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evening_tao / Freepik
Transmission and substations
Aset of transmission lines interconnected with substations,
cutting across various geographic regions of Brazil, forms
what is called the Transmission System. Of this system,
more than 20 thousand km are part of the basic Furnas network, configured
on lines with voltages of 138, 230, 345, 500, 750 and ± 600 kV,
which pass through eight states and the Federal District. The Furnas System
is generally supervised by the System Operation Center, in articulation
with the regional operation centers. The Information from the most
remote regional areas are transmitted via communication technologies
that bring these operating centers a complete online overview of the entire
system, using real-time computer systems (SOL) and state-of-theart
video wall technologies.
The regional operation centers have as mainly functions the coordination
of maneuvers and the normalization the electrical system after
any disturbances. They are: Minas Regional Center, located at Furnas
Hydroelectric Power Plant, in whose area of responsibility are included
the Grande River power plants; Rio Regional Center, located in the
Jacarepaguá Substation, in whose area of responsibility are the feeding
trunks of the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo; São Paulo Regional
Center, located in the Campinas Substation, with responsibility
for the São Paulo metropolitan area power trunks and the Transmission
System of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant; Goiás Regional Center,
located in the Itumbiara Power Plant, in whose area of responsibility
the feeding trunks to the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, part of Tocantins
and the Federal District stand out. The System Operation Center
and the Telecommunications Supervision Center are located in Rio de
Janeiro.
Itaipu System - Among the projects built and operated by Furnas,
stands out the Itaipu Transmission System (power plant on the border
between Brazil and Paraguay) integrated by five transmission lines that
cross 900 km from the state of Paraná to São Paulo state. This system
has three 750 kV alternating current lines and two ± 600 kV direct current
lines, necessary to overcome the problem of different frequencies used
by Brazil and Paraguay. In the case of substations, Furnas' transmission
system currently comprises 75 substations, of which 54 are owned (14 by
their hydroelectric and thermoelectric power plants) and 21 under the
partnership regime.
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