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(c) 3Kbps (d) 6Kbps Answers 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10. D Unit 5 CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER 1. TwobinaryrandomvariablesXandYaredistributedaccordingtothejointDistributiongivenasP(X= Y=0)= P(X=Y=1)=P(X=Y=1)=1/3.Then, (a) H(X)+H(Y)=1. (b) H(Y)=2.H(X) (c) H(X)=H(Y) (d) H(X)=2.H(Y) 2. Relative to Hard decision decoding, soft decision decoding results in (a) less circuit complexity (b) better bit error probability (c) better coding gain (d) lesser coding gain
3. .Under error free reception, the syndrome vector computed for the received cyclic code word consists of (a) alternate 1‘s and 0‘s starting with a 1 (b) all ones (c) all zeros (d) alternate 0‘s and 1‘s starting with a 0 4. Source 1 is transmitting two messages with probabilities 0.2 and 0.8 and Source2 is transmitting two messages with Probabilities 0.5 and 0.5. Then (a) MaximumuncertaintyisassociatedwithSource1 (b) Boththesources1and2arehavingmaximumamountofuncertaintyassociated (c) There is no uncertainty associated with either of the two sources. (d) MaximumuncertaintyisassociatedwithSource2 5. The Hamming Weight of the(6,3) Linear Block coded word 101011 (a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3 6. If X is the transmitter and Y is the receiver and if the channel is the noise free, then the mutual information I(X,Y) is equal to (a) Conditional Entropy of the receiver, given the source (b) Conditional Entropy of the source, given the receiver (c) Entropy of the source (d) Joint entropy of the source and receiver 7. In a Linear Block code (a) the received power varies linearly with that of the transmitted power (b) parity bits of the code word are the linear combination of the message bits (c) the communication channel is a linear system (d) the encoder satisfies superposition principle
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DC COURSE FILE
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GEETHANJALI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
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Convolution Codes: Encoding, decodi
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III. To inculcate positive attitude
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7. Importance of the course and how
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DC 12: Compute the power and bandwi
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10. Course mapping with PEO’s and
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13.Micro plan : Sl. no Unit No. Tot
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14.Detailed Notes UNIT 1 : Elements
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A communication system may transmit
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the wavelength is extremely long, m
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asic elements of digital communicat
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4. Channel introduced many types of
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5. Bandwidth is another scarce reso
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Pulse Code Modulation ‣ PCM gener
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77777333333333333333333333333333333
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• The most common technique for s
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Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) : • P
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Figure 3.11 Illustration of the qua
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Quantization (nonuniform quantizer)
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Time-Division Multiplexing(TDM):
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Let m n where T The error signal is
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3. Simplify receiver design Because
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Figure 3.27 Block diagram illustrat
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Adaptive Differential Pulse-Code Mo
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ASK, OOK, MASK: • The amplitude (
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Frequency Shift Keying: • One fre
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s t Acos 2f ct 3 Acos 2f
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QAM and QPR: • QAM is a combinati
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Generation and Detection of Coheren
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Figure 6.29 Signal-space diagram fo
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UNIT 3 Base Band Transmission And O
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• The tails of hI(t) decay as 1/|
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• precoding d b d k k k2 symbol 1
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h( t) N 1 n w n sin c t T b
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• Equalization : to compensate fo
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e n y n 2E en 2E en 2Eenxnk
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- Flexibility - Same H/W may be tim
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Interpretation of Eye Diagram:
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The set of source symbols is called
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We will usually neglect to mention
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Note that if Condition1 is satisfie
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where dmin is the minimum Hamming d
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Linear Block Codes - example 1: •
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• S null can be represented by it
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G 1 0 I | P 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
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• Compared with the systematic co
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Convolutional Codes ◊ The encoder
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Convolution Codes ‣ Encoding, ‣
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x m m ''' j j 2 j Here each messa
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Representing convolutional codes: C
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- encoder state diagram for (n,k,L)
Page 115 and 116: • For this reason the non-survive
Page 117 and 118: sequence is 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 (why?). N
Page 119 and 120: Error Correction: • If there is n
Page 121 and 122: correct:1+1+2+2+2=8;8 ( 0.11) 0.88
Page 123 and 124: Motivation: Performance of Turbo Co
Page 125 and 126: Performance as a Function of Number
Page 127 and 128: General Model of Spread Spectrum Sy
Page 129 and 130: Slow and Fast FHSS: • Frequency s
Page 131 and 132: - 10 bit spreading code spreads sig
Page 133 and 134: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Usi
Page 135 and 136: 15.Additional Topics: Voice coders
Page 137 and 138: 'Toll Quality' voice coders, such a
Page 139 and 140: The well-known Shannon-Hartley law
Page 141 and 142: its for a known permutation of the
Page 143 and 144: 16. Question papers: B. Tech III Ye
Page 145 and 146: e received code word 110110. Commen
Page 147 and 148: 17. Question Bank 1. (a) State and
Page 149 and 150: 21. A Discrete Memory less Source (
Page 151 and 152: 19. Unit wise Bits CHOOSE THE CORRE
Page 153 and 154: (d) 5 Answers 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6
Page 155 and 156: (b) its capacity gets doubled (c) i
Page 157 and 158: (d) 6 5. The cascade of two binary
Page 159 and 160: CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER 1. The mi
Page 161 and 162: 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.
Page 163 and 164: (b) H(X/Y)=1bit/message (c) H(X,Y)=
Page 165: (d) log m bits/symbol 6. Theencoder
Page 169 and 170: 10.B Code No: 56026 Set No. 1 JAWAH
Page 171 and 172: code No: 56026 Set No. 2 JAWAHARLAL
Page 173 and 174: B) (Power required)/( Minimum Band
Page 175 and 176: A) 5 B) 4 C) 2 D) 3 3. Which of the
Page 177 and 178: Code No: 56026 Set No. 2 JAWAHARLAL
Page 179 and 180: A) maximum when the source is conti
Page 181 and 182: Code No: 56026 :2: Set No. 4 II Fil
Page 183 and 184: Code No: 07A5EC09 Set No. 2 JAWAHAR
Page 185 and 186: Cont…..2 Code No: 07A5EC09 :2: Se
Page 187 and 188: 8) For the data word 1110 in a (7,
Page 191 and 192: a) 0 bits b) 1 bit c) 2 bits d) inf
Page 195 and 196: a) increase with its certainty of o
Page 197 and 198: Code No: 07A5EC09 :2: Set No.4 10)
Page 199 and 200: Amplitude of 1v.This speech signal
Page 201 and 202: . Self Information c. Logarithmic m
Page 203 and 204: 75. What are the advantages and dis
Page 205 and 206: 22. Discussion Topics: Data transmi
Page 207 and 208: Applications and history Data (main
Page 209 and 210: o o Mesh network Wireless network A
Page 211 and 212: 25. STUDENTS LIST B.TECH III YEAR I
Page 213 and 214: 48 13R11A04L3 M SAI KUMAR 49 14R18A
Page 215 and 216: Group 8: 36 13R11A04K1 POLISETTY VE
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Unit 2 Pulse-Amplitude Modulation :
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Unit 3 Differential Pulse-Code Modu
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MISSING TOPICS UNIT 1 Hartley's law
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encoding the desired information an
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• f c denotes center frequency
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An interleaver installed between th
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Subject Contents 1.7. 1. Synopsis p
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