Nachwachsende Rohstoffe - nova-Institut GmbH

Weitere Magazine

Empfehlungen

Info

Nr. 45 – September 2007 Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Task 39 – Liquid Biofuels from Biomass D. Bacovsky, M. Wörgetter, ABC und FJ-BLT Wieselburg Progress made during 2004 – 2006 All work within Task 39 aims to exchange information on research, development and market implementation of biofuels. In the previous working period (2004 – 2006), focus was laid on research in new biofuels, in particular bioethanol from lignocellulosic raw materials, and on the validation of political and legislative measurements. 8 reports were elaborated, that can be assessed through the task-webpage www.task39.org. Monitoring of the biofuels market is the basis for advice given to governments. During the past working period, fossil oil prices increased dramatically. Even mild winters in the northern hemisphere could not beat down energy prices, the reason being – according to experts – the growing energy demand in China and India. Climate change has attracted worldwide attention in media and the broad public. This has also lead to increased attention to biofuels. Besides energy supply security and reduction of local and global environmental impact, the importance of biofuels as a factor in the development of rural areas is increasing. In many countries biofuels are seen as an important political factor, and politicians increasingly push for their development. The main challenges hereby are (1) the secure supply with raw material at competitive prices, and (2) the sustainable, environmentally compatible, and socially accepted production, distribution and utilization of biofuels. IEA Bioenergy To face these challenges the entire chain from feedstock production up to actual and future vehicle technologies must be further developed. Efforts should concentrate on: • the optimization of existing biofuels technologies in terms of cost reduction, efficiency improvement, utilization of by-products, broadening of the feedstock base and improvement of greenhouse gas balances, and • the development of second generation biofuels, aiming for maximization of energy output per hectare, and utilization of innovative agricultural and forestry raw materials such as Miscanthus and short rotation crops, in order to improve the ecological performance and reduce the costs. A well-balanced approach to various options is of major importance. Pros and cons of both generations of biofuels are to be pondered, and decisions will need to be made on which biofuels to go for. Concerns of feedstock producers, biofuel end users and technology providers are to be considered carefully. The demanding targets of the Austrian government as • to increase the biofuel market share to 10% in 2010 and 20% in 2020, and • achieve a renewable energy share of 45% in 2020, and the challenge of further greenhouse gas emission reduction increase the value of Austria´s participation in IEA Bioenergy Task 39. The ongoing information exchange sets the benchmark for Austria´s position, shows which efforts are made worldwide, and which technologies and which technical, economical and logistic measurements will lead to success. More information: www.task39.org E-Mail: HR Dipl.-Ing. Manfred Wörgetter, manfred.woergetter@fjblt.bmlfuw.gv.at, Dipl.-Ing. Dina Bacovsky, dina.bacovsky@abc-energy.at 18
Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Nr. 45 – September 2007 14. Kurz gemeldet Wisions of sustainability: Biofuel Since 2004 “WISIONS” provides under SEPS support to innovative projects that aim to realize sustainable energy solutions for a broad range of applications throughout the world. Transport fuels are responsible for a high share of current GHG-emissions. With the annually increase of flow of traffic and the scarcity of oil, the need for new fuels is evident. Sustainable and locally produced biofuel is one option to replace the finite fuel oil, thereby reduce import dependency and CO 2 emissions. Critical aspects of the biofuel production chain, like competition of energy crop vs. food crops, use of pesticides/fertilizers and biodiversity vs. monocultures need to be discussed. The highlighted projects aim to make use of biofuels in a sustainable manner focussing on the different stages in the process from introduction, generation and various end-uses of biofuels each sensitively adapted to the respective contexts. More about: www.wisions.net/pages/wisions.htm, www.wisions.net/pages/GP_biofuel.htm Department of Defense and NASA Look to Fuel Jets with Biofuels Both the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are currently funding efforts to explore the use of biofuels for jets. Syntroleum is providing the DOD with 500 gallons of a new renewable jet fuel derived from entirely from fats supplied by Tyson Foods, Inc. The fuel will be used for research, development, and performance testing in military jet turbines. Syntroleum recently formed Dynamic Fuels LLC, a joint venture with Tyson Foods, to produce synthetic fuels from animal fats, greases, and vegetable oils. The companies plan to build a plant in the Southwest that will begin production in 2010 with the capacity to produce 75 million gallons of fuel per year. According to Syntroleum, the U.S. Air Force plans to certify all its aircraft to run on alternative fuels by 2010 and wants 50% of its fuel to come from domestic alternative sources by 2016. The most likely sources for such domestic alternative fuels are either biomass or coal. While Syntroleum is focused on animal fat, a Honeywell subsidiary called UOP LLC intends to produce jet fuel using oils extracted from plants or algae. UOP develops process technology for the refining industry, and the company's technology is geared toward producing feedstocks that can be used in existing refineries. In late June, UOP was awarded $6.7 million by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to develop and commercialize a process to produce military jet fuel, known as JP-8, from biomass oils. UOP will work with DOE's Sandia National Laboratories and others to develop the process by the end of next year. UOP has already developed a new process to convert vegetable oils into diesel fuel and plans to build a facility in Italy by 2009. More information: www.syntroleum.com/pr_individualpressrelease.aspx?NewsID=1018955, www.syntroleum.com/pr_individualpressrelease.aspx?NewsID=1023522, www.uop.com/pr/releases/PR.DARPABiofuel.pdf Source: EERE Network News, 18 July 2007 19
Seite 1 und 2: Nachwachsende Rohstoffe ISSN 1993-1
Seite 3 und 4: Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Nr. 45 - Se
Seite 17: Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Nr. 45 - Se

Nachwachsende Rohstoffe - nova-Institut GmbH

Sie wollen auch ein ePaper? Erhöhen Sie die Reichweite Ihrer Titel.

Template löschen?

Als Template speichern?