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P e 1 10 -1 10 -2 10 -3 10 -4 10 -5 10 -6 10 -7 10 -8 10 -9 10 -10 0 THEORETICAL CURVES 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 (dB) E b /N o IDEAL PSK, NO CODING CONV. CODING (7, 1/2) R-S CODING (255, 223) CONV. + R-S (IDEAL INTERLEAVE) CONV. + R-S (NO INTERLEAVE) Figure K-1. Theoretical Performance of Concatenated, R-S, and Convolutional Coding (from [2]) Revision 10 K-2 450-SNUG
NOTE: Throughout this document, the coding gain achieved by using rate 1/2 convolutional coding is already included in the equations for determining the return link minimum required Prec for a 10 -5 BER. K.2.2 Figure K-1 shows the theoretical performance of concatenated coding. Customers with an Eb/No of 4.2 dB (referenced to the data rate of the convolutional code) can achieve a BER of 10 -5 at the output of the convolutional decoder at the ground terminal, and a BER of 10 -10 at the output of the R-S decoder (without interleaving). K.2.3 Although the CCSDS recommendation for telemetry coding does not include periodic convolutional interleaving (PCI) of the convolutional encoder output symbols, PCI is recommended for S-band customers with concatenated coding and channel baud rates > 300 kbps. When interleaving is not employed for channel baud rates > 300 kbps, Sband performance may not be guaranteed. K.3 (255, 223) R-S Coding (Without Convolutional Coding) K.3.1 Since all S-band return services (SSAR, MAR, and SMAR) require convolutional encoding, R-S coding alone (without the convolutional inner code) applies only to the KuSA and KaSA return services. Uncoded signals must maintain an E b/No of 9.6 dB in an AWGN channel in order to achieve a 10 -5 BER at the ground terminal. R-S encoding alone, in conjunction with KuSAR or KaSAR service, allows the customer to reduce their Prec by up to 3.0 dB and still achieve a BER better than 10 -7 at the output of the R-S decoder. K.3.2 When transmitting at a reduced Prec with an E b/No less than 9.6 dB, the customer will be operating at a BER worse than 10 -5 at the input of the R-S decoder. K.4 Summary K.4.1 The resultant Prec reductions and BER performance with R-S encoding are summarized in Table K-1. R-S decoding is performed either by the SN for WDISC customers or at the customer MOC. Revision 10 K-3 450-SNUG
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452 / Space Network Project 450-SNU
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Space Network Users’ Guide (SNUG)
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Preface The Space Network Users’
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Change Information Page List of Eff
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Table of Contents Section 1. Introd
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6.2.5 Real-Time Configuration Chang
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Appendix B. Functional Configuratio
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Appendix J. Customer Constraints fo
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Figure 10-5. NCCDS/NEST Scheduling
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Figure B-6. Customer Platform Funct
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NASA Standard Transponder .........
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Table B-3. Data Configuration Const
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1.1 Purpose and Scope Section 1. In
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Section/ Appendix Table 1-1. Docume
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S SN Future Services Describes futu
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Many of the links require access to
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Revision 10 1-9 450-SNUG https://co
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Section 2. SN Overview 2.1 General
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Revision 10 2-3 450-SNUG Customer P
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Multiple Access Antenna • 30 elem
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Table 2-1. Example of TDRS Constell
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services. The detailed TDRS spacecr
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Average Coverage (%) 100 95 90 85 8
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quality. For further information on
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3.1 General Section 3. Services Ava
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Revision 10 3-3 450-SNUG MA (note 1
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Table 3-2 provides an overview of t
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Revision 10 3-7 450-SNUG TDRS G/T (
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Data Group and Mode (note 4) Table
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platforms to have SA support on one
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a TDRS. Compatibility testing is pe
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NASA-unique 4800 bit block and then
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Revision 10 3-17 450-SNUG Table 3-4
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the Space Network's ability to supp
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4.1 Overview Section 4. Obtaining S
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5.1 General Section 5. MA Telecommu
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an appropriate forward service has
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Table 5-1. TDRSS MA Forward PSK Ser
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NOTE: Customers who operate in a SS
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Table 5-3. Salient Characteristics
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e. The customer platform receiving
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DG1 (note 1) Table 5-6. TDRSS MA Re
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Table 5-6. TDRSS MA Return Service
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platform transmit frequency for non
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configurations, the I-Q channel amb
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Acquisition (note 3) (cont’d): Ta
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d. After symbol/decoder and symbol/
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Section 3, paragraph 3.5 for guidel
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5.3.3.4 Reacquisition While in the
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5.3.5 Acquisition Scenarios The fol
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d. DG2 Mode Transitions. 1. DG2 non
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6.1 General Section 6. SSA Telecomm
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6.2.2 PSK Signal Parameters The TDR
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Table 6-1. TDRSS SSA Forward PSK Se
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6.2.2.2 BPSK Signal Parameters a. B
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unless the customer is utilizing th
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Table 6-2. TDRSS SSA Forward Phase
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Table 6-3. TDRSS SSA Forward Servic
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d. The customer platform receiving
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DG1 (note 1) Table 6-7. TDRSS SSA R
