Native American and French Settlement Patterns - Northern ...

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were passed through the ice.[48] Large catches of whitefish and lake trout were caught in the summer, fall and winter through the use of nets. The Huron and Odawa also used spears and hooks and line to catch fish especially during the winter and spring. The Indians used antler and large mammalian bone as raw material in the manufacture of conical projectile points, leister prongs and large unilaterally barbed harpoons. These spears or "javelins" were used for catching large or "monstrous" lake trout during the winter through holes in the ice. The fish were decapitated and filleted on the ice and then brought to the village.[49] Bone awls, iron fishhooks and brass and iron wire were used in catching fish. Lake trout is best taken by hook and line early in the spring immediately after the ice breakup.[50] Spring is also the
spawning season for the yellow walleye/sauger, a popular angling fish.[51] During the dangerous spring breakup of the ice the Indians sought out migrating sturgeon and sucker on tributary waters. Native Diet. - The basic diet of the Huron and Odawa was primarily fish together with maize.[52] This was also the basic diet of the protohistoric Huron in their Ontario homeland.[53] The traditional Indian dish was sagamite, which is a corn meal gruel that included meat or fish and sometimes other vegetables. The addition of the fish or meat provided the necessary protein balance thus creating a food of superior nutritional value.[54] Other ways of preparing the fish were by boiling and broiling. In the 1690s Cadillac reported that "In the evening they eat fish cooked in all sorts of ways - fried, roasted, boiled, smoked or stewed . . ." and
Page 1 and 2: NATIVE AMERICAN AND FRENCH SETTLEME
Page 3 and 4: Christianity. Into this trading par
Page 5 and 6: 14 Iroquois Intrusion 10 Huron Peop
Page 7 and 8: Part IV: Native Accomodation and Re
Page 9 and 10: NATIVE AMERICAN AND FRENCH SETTLEME
Page 11 and 12: the Straits of Mackinac including t
Page 13 and 14: that no vestige of them now remains
Page 15 and 16: seeking and eventually contacting t
Page 17 and 18: The first Jesuit missionaries visit
Page 19 and 20: their home.[8] Huron People. - Jesu
Page 21 and 22: longhouses sometimes surrounded by
Page 23 and 24: with their northern neighbors. Even
Page 25 and 26: (Khionontateronon or Petun), Tionon
Page 27 and 28: Minnesota, but were driven out by t
Page 29 and 30: site was critical to the survival o
Page 31 and 32: Iroquois. In the east a short peace
Page 33 and 34: Marquette Leaves. - In the fall of
Page 35 and 36: they collect from these places must
Page 37 and 38: that they arrived at Michilimackina
Page 39 and 40: and between six and seven thousand
Page 41 and 42: another, and together they border a
Page 43 and 44: It should be borne in mind that fou
Page 45 and 46: the settlement on the north side ha
Page 47 and 48: and Charlevoix's map of his 1721 vi
Page 49: fishery . . . ."[43] Fishing was th
Page 53 and 54: growing increasingly difficult to k
Page 55 and 56: Retention of Native Beliefs. - Alth
Page 57 and 58: . . . Every dance had its own name;
Page 59 and 60: ut the soil and climatic conditions
Page 61 and 62: this plant was utilized is not cite
Page 63 and 64: was used as a charm and medicine. U
Page 65 and 66: dice, the size of plum stones, were
Page 67 and 68: Utilization As part of the importan
Page 69 and 70: and adjoining chapel called St. Fra
Page 71 and 72: trader -- in the middle and lower-
Page 73 and 74: Father Carheil, who was stationed a
Page 75 and 76: himself in the struggle against the
Page 77 and 78: Franquelin in mapping the New Engla
Page 79 and 80: in two ways: by selling unlimited q
Page 81 and 82: court a new program for the west wh
Page 83 and 84: sales are unknown. Through 1701 his
Page 85 and 86: Iroquois, deal with French commerci
Page 87 and 88: even be killed for their trespass.
Page 89 and 90: War with the Iroquois and Western M
Page 91 and 92: and ammunition the Odawa and Huron
Page 93 and 94: est known and most successful trade
Page 95 and 96: ecord is studied it is found to con
Page 97 and 98: children, and some few superannuate
Page 99 and 100: presides over [Lake Huron]."[93] At
Page 101 and 102:
own men opposed it as much as they
Page 103 and 104:
COMMERCIAL POLICIES: Northern PART
Page 105 and 106:
means adopted to carry out the poli
Page 107 and 108:
confiding in the allies or giving n
Page 109 and 110:
eturned to their homes. French infl
Page 111 and 112:
effective when it was known that ei
Page 113 and 114:
peace with the Five Nations, whose
Page 115 and 116:
t i e d s e c u r e l y t h a n
Page 117 and 118:
f a t e f u l w o o d s - e d g e c
Page 119 and 120:
t e d t h a t h e h a d a c t e
Page 121 and 122:
e n o n v i l l e t h a n a n I r
Page 123 and 124:
l d s o o n p a s s t h a t w a
Page 125 and 126:
q u o i s t h r o u g h t h e i r
Page 127 and 128:
e n o t e d T e g a n i s s o r e n
Page 129 and 130:
e y w e r e p e a c e e n v o y s
Page 131 and 132:
l . K o n d i a r o n k f e i g n
Page 133 and 134:
a g e a n d f u r y , c u r s i n
Page 135 and 136:
a y i n g h i m i n t o b e c o
Page 137 and 138:
f t r e a c h e r y . T h e n t h
Page 139 and 140:
e r s a n d T e g a n i s s o r e n
Page 141 and 142:
killed the peace; we shall see how
Page 143 and 144:
ut Baron de LaHontan, held Kondiaro
Page 145 and 146:
soundly crushed the Iroquois. The i
Page 147 and 148:
power." Reduction in Fighting.- Wit
Page 149 and 150:
at Michilimackinac to settle there.
Page 151 and 152:
harvest. The Kiskakon Odawa had six
Page 153 and 154:
leaders living in the vicinity of S
Page 155 and 156:
aised enough maize for themselves a
Page 157 and 158:
Lignery, had apparently been sent t
Page 159 and 160:
seeking more arable lands which the
Page 161:
the Indians who were settled here [
Page 164 and 165:
their consorts. As a result, there
Page 166 and 167:
and St. Andrew which appears as Cet
Page 168 and 169:
in the nineteenth century it is dif
Page 170 and 171:
and settled in St. Ignace. The patt
Page 172 and 173:
for them.[112] It is important to r
Page 174 and 175:
Ecology and Ethnozoology of the Upp
Page 176 and 177:
(1974), 121-138. . "Settlement Anal
Page 178 and 179:
de'Amerique Septentrionale (1614-17
Page 180 and 181:
An Archaeological Perspective on th
Page 182 and 183:
[3].James E. Fitting. "The Nelson S
Page 184 and 185:
[14].White. "Neutral and Wenro," p.
Page 186 and 187:
[33].Fitting. "The Gyfakis and McGr
Page 188 and 189:
[46].JR 55:161-165. [47].Lahontan.
Page 190 and 191:
Authority. East Lansing: The Museum
Page 192 and 193:
Conquest," Smithsonian Institution,
Page 194 and 195:
1:1 (1961), 10. [106].Cited in Ston
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