AR <strong>2oo2</strong> / 1 Domen Kušar PROTIPO�ARNO VAROVANJE ARHITEKTURNE DEDIŠÈINE (PRIMER PLEÈNIKOVE CERKVE SV. MIHAELA) THE FIRE PROTECTION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE (THE CASE STUDY OF JO�E PLEÈNIK'S ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH) povzetek Raziskava obravnava podroèje protipo�arnega varstva arhitekturne dedišèine. To je dokaj problematièno podroèje, saj se tu kri�ajo interesi dveh strok, protipo�arnega varovanja in spomeniškega varstva. Prvo navadno <strong>za</strong>hteva doloèene posege, ki spremenijo strukturo in podobo zgradbe, kar pa je <strong>za</strong> drugo veèinoma te�ko ali celo nesprejemljivo. Naloga skuša poiskati tiste dejavnike, ki ob èim manjših posegih <strong>za</strong>gotavljajo protipo�arno varnost. Te dejavnike predstavljajo razlièni pasivni in aktivni ukrepi protipo�arne <strong>za</strong>šèite. Na njihovi osnovi je bil <strong>za</strong>snovan model analize in ukrepov protipo�arne <strong>za</strong>šèite arhitektonske dedišèine. Model je bil preskušen na praktiènem primeru Pleènikove cerkve sv. Mihaela na Barju. Preskus je poka<strong>za</strong>l, da je mo�no �e s preprostimi ukrepi, <strong>za</strong> katere ni nujno, da posegajo v podobo stavbe, izboljšati protipo�arno varnost. raziskava, research summary The fire protection of architectural heritage poses several problems because of the conflict of interests existing between fire protection and heritage preservation. Fire protection calls for interventions altering the structure and image of the building which are difficult or impossible to accept by heritage preservation. The research aims at identifying the factors which ensure fire protection with the least intervention possible. These factors are represented by various passive and active fire protection measures. The model has been tested on the practical example of Jo�e Pleènik's St. Michael's Barje Church. The test has shown that even simple measures which not necessarily interfere with the image of a building may improve its fire protection. dose�eni cilji, namen in rezultati aims achieved, intentions and results Protipo�arna varnost predstavlja problem pri varovanju lesene (oziroma gorljive) arhitekturne dedišène. Tudi brez veèjih gradbenih posegov je mogoèe z doloèenimi preventivnimi ukrepi zmanjšati po�arno ogro�enost. Preventivne in aktivne ukrepe je mo�no pove<strong>za</strong>ti v model <strong>za</strong> izboljšanje protipo�arne varnosti. problematika v arhitekturi, umestitev obravnavane teme v te tokove in njen pomen Varovanje spomeniško <strong>za</strong>varovanega, vendar po�arno ogro�enega objekta ob èim manjšem posegu v obstojeèe stanje. kljuène besede varovanje arhitekturne dedišèine, po�ar, Pleènik, sv. Mihael One of the problems encountered in the protection and preservation of wooden and/or inflammable examples of architectural heritage is that of fire protection. Preventive and active measures may be embodied in a model aiming at improving fire protection. problematics, topic placement and significance in architecture The research deals with the protection of an example of architectural heritage, susceptible to a fire outburst, with as least interventions in the building as possible. key words preservation of architectural heritage, fire, Pleènik, St. Michael 61
Jo�e Kušar 62 Lesena konstrukcija je �e od nekdaj glavna sestavina arhitekture Po: Wilhelm J., ARCHITECTURAE CIVILIS, Nûrnberg 1668, Nachdruck Curt R. Vincentz Verlag, Hannover, 1977 <strong>2oo2</strong> / 1 AR