Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public

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Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11617.html BOLSTERING SOMNOLOGY RESEARCH 255 TABLE 8-1 NIH Institute Support of Somnology and Sleep Disorders Research Project Grants (R01) in 2004 Number Institute of Grants National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 102 National Institute of Mental Health 88 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 49 National Institute on Aging 31 National Institute of General Medical Sciences 22 National Institute of Nursing Research 19 National Eye Institute 15 National Institute on Drug Abuse 13 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 12 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases 11 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 10 National Cancer Institute 7 National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases 5 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders 4 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 1 Fogarty International Center 1 NOTE: Institutes and centers in bold are not members of the Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating Committee. Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating Committee In 1986, the Director of the NIH established the Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating Committee to facilitate an interchange of information about somnology and sleep disorders research. This coordinating committee meets every 2 to 3 months to discuss current sleep-related activities within the NIH and develop new programs. Currently 13 NIH institutes and offices are members of the Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating Committee. The director of the NCSDR chairs the Coordinating Committee, and its members are program staff from the various NIH institutes with an interest in somnology and sleep disorders. Although most institutes that support sleep-related research are members of the coordinating committee, a few are not (Table 8-1), including the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and the National Eye Institute. In 2004 these two institutes each supported more sleep-related grants than 8 of the 13 current members—close to 10 percent of all sleep-related research project grants. The Trans-NIH Sleep Research Coordinating Committee offers the somnology and sleep medicine field an exceptional resource for increasing and coordinating NIH support of interdisciplinary sleep-related research Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11617.html 256 SLEEP DISORDERS AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION and career development programs. Over the last 10 years, through requests for applications (RFAs) and program announcements (PAs), members of the coordinating committee have cosponsored 16 out of the 18 research project grant initiatives (Appendix F). This has the advantage of spreading out the costs of an initiative over multiple institutes, thus being able to support greater investment. However, as will be discussed in greater detail later in this chapter, recently the coordinating committee has not taken a proactive role in developing new research programs. National Center on Sleep Disorders Research In direct response to the 1993 report of the National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research, Wake Up America: A National Sleep Alert, a provision of the NIH Revitalization Act instructed the Director of the NIH and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to establish the NCSDR. As described in the congressional language, the mission of the NCSDR is to “conduct and support of biomedical and related research and research training, the dissemination of health information, and the conduct of other programs with respect to various sleep disorders, the basic understanding of sleep, biological and circadian rhythm research, chronobiology and other sleep related research” (U.S. Congress, Senate, 1993). As mandated by Congress the NCSDR has the authority: • for the conduct and support of research, training, health information dissemination, and other activities with respect to sleep disorders, including biological and circadian rhythm research, basic understanding of sleep, chronobiological and other sleep-related research; and • to coordinate the activities of the NCSDR with similar activities of other federal agencies, including the other agencies of the NIH, and similar activities of other public entities and nonprofit entities. (See Appendix D for complete congressional language.) The NCSDR establishment within the NHLBI allowed it to call upon the existing successful programs at the NHLBI in sleep-disordered breathing as well as the NHLBI’s expertise in public education programs. It was realized at the inception of the NCSDR that there was a major need to educate both public and health care professionals about sleep and sleep disorders. Because many NIH institutes have a strong interest in somnology and sleep disorders research and fund portfolios of grants in this area, it was not envisioned that all funding for sleep-related programs would be done through the NCSDR. Rather, the NCSDR would facilitate development of research and training programs in areas of identified need. In addition, it would be a center that facilitated and coordinated research across Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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