Rural Income Generation and Diversification - A Case Study ... - Doria

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140 Lanjouw, J.O. & Lanjouw, P. 2001. The Rural Non-Farm Sector: Issues and Evidence from Developing Countries. Agricultural Economics 26: 1-23. Lanjouw, P., Quizon, J., & Sparrow, R. 2001. Non-Agricultural earnings in Peri-Urban Areas of Tanzania: Evidence from Household Survey Data. Pood Policy 25(4): 358-403. Low, A. 1986. Agricultural Development in Southern Africa. James Currey, London. Maddala, G.S. 1987. Limited-Dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometrics. Cambridge University Press. New York. USA. MAFF. 1997. Agricultural Statistics Bulletin. Policy and Planning Division. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. Lusaka, Zambia. MAFF. 2001a. Agricultural Statistics Bulletin 1999/2000. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. Lusaka, Zambia. MAFF. 2001b. Some Statistics on Districts for the 2001/2002 Season. Eastern Province Agricultural Office. Chipata. Mathenge, M.K. & Tschirley, D. 2007. Off-Farm Work and Farm Production Decisions: Evidence from Maize-Producing Households in Rural Kenya. Paper presented in CSAE Conference “Economic Development in Africa” in St. Catherine’s College, University of Oxford March 2007. Available at: http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/conferences/2007-EDiA- LaWBiDC/papers/408-Mathenge.pdf McCulloch, N., Baulch, B. & Cherel.Robson, M. 2000. Poverty, Inequality and Growth in Zambia during the 1990s. IDS Working Paper 114. Institute of Development Studies. Sussex. McKay, A. 2000. Should the Survey Measure Total Household Incomes? In: Grosh, M. and Glewwe, P. (eds.) 2000. Designing Household Survey Questionnaires for Developing Countries. Lessons from 15 years of the Living Standards Measurement Study. Vol. I-III. The World Bank. Washington D.C. Mickels Kokwe, G. 1997. Maize, Markets and Livelihoods. State Interventions and Agrarian Change in Luapula Province, Zambia, 1950-1995. Institute of Development Studies. Helsinki. Milimo, J. 1991. The Eastern Province of Zambia. In: CSO 1999b. Agricultural and Pastoral Production. Small and Medium Scale Holdings 1996-1997. Structural Type and Post-Harvest Data. 36 p. Central Statistical Office of Zambia, Lusaka.
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Page 1 and 2:
Kaisa Karttunen Rural Income Genera
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University of Helsinki Department o
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CONTENTS 1. Introduction ..........
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Table 6. Percentages of income from
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WFP World Food Programme WHO World
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12 man 2002). These include income-
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14 The following questions were for
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16 of household comsumption is also
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18 Zambian farmers fall into three
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20 impact on rural poverty. Startin
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22 1992 consumer and transportatio
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24 The Government of Zambia (GRZ) i
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26 inadequate monitoring of the act
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28 Distributor Scheme was fully in
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30 as tobacco and cotton the out-gr
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32 households were directly afflict
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34 If it had no control over the m
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36 According to the AHM, a househol
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icultural economy was opened up to
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Similar concerns were shared by Tay
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order to reduce income variablity.
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of infrastructure development, the
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which implies that diversification
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Haggblade et al. (2002) argue that
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In many cases the processing of the
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4.9 Rural income diversification in
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Table 3. Rural income-diversificati
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1990s - made the farmers reluctant
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In addition to asset endowments and
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5.1.2 The 2003 dataset The second s
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clarifying some concepts and assess
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5.2 Methods The theoretical grounds
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able random variables not explicitl
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Incshare 25 or Inclevel 26 = β0 +
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5.2.4 Choosing the estimation metho
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74 Both cash and in-kind income wer
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76 Share of income 100 90 80 70 60
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78 The households considered market
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80 The proportion of income generat
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82 The seasonality effect was clear
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84 Since a lack of money was given
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86 % of income 100 90 80 70 60 50 4
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88 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Page 90 and 91: 90 6.1.7 Grouping households accord
Page 92 and 93: 92 number of adult members, was cri
Page 94 and 95: 94 more likely to use fertilisers a
Page 96 and 97: 96 holds. According to the responde
Page 98 and 99: 98 The following process was follow
Page 100 and 101: 100 6.1.9 The results of the econom
Page 102 and 103: 102 The categorisation of household
Page 104 and 105: 104 Table 20. Determinants of the s
Page 106 and 107: 106 In some cases the former househ
Page 108 and 109: 108 indicated thus an opposite tren
Page 110 and 111: 110 The Simpson diversification ind
Page 112 and 113: 112 tares - the difference being st
Page 114 and 115: 114 which brought more purchasing p
Page 116 and 117: 116 diversification index. Block an
Page 118 and 119: 118 evidence that households had no
Page 120 and 121: 120 such as piecework and forest la
Page 122 and 123: 122 7.2 Changes in the households b
Page 124 and 125: 124 lower soil fertility, and the l
Page 126 and 127: 126 8. Conclusions and recommendati
Page 128 and 129: 128 Rural non-farm activities are l
Page 130 and 131: 130 Politiikkamuutosten seurauksena
Page 132 and 133: 132 References Abdulai, A. & CroleR
Page 134 and 135: 134 CSO. 1997. Living Conditions Mo
Page 136 and 137: 136 Ellis, F., Kutengele, M. & Nyas
Page 138 and 139: 138 Heltberg, R. (mimeo) 2001. Comm
Page 142 and 143: 142 Ruotsi, J., Lindberg, O., Seger
Page 144 and 145: 144 Zulu, B., Nijhoff, J.J., Jayne,
Page 146 and 147: 146 Annex 2. The theoretical framew
Page 148 and 149: 148 1,050 millimetres, while in the
Page 150 and 151: 150 Annex 4. Schedule of the field
Page 152 and 153: 152 Annex 5. Three household cases
Page 154 and 155: 154 In the 1970s and 1980s, and eve
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