2oo2/1 - Fakulteta za arhitekturo - Univerza v Ljubljani

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AR 2oo2 / 1 Domen Kušar, Alojz Muhiè GRAFIKA ARHITEKTA (SENCE KOT SESTAVNI DEL ŠTUDIJA OPISNE GEOMETRIJE) AN ARCHITECT'S GRAPHICS SHADOWS AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY povzetek Sence so fizikalen pojav, ki imajo zaradi poudarjanja tretje dimenzije morda celo veèjo te�o v arhitekturi ter likovni umetnosti, kot pa v fiziki. Risanje senc namreè predstavlja enega od naèinov, kako trodimenzionalni prostor bolj jasno in razumljivo predstaviti na dvodimenzionalni medij. Raziskava se je ukvarjala s problemom vloge senc v arhitekturi in v študiju opisne geometrije. Analiza naèrtov, skic in perspektiv je pokazala, da so imele senco veliko vlogo v preteklosti, ko so jih tudi bolj mno�ièno in skrbno risali kot arhitekti preteklega stoletja. Vendar imajo svojo vrednost tudi sedaj, ko raèunalnik omogoèa hitro, enostavno in natanèno senèenje. Analiza risb študentov ter pogovori z njimi so pokazali, da imajo sence zaradi svoje lepote veliko vrednost pri seznanjanju z opisno geometrijo ter prispevajo k razvijanju prostorske predstave. raziskava, research summary Shadows are a physical phenomenon which due to its emphasis of the third dimension might have acquired more significance in architecture and fine arts than in physics. Shadow drawing thus represents one of the ways in which a three-dimensional space may be more clearly and comprehensively demonstrated on a two-dimensional medium. The research focused on the role shadows play in architecture and the study of descriptive geometry. An analysis of plans, sketches and perspectives showed that shadows played a significant role in the past when they were drawn by architects more numerously and carefully than in the previous century. Nevertheless, shadows have preserved their value even in the computer era, with the computer allowing for fast, easy and precise shadowing. An analysis of students' drawings and interviews with them revealed that shadows with their captivating beauty were indeed valuable in an introduction to descriptive geometry and as such contributed to the development of space perception. dose�eni cilji, namen in rezultati aims achieved, intentions and results Raziskava je potrdila hipotezo o pomembnosti senc v arhitekturi. Analiza uporabljenih opisnogeometrijskih postopkov v študentskih vajah je pokazala uèinkovitost senc kot metode za uèenje opisne geometrije. problematika v arhitekturi, umestitev obravnavane teme v te tokove in njen pomen �e be�en pregled risb arhitektov je pokazal, da je za boljšo predstavo zamišljenega objekta potrebna senca. Kljub temu pa marsikdo jemlje senco kot likovni element. Èe pri tem ne gleda na njeno pravilnost, lahko naredi risbo zavajujoèo. Po drugi strani pa je uèenje senc dober motiv za izboljšanje prostorske predstave, ki je potrebna vsakemu arhitektu. kljuène besede arhitektura, opisna geometrija, sence The research confirmed the hypothesis concerning the importance of shadows in architecture. The analysis of the procedures applied by the descriptive geometry during practice classes with undergraduates revealed that shadows are an effective method for the study of descriptive geometry. problematics, topic placement and significance in architecture A mere glimpse at architects' drawings showed that shadows improve the capability of envisaging the image of an object. Yet, there are many who believe that the shadow is merely a fine-art element. Such a belief may cause disregard for its regularity and may result in deceiving drawings. The study of shadows may therefore improve space perception, a sine qua non for any architect. key words architecture, descriptive geometry, shadows 59
Domen Kušar Po�ar gledališèa Fenice (Benetke) je leta 1996 popolnoma unièil stavbo 60 Po silovitem po�aru leta 1833 so Rilski samostan (Bolgarija) pregradili s po�arnimi stenami Pleènikova cerkev sv. Mihaela na Barju Notranjšèina cerkve je veèinoma lesena Naèrt evakuacijskih poti ter razporeditev gasilnih aparatov v pritlièju (levo) in nadstropju (desno) cerkve sv. Mihaela na Barju 2oo2 / 1 AR Redne gasilske vaje (katedrala v Norwichu) pripomorejo k boljši uèinkovitosti gasilcev
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AR ARLjubljana ISSN 1580-5573 2002
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aziskovalnega programa potrebno ana
Page 5 and 6: Vladimir Brezar THE VICIOUS CIRCLE
Page 7 and 8: Vladimir Brezar THE VICIOUS CIRCLE
Page 9 and 10: Peter Fister IZVOR "BOVŠKE HIŠE"
Page 11 and 12: Peter Fister IZVOR "BOVŠKE HIŠE"
Page 13 and 14: Borut Juvanec povzetek Horreo, espi
Page 15 and 16: Borut Juvanec PRERISOVANJE ALI IZVO
Page 17 and 18: Igor Kalèiè PROJEKTIRANJE NA DALJ
Page 19 and 20: Igor Kalèiè PROJEKTIRANJE NA DALJ
Page 21 and 22: Igor Kalèiè RAÈUNALNIK IN METODA
Page 23 and 24: Igor Kalèiè RAÈUNALNIK IN METODA
Page 25 and 26: Domen Kušar VARSTVO ARHITEKTURNE D
Page 27 and 28: Domen Kušar UKREP �E UVEDEN Enkr
Page 29 and 30: Jo�e Kušar DIMENZIONIRANJE LESEN
Page 31 and 32: Jo�e Kušar DIMENZIONIRANJE LESEN
Page 33 and 34: Peter Marolt SVETO KOT VREDNOTA pov
Page 35 and 36: Peter Marolt SVETO KOT VREDNOTA Sve
Page 37 and 38: Martina Zbašnik-Senegaènik, Janez
Page 39 and 40: Martina Zbašnik-Senegaènik, Janez
Page 41 and 42: Tadeja Zupanèiè-Strojan ÈAR VODE
Page 43 and 44: Tadeja Zupanèiè-Strojan ÈAR VODE
Page 45 and 46: Vladimir Brezar Streetscape in Tuni
Page 47 and 48: Peter Fister 50 protokolarno stopni
Page 49 and 50: Borut Juvanec 52 Espiqueiro, PORTUG
Page 51 and 52: Igor Kalèiè Projektiranje in komp
Page 53 and 54: Igor Kalèiè 56 2oo2 / 1 AR
Page 55: Domen Kušar, Alojz Muhiè Študija
Page 59 and 60: Jo�e Kušar 62 Lesena konstrukcij
Page 61 and 62: Ljubo Lah Prenovo zgodovinskih komp
Page 63 and 64: Peter Marolt Peter Marolt: zasebnos
Page 65 and 66: Igor Seljak Stanovanjsko naselje v
Page 67 and 68: Martina Zbašnik Senegaènik, Janez
Page 69 and 70: Tadeja Zupanèiè Strojan VODNI IZV
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2oo2/1 - Fakulteta za arhitekturo - Univerza v Ljubljani

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