Migration in Burundi: History, Current Trends and Future - MGSoG ...

Content
Abbreviations.......................................................................................... 5
Acronyms................................................................................................ 6
List of Tables.......................................................................................... 7
List of Figures ........................................................................................ 7
1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 8
2. General Country Profile.....................................................................11
2.1 Population ..........................................................................................................................11
2.2 Culture and ethnicity.........................................................................................................12
2.3 Colonial history..................................................................................................................13
2.4 Economic situation...........................................................................................................13
2.5 Political situation ...............................................................................................................15
2.6 History of conflict in Burundi.........................................................................................16
2.7 Health in Burundi..............................................................................................................18
3. Historical Overview of Migration in Burundi ................................. 20
3.1 Migration Patterns in the Great Lakes Region: 1960-2000.........................................20
3.2 International migration from Burundi: 1960-2000.......................................................21
3.2.1 Refugee flows from Burundi....................................................................................21
3.2.2 Main destinations.......................................................................................................22
3.3 Internal migration within Burundi: 1960-2000 .............................................................23
3.3.1 Internal displacement................................................................................................23
3.3.2 Relocation policies.....................................................................................................23
4. Current Migration Patterns .............................................................. 25
4.1 Current regional migration in the Great Lakes Region ...............................................25
4.2 Current international Burundian migration...................................................................26
4.2.1 Burundi as a refugee-sending country ....................................................................26
4.2.2 Burundi as a refugee-hosting country.....................................................................27
4.3 Current Internal Burundian migration...........................................................................28
4.3.1 Internally Displaced Persons in Burundi ...............................................................28
4.3.2 Rural-urban migration...............................................................................................29
5. Burundian Diaspora in the Netherlands ..........................................31
5.1 Tracing the origins ............................................................................................................31
5.2 Burundians in the Netherlands- size and status............................................................34
5.3 Burundi migrants and organisations -Location and organizing..................................36
5.4 Divisions within the diaspora in the Netherlands........................................................38
5.4.1 Diversity in the Burundian community..................................................................38
5.4.2 Minority fighting majority in the diaspora .............................................................39
6. Migration and Development in Burundi ..........................................41
6.1 Brain drain/ skill flow.......................................................................................................42
6.2 Return migration ...............................................................................................................43
6.3 Remittances........................................................................................................................45
6.3.1 Remittances from Burundians in the Netherlands ...............................................46
6.4 The impact of remittances in Burundi ...........................................................................47
6.5 International programmes for migration and development .......................................48
7. Policies Regarding Migration ..........................................................51
7.1 Migration policies in Burundi..........................................................................................51
7.2 Burundi Government’s policies towards the diaspora.................................................51
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