Hent Vibrationskompendiet her - Fredericia Maskinmesterskole

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Vibrationsmåling – vibrationsanalyse – balancering Oliesmæld .................................................................................................................................................................53 For stort spillerum i glidelejer...................................................................................................................................53 Løsgang i glidelejer...................................................................................................................................................54 Slid på tryklejer.............................................................................................................................................................54 Resonans .......................................................................................................................................................................54 Fleksibelt fundament.....................................................................................................................................................55 Eksterne vibration .........................................................................................................................................................55 Vibrationsproblemer fremkaldt ved elektricitet ............................................................................................................55 Induktionsmotorer.....................................................................................................................................................55 Rotorproblemer i vekselstrømsmotorer.....................................................................................................................56 Løse dele i vekselstrømsmotorer...............................................................................................................................56 Spolestøj i vekselstrømsmotorer ...............................................................................................................................56 Forkert kommutator-børste kontakt i jævnstrømsmotorer.........................................................................................57 Pumpeproblemer ...........................................................................................................................................................57 Testbetingelser ..........................................................................................................................................................57 Centrifugalpumper ....................................................................................................................................................57 Tandhjulspumper ......................................................................................................................................................58 Skruepumper .............................................................................................................................................................58 Pumper med hule rotorer...........................................................................................................................................58 Ventilatorproblemer ......................................................................................................................................................58 Typer på ventilatorproblemer....................................................................................................................................58 Koblingsproblemer........................................................................................................................................................59 Problemer med kileremme ............................................................................................................................................59 Remskive skævhed....................................................................................................................................................59 Excentriske eller ubalancerede remskiver.................................................................................................................60 Kileremsresonans (Remmene slår)............................................................................................................................60 Fleksible konstruktioner................................................................................................................................................60 Problemer med gearkasser ............................................................................................................................................60 Naturlige vibrationer .................................................................................................................................................60 Beskadigede eller tærede tandhjul.............................................................................................................................61 Samtanding ...............................................................................................................................................................61 Forkert tandindgreb...................................................................................................................................................62 Excentriske tandhjul..................................................................................................................................................62 Dårligt oprettede tandhjul .........................................................................................................................................62 Slidte tandhjul ...........................................................................................................................................................62 Problemer med Planetgear ........................................................................................................................................62 Problemer med Rotationskompressorer ........................................................................................................................63 Problemer med stempelmaskiner ..................................................................................................................................63 Demodulation....................................................................................................................................................................64 Amplitude modulation ..................................................................................................................................................64 Hvad er amplitude modulation? ................................................................................................................................64 Stød ...........................................................................................................................................................................66 Amplitude modulation i maskinvibration .....................................................................................................................66 Ulinearitet i maskiner................................................................................................................................................67 Modulation i rulningslejer.........................................................................................................................................67 Konstruktion af en amplitude demodulator...................................................................................................................68 Demodulations detaljer .............................................................................................................................................69 Evaluering af demodulerede lejevibrationsspektre. .....................................................................................................70 Introduktion...............................................................................................................................................................70 Demodulerede spektres fremtræden..........................................................................................................................70 Cases: ............................................................................................................................................................................73 Eksempler på demodulerede spektre.........................................................................................................................73 Motordrevet centrifugal pumpe.................................................................................................................................73 Udendørs transportbåndssystemer.............................................................................................................................75 Krangearkasse ...........................................................................................................................................................78 Balancering. ......................................................................................................................................................................81 Indledning. ....................................................................................................................................................................81 Statisk contra moment ubalance....................................................................................................................................82 Tiloversbleven ubalance. ..............................................................................................................................................84 Instrumentering. ............................................................................................................................................................88 Side 4 af 157
Vibrationsmåling – vibrationsanalyse – balancering Vektorløsning................................................................................................................................................................90 1-plans balancering. ......................................................................................................................................................94 2-plans balancering .......................................................................................................................................................96 Bestemmelse af tiloversbleven ubalance.....................................................................................................................100 Eksempler på praktiske vibrationsløsninger....................................................................................................................101 Køletårn CT5 – koblingssammenbrud på drivakslen (element 1)...............................................................................101 Fejl i den indre ring af et kugleleje. ............................................................................................................................104 Fejl i den ydre ring af et kugleleje...............................................................................................................................107 Smørefejl.....................................................................................................................................................................109 K 9451 – Kobling ude af balance................................................................................................................................111 Balancering af en køletårnsventilator..........................................................................................................................113 Balancering på stedet af koblingen på en hurtiggående pumpe. .................................................................................115 Vibrationsanalyse brugt til at afsløre beskadigelse af gear. ........................................................................................117 Balancering på stedet af et udkraget ventilatorhjul. ....................................................................................................120 Pumpediagnose ved vibrationsmålinger (Bredbånd contra spektrum)........................................................................123 Sammenbrud af et støtteleje for en drivskive på en motor..........................................................................................128 Lejesammenbrud i den frie ende af motor K6321.......................................................................................................131 Ubalance i det andet trin af centrifugalkompressor K3851A......................................................................................133 Lejesammenbrud i en vandpumpe for et køletårn. ......................................................................................................135 Lejefejl på en cirkulationspumpe for en reaktor. ........................................................................................................138 Lejefejl på en HVAC ventilator til en off-shore gas platform.....................................................................................141 Ubalance i pumpe eller hvad?.....................................................................................................................................144 Eksempel på opretningsfejl og resonans. ....................................................................................................................146 Appendiks: ......................................................................................................................................................................148 Appendiks 1: Et Minikursus fra VibroConsult............................................................................................................148 Appendiks 2: Testbænk...............................................................................................................................................155 Prøvestande til vibrationsanalyse og balancering....................................................................................................155 Appendiks 3: Øvelsesoplæg........................................................................................................................................156 En prøvestand som den er opbygget på <strong>Fredericia</strong> <strong>Maskinmesterskole</strong>..................................................................156 Prøvestanden består af: ...........................................................................................................................................156 Appendiks 4: Oplæg til øvelser:..................................................................................................................................157 Ubalance. ................................................................................................................................................................157 Opretning. ...............................................................................................................................................................157 Lejefejl. ...................................................................................................................................................................157 Fundamentsfejl........................................................................................................................................................157 Side 5 af 157
Page 2 and 3: Vibrationsmåling - vibrationsanaly
Page 14 and 15: Vibrationsparametre: Vibrationsmål
Page 22 and 23: Miljøpåvirkninger. Vibrationsmål
Page 42 and 43: Bøjet aksel Symptomer Vibrationsm
Page 52 and 53: Løsgang i rullekontaktlejer Vibrat
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Løsgang i glidelejer Vibrationsmå
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Vibrationsmåling - vibrationsanaly
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Tandhjulspumper Vibrationsmåling -
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Forkert tandindgreb Vibrationsmåli
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Vektorløsning. Vibrationsmåling -
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Fig.2 Vibrationsmåling - vibration
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Fig.2 - Gearkassens indretning Vibr
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Ubalance i pumpe eller hvad? Vibrat
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Appendiks: Vibrationsmåling - vibr
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er derfor belastningsafhængigt. Vi
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Billedet viser et konstrueret frekv
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Appendiks 3: Øvelsesoplæg. Vibrat
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Hent Vibrationskompendiet her - Fredericia Maskinmesterskole

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