north american native orchid journal - at The Culture Sheet

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Brown & Folsom: WILD ORCHIDS OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE AND MAINE Spiranthes ochroleuca (Rydberg) Rydberg yellow ladies’-tresses Range: Michigan east to Nova Scotia, south to Kentucky and South Carolina In the White Mountains region: occasional to local Plant: terrestrial, 10-55 cm tall Leaves: 3-5; appearing basal or on the lower portion of the stem; linear-lanceolate, up to 2 cm wide × 21 cm long; ascending to spreading; the leaves are present at anthesis Flowers: 10-50; in a spike, tight-to-loosely spiraled with 3- 4(5) flowers per cycle, ascending; sepals and petals similar, lanceolate; lateral sepals appressed to petals and lip, straight; perianth white to cream-colored; lip oblong to ovate, the central portion of the lip a deeper creamy yellow or butterscotch color, individual flower size 0.7-1.2 cm Habitat: dry to somewhat moist open sites, ledges, barrens, slightly wooded areas, grassy roadsides Flowering period: late August to September Typically, Spiranthes ochroleuca has a distinct butterscotchcolored trough in the center of the lip, something that is very visible if one looks at the bottom side of the lip. Perhaps the very best areas to look for the yellow ladies’tresses are roadside scrapes and borrow pits. The plants often colonize such areas. They usually occupy the drier portions and the nodding ladies’-tresses, S. cernua, often is found in the wetter areas. Such combinations are very helpful in comparing the species. Hybrids with S. casei are known as S. ×borealis. 258
Brown & Folsom: WILD ORCHIDS OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE AND MAINE Spiranthes romanzoffiana Chamisso hooded ladies’-tresses Range: Alaska east to Newfoundland; south to California, northern New Mexico, Indiana, Pennsylvania; Northern Ireland, Great Britain In the White Mountains region: apparently quite rare despite many old records Plant: terrestrial, 10-50 cm tall Leaves: 3-6; basal and extending up the lower ¼ of the stem linearlanceolate, up to 1.5 cm wide × 25 cm long, passing into a few slender bracts; present at flowering time Flowers: 10-60; in a dense spiral; nearly horizontal to ascending; sepals and petals similar, creamy white to greenish-white to creamy-yellow, lanceolate, acuminate; lateral sepals appressed to the petals and lip forming an ascending hood; the lip oblong, panduriform, the broadened margin recurved and finely lacerate; individual flower size 0.9-1.2 cm Habitat: rocky riverbanks, seeps, fens; usually calcareous Flowering period: mid July to August Spiranthes romanzoffiana is the most widespread Spiranthes to be found in northern North America. Starting to flower in midsummer in the far north it continues flowering until late August further south. The almondscented flowers and arching hood are distinctive among our eastern Spiranthes and could not possibly be mistaken for any other species. In a few areas it may hybridize with Spiranthes lacera var. lacera to produce Spiranthes 259 ×simpsonii. Climbing down a mountainside after a breathtaking ride in a tbar up the mountain might be foolish. Of course finding a new site for the Spiranthes made it worth it.
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