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Å UMARSKI LIST 4/1952

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it is nacessary to determinate the resultant: e. g. the economical purpose, in this<br />

case the selection of species or the alteration of the proportion of their composition<br />

too.<br />

Only on the basis of such a solution should be determinated sylvicultutral<br />

method and working technics.<br />

In many stands of ours the alteration of the proportion of the species was<br />

developed more by the influence of the uncouscions economical actions, than by<br />

conscions ones.<br />

In order to increase the yield value of these forests the author proposes chiefly<br />

as follows:<br />

a) to check the process of the conversion the mixed oak-stands into the<br />

hornbeam-beech — and ash-stands; the mixed beech-stands into the hornbeam ones<br />

and mixed fir stands into beech ones,<br />

b) to check the process of the running wild of the weeds in the stands,<br />

c) to speed up the process of the penetration the fir stands into beech ones,<br />

d) to speed up the conversion process of the pine plantations in the Mediterranean<br />

into mixed crops of the indigenous brood-leaved species (as well as for the<br />

esthetical reason),<br />

e) to establish the pioneer-plantations and meliorate some stands by the<br />

.underplanting.<br />

Ing. Branislav Stamenković (Beograd)<br />

O PROIZVODNJI I POTROŠNJI CELULOZNOG DRVETA I<br />

NJEGOVIH PROIZVODA KOD NAS I U SVETU<br />

Celulozno drvo kao sirovina za proizvodnju celuloze i drvenjače<br />

Količine celuloznog drveta, koje se prilikom eksploatacije šuma<br />

dobijaju iz ukupne drvne mase, različite su u raznim zemljama. Na primer,<br />

iz ukupne drvne mase četinara procenat učešća celuloznog drveta je:<br />

Švedska<br />

Kanada<br />

Finska<br />

SAD<br />

Austrija<br />

Z. Nemačka<br />

Japan<br />

1949 god<br />

40,0<br />

36,0<br />

23,8<br />

21,0<br />

20,2<br />

11,2<br />

3,6<br />

Prošek 1947/50 god.<br />

Jugoslavija 3,8<br />

Slovenija 5,2<br />

B.iH. 3,6<br />

Hrvatska 3,1<br />

Crna Gora 0,8<br />

Srbija 0,3<br />

Makedonija 0,0<br />

Ukoliko bi htjeli da ovako različite odnose celuloznog drveta u<br />

ukupnoj drvnoj masi objasnimo samo tehničkim svojstvima celuloznog<br />

drveta i strukturom šuma, objašnjenje bi bilo nepotpuno, iz dva razloga.<br />

Prvo, što se za proizvodnju celuloze može 100% upotrebiti cepano drvo,<br />

a za proizvodnju drvenjače, pored oblog drveta, i znatne količine cepanog<br />

drveta. Drugo, što procenat dobijanja celuloznog drveta iz ukupne drvne<br />

mase zavisi od strukture šuma samo onda, kada pored potrebnih celuloznih<br />

oblica trebamo dobiti i određene količine ostalog tankog oblog<br />

drveta (jamsko drvo i slično).<br />

Ali pored ovih čisto tehničkih elemenata na proizvodnju celuloznog<br />

drveta najhitnije utiču ekonomski uslovi. Ova će nam konstatacija biti<br />

mnogo jasnija ukoliko se bliže upoznamo sa razvojem proizvodnje ćelu-<br />

100

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