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Indholdsfortegnelse DIDAKTISK KOMPETENCE I KUNSTNERISKE MUSIKUDDANNELSER PROLOG ......................................................................................................................................6 KAPITEL 1: INDLEDNING ..............................................................................................................6 1.1 Indledning .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Problemformulering.............................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.3 Afgrænsning og problemfelt .............................................................................................................................................. 7 1.4 Egen baggrund ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 KAPITEL 2: AFHANDLINGEN SET I RELATION TIL ANDEN FORSKNING I GOD UNDERVISNING ........8 2.1 Indledning .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Den autentiske lærer............................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.3 Musikalske færdigheder....................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Lærerens rolle ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.5 Effektiv undervisning......................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.6 Instrumentalundervisning på de professionelle musikuddannelser ............................................................ 13 KAPITEL 3: UNDERSØGELSENS METODE.....................................................................................13 3.1 Indledning ............................................................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Forskningsdesign................................................................................................................................................................. 13 3.2.1 Undervisningsobservation ............................................................................................................................................. 14 3.2.2 Det kvalitative interview ................................................................................................................................................ 15 3.2.3 Den kvantitative survey .................................................................................................................................................. 15 3.3 Feltarbejdet ............................................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.3.1 Udvælgelse af interviewpersoner................................................................................................................................ 16 3.3.2 Undervisningsobservation ............................................................................................................................................. 16 3.3.3 Interviews.............................................................................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.4 Survey...................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 Etiske aspekter...................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.5 Undersøgelsens troværdighed....................................................................................................................................... 19 KAPITEL 4: TEORETISK PERSPEKTIV............................................................................................20 4.1 Indledning ................................................................................................................................................................................ 20 4.2 Pædagogisk professionalitet........................................................................................................................................... 20 4.3 Praktikerens faglighed....................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.3.1 Den reflekterende praktiker.......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3.2 We can know more than we can tell.......................................................................................................................... 24 4.4 Et centralt begreb: Al videns ophav er menneskets undren ............................................................................. 24 4.5 Opsummering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 25 KAPTITEL 5: ANALYSE AF UNDERVISNINGSOBSERVATIONER......................................................25 5.1 Indledning ............................................................................................................................................................................... 25 5.2 L1 – En reflekterende dialog med situationen ........................................................................................................ 26 5.3 L2 – Strukturen i refleksion-‐i-‐handling...................................................................................................................... 28 5.4 L3 – I lære hos den eminente udøver: En clinic set som mesterlære............................................................ 32 5.5 L4 – En 1-‐til-‐1 lektion set som mesterlære............................................................................................................... 35 5.6 Hvad er det, der foregår?.................................................................................................................................................. 38 Torben Westergaard, 20064905 Didaktik, Musikpædagogik, Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitetsskole, Aarhus Universitet 4
DIDAKTISK KOMPETENCE I KUNSTNERISKE MUSIKUDDANNELSER 5.6.1 Undervisningens indhold................................................................................................................................................ 38 5.6.2 Tavs videns struktur, ’pegning’ og det ordløse...................................................................................................... 40 5.7 Opsummering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 42 KAPITEL 6: ANALYSE AF INTERVIEWS .........................................................................................43 6.1 Interviews ............................................................................................................................................................................... 43 6.2 Fagkompetence..................................................................................................................................................................... 44 6.2.1 At kende sit fag: Det ’teoretiske’ overblik................................................................................................................ 45 6.2.2 At kunne sit fag: Praktisk, faglig kunnen ................................................................................................................ 46 6.2.3 At formidle sit fag: Emne- og opgaveformuleringer på fagvidenskabeligt grundlag.......................... 47 6.2.3.1 Basisfaglighed.................................................................................................................................................................. 48 6.2.3.2 Opsummering: Om professionel viden................................................................................................................... 49 6.3 Analysekompetence............................................................................................................................................................ 51 6.4 Planlægningskompetence ................................................................................................................................................ 53 6.5 Kommunikationskompetence ........................................................................................................................................ 54 6.6 Iscenesættelseskompetence............................................................................................................................................ 56 6.6.1 Tavs videns to termer – ”proces, proces, proces!”................................................................................................ 56 6.6.2 Imitation – ”dwelling in the mind of its creator” ................................................................................................. 59 6.6.3 At inspirere og motivere ................................................................................................................................................. 60 6.7 Opdragelseskompetence................................................................................................................................................... 61 6.7.1 At indgå en arbejdsalliance........................................................................................................................................... 61 6.7.2 De studerende som ’fornuftsstyrede’ væsener....................................................................................................... 62 6.8 Opsummering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 63 KAPITEL 7: ANALYSE AF SURVEY ................................................................................................63 7.1 Survey blandt de studerende.......................................................................................................................................... 63 7.2 Opsummering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 71 KAPITEL 8: RESULTATUDVIKLING ...............................................................................................72 8.1 Indledning ............................................................................................................................................................................... 72 8.2 Vurdering af undersøgelsesmetoden .......................................................................................................................... 72 8.3 Diskussion af resultater .................................................................................................................................................... 73 8.3.1 Undervisningsobservation vs. interviews ................................................................................................................ 73 8.3.2 Den argumentative dialog............................................................................................................................................. 75 8.3.2.1 I musikkens verden........................................................................................................................................................ 75 8.3.2.2 I pædagogikkens verden ............................................................................................................................................. 77 8.3.3 Det integrative relationsfelt.......................................................................................................................................... 78 8.3.4 Pædagogisk praksis vs. survey ..................................................................................................................................... 79 8.5 Opsummering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 79 KAPITEL 9: KONKLUSION ...........................................................................................................79 9.1 Konklusion .............................................................................................................................................................................. 79 KAPITEL 10: PERSPEKTIVERING..................................................................................................82 10.1 Perspektivering.................................................................................................................................................................. 82 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................84 BILAGSOVERSIGT.......................................................................................................................85 LITTERATUR...............................................................................................................................85 BILAG ........................................................................................................................................88 Bilag 1 Skriftlig henvendelse til lærere om deltagelse................................................................................................ 88 Bilag 2 Survey–spørgsmål ....................................................................................................................................................... 89 Torben Westergaard, 20064905 Didaktik, Musikpædagogik, Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitetsskole, Aarhus Universitet 5
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