri Tomas manTan `jadosnurimTiT~ ar <strong>da</strong>srulebula.kidev erT romanze `avantiurist feliqskrulis aRsarebaze~ imuSaveT.samive nawarmoebi stilisturad gansxvavebula<strong>da</strong>a<strong>da</strong>werili. araerTimTargmnelisa Tu kritikosis azriT,Tqven mier Targmnil teqstebSi originalisstilisturi Taviseburebaniostatura<strong>da</strong>a SenarCunebuli, gadmoqarTulebuli._ Tomas mans, rogorc yvela didmwerals, gaaCnia sakuTari stilisturisistema, romliTac misi nawarmoebebiicnoba. amavdroulad, TiToeulnawarmoebs Tavisi stilisturi saxeaqvs. sxvaa `budenbrokebi~ _ tradiciuliromani inteleqtualuri prozissawyisebiT, maniseuli msjelobebiT,Rrmad gancdili metyvelebiT <strong>da</strong> imgvariliteraturuli xerxebiT, `tradiciulis~CarCoebs rom scildeba; sxvaa`jadosnuri mTa~ _ uzomod mdi<strong>da</strong>rigamomxatvelobiTi saSualebebiT,mravalferovani TematikiT, siRrmiseulad<strong>da</strong>muSavebuli sferoebiT,virtuozulad Seqmnili personaJebiT,maTi <strong>da</strong>uviwyari portretebiT; <strong>da</strong> sulsxvaa `avantiurist feliqs krulis aRsareba~_ pikareskul JanrSi, msubuqad,TiTqos TamaS-TamaSiT <strong>da</strong>werilisaTavga<strong>da</strong>savlo romani, Tumca isic _Zalze saintereso <strong>da</strong> STambeW<strong>da</strong>vi. Cemiamocana iyo, SemenarCunebina, zedmiwevniT<strong>da</strong>mecva avtoriseuli stili, gamomeZebnaimgvari enobrivi saSualebebi,dednis enobriv saSualebaTa Sesatyvisirom iqnebo<strong>da</strong>. SevZeli kidec.yalbi Tavm<strong>da</strong>bloba ar mCvevia._ xSirad mTargmnels Tanaavtora<strong>da</strong>cki moiazreben. am TvalsazrisiTmisi pasuxismgebloba avtorisa <strong>da</strong>originaluri teqstisadmi gansakuTrebiTmaRalia._ sabWoTa periodSi TargmanisTeoriisa <strong>da</strong> praqtikis sakiTxebzeZalian saintereso literatura ibeWdebo<strong>da</strong>.intensiurad vecnobodi seriebs`Ìàñòåðñòâî ïåðåâîäà~ <strong>da</strong> `Òåòðàäèïåðåâîä÷èêà~. dRemde maxsovs erTisomexi mTargmnelis statia, romelSicavtori Tavis gamocdilebas gviziareb<strong>da</strong>_ muSaobis procesSi dgebawami, roca mweralTan imgvar SinaganerTobas ganicdi, TiTqos misi suli<strong>da</strong>gepatrona <strong>da</strong> gawerinebso. aseTi rammec ga<strong>da</strong>mxdenia. `jadosnur mTaSi~erTi Zalian rTuli Tavia. masze muSaobagamiWir<strong>da</strong>. zoga<strong>da</strong>d, imdenad momzadebuliviyavi xolme teqstis saTargmnelad,gverdis xelmeored ga<strong>da</strong>weraar mWirdebo<strong>da</strong>, re<strong>da</strong>qtirebas gavukeTebdi<strong>da</strong> mbeW<strong>da</strong>vTan mimqon<strong>da</strong>. im
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