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Table 6-7. TDRSS SSA Return Service
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6.3.2.2 DG1 Signal Parameters DG1 s
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and signal characteristics specifie
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3. Balanced Power Single Data Sourc
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and an ephemeris uncertainty as def
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Table 6-11. SSA Return Service Real
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2. DG1 Mode 1 (or 3) to DG1 Mode 2
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Table 6-12. TDRSS SSA Return Servic
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service is supported through TDRS F
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Table 6-14. TDRS SSAR IF Service Sp
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7.1 General Section 7. KuSA Telecom
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c. Frequency Sweep on the Forward L
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Table 7-1. TDRSS KuSA Forward Servi
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7.2.5 Acquisition Scenarios The fol
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Table 7-4. KuSA Forward Service Rea
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Table 7-5. TDRSS KuSA Return Servic
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. SQPSK Modulation. SQPSK modulatio
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7.3.2.3 DG2 Signal Parameters DG2 s
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Revision 10 7-21 450-SNUG Dual Data
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code and carrier acquisition will b
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identical data) having unbalanced I
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acquisition, the process should tra
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Table 7-8. KuSA Return Service Real
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egins) or by its customer platform
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Reconfiguration and reacquisition b
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7.3.6 225 MHz IF Service This secti
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Table 7-11. TDRS KuSAR IF Service S
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7.3.6.3 Potential Signal Performanc
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8.1 General Section 8. KaSA Telecom
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8.2 KaSA Forward Services 8.2.1 Gen
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Table 8-1. TDRSS KaSA Forward Servi
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c. Asynchronous Data Modulation. Fo
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Table 8-2. TDRSS KaSA Forward Servi
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in Table 8-1. The EIRP directed tow
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Table 8-5. TDRSS KaSA Return 225 MH
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Single Data Source Dual Data Source
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Revision 10 8-21 450-SNUG Acquisiti
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8.3.3.2 Bit Error Rate (BER) Table
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d. Loss of Autotrack. Loss of autot
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Table 8-8. KaSA Return Service Real
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noncoherent transmissions are desir
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Table 8-9. TDRSS KaSA Return 225 MH
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Changes to the operating conditions
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Table 8-11. TDRS KaSAR 225 MHz and
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Section 9. Tracking and Clock Calib
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(sample-to-sample) range data as in
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NOTE: The definition of 240. MHz is
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time" refers to that portion (leadi
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e. TDRSS Delay Compensation. The WS
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Section 10. SN Operations for TDRSS
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Table 10-2. Overview of SN Message
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10.2.2.6 Schedule Distribution List
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Table 10-3. Schedule Request Descri
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Revision 10 10-9 450-SNUG Applicabl
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10.2.3.4 Forecast Scheduling Genera
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which have been committed to the SN
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10.2.4.2 Specific Schedule Request
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e. Each SSC represents a single ser
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NOTE: TUT reports are not transmitt
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Scheduling Data (SHO) Operations Me
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10.2.7.2 NISN Event Schedule (NES)
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System Element Table 10-7. Real-tim
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System Element Table 10-9. Real-tim
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System Element Table 10-10. Real-ti
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System Element Table 10-10. Real-ti
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Revision 10 10-33 450-SNUG Message
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10.4 Customer Platform Emergency Op
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operations. During a customer platf
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Appendix A. Example Link Calculatio
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A.3.2 Forward service link calculat
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User Spacecraft G/T (dB/K) 20 10 0
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. Required Eb /No is 9.9 dB (BER of
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Ideal Required Prec (dBWi) -150 -16
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Appendix B. Functional Configuratio
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Customer MOC SN Data Interface WDIS
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Revision 10 B-5 450-SNUG SN Ground
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Revision 10 B-7 450-SNUG SN Ground
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The SN return services are divided
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Revision 10 B-11 450-SNUG From chan
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Revision 10 B-13 450-SNUG From sing
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Revision 10 B-15 450-SNUG NRZ Only
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Revision 10 B-17 450-SNUG Table B-3
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The signal is transmitted using unb
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Appendix C. Operational Aspects of
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service PN codes (command and range
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Revision 10 C-5 450-SNUG Table C-1.
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Revision 10 C-11 450-SNUG Table C-3
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Revision 10 C-13 450-SNUG Table C-3
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C.4 Reacquisition C.4.1 Introductio
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Table C-4. Parameters Which Impact
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Customer MOC/NCCDS changes operatin
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. Initial acquisition not achieved
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Appendix D. Spectrum Considerations
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For most Space Network users, the a
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PFD (α) = maximum power flux densi
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Equation D-5: sin 4 ( x) P T , / 2
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For signals with two channels, the
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PFD (dBW/m^2/4kHz) -142 -144 -146 -
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Figure D-4. NTIA Out-of-Band (OOB)
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Table D-5. Spectrum Points of Filte
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criteria for deep space operations
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PSD (dBW/Hz) -170 -180 -190 -200 -2
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potential interference to other sys
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Annex to Appendix D D.A.1 Special C
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Table D.A-1. Peak Power Calculation
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Appendix E. Customer Platform and T
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1. Jitter = None (Coded or Uncoded
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Figure E-8. QPSK Phase Imbalance id
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Page 447 and 448: For forward service: O/ OUT AM / PM
Page 449 and 450: E.16 Out-of-Band Emissions Out-of-b
Page 451 and 452: E.21 PN Chip Rate PN code chip rate
Page 453 and 454: Appendix F. Periodic Convolutional
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Page 457 and 458: Appendix G. Predicted Performance D
Page 459 and 460: G.3.3 If the RFI environment become
Page 461 and 462: G.6 SSA and MA Forward Service RFI
Page 463 and 464: Appendix H. Demand Access System (D
Page 465 and 466: H.1.4 DAS Service Modes There are t
Page 467 and 468: DAS provides service through each s
Page 469 and 470: modulation format. Acquisition by D
Page 471 and 472: H.1.5.3 Transmission Delays The ove
Page 473 and 474: Receiving service request responses
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Page 477 and 478: H.3.2 Communications Interface H.3.
Page 479 and 480: Upon determining that the request i
Page 481 and 482: Appendix I. NASA Integrated Service
Page 483 and 484: Figure I-1. NISN/SN Legacy Interfac
Page 485 and 486: I.2.2 Non-IP Routed Data Services P
Page 487 and 488: Network Control Header Customer Hea
Page 489 and 490: NOTE: A block with bit 82 set to bi
Page 491 and 492: Appendix J. Customer Constraints fo
Page 493 and 494: J.3 Acquisition For S-band DG2 nonc
Page 495: Appendix K. Use of Reed-Solomon Cod
Page 499 and 500: Appendix L. McMurdo TDRSS Relay Sys
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Page 503 and 504: N.3 Test Services Description Test
Page 505 and 506: TDRSS component may require the who
Page 507 and 508: N.6.2 Test Scheduling The use of al
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Page 511 and 512: model also determined duty cycles f
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Page 515 and 516: P.1 Major System Components P.1.1 C
Page 517 and 518: P.2 External Interfaces P.2.1 Netwo
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Page 521 and 522: SNAS MOC user will be able to speci
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Page 527 and 528: gateway and a proxy for the Closed
Page 529 and 530: Figure Q-1. WDISC Overview Q.2.1 IP
Page 531 and 532: database management, testing, troub
Page 533 and 534: In general, to obtain SN services,
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Page 537 and 538: Figure R-1. SN Gateway Overview Rev
Page 539 and 540: Figure R-3. WSC SN Gateway Interfac
Page 541 and 542: Table R-1. Comparison of Between WD
Page 543 and 544: Table S-1. TDRSS Forward Service Si
Page 545 and 546: Service Modulation Coding (2) Data
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Service Data Group DG2 (5) Phase Mo
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Service Data Group Mode Modulation
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Command Data Telemetry Data Ground
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And Data Handling (C&DH), referred
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Table U-1. TDRSS MAR Service Recomm
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Table U-2. TDRSS SSAR Service Recom
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BSR bit slippage rate BW bandwidth
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EET End-to-End Test EIF Engineering
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IRAC Interdepartmental Radio Adviso
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NASCOM NASA Communications Network
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R R range acceleration between a T
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SND Space Network Directive SNG SN
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T s receiving system noise temperat
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