Gschwend%20thesis.pdf

-2Z-
alpha-pinene ( ~ ), and limonene ( -ü ) in Ulva pertusa
and Laminaria sp. Work was also done to demonstrate the antimicrobial
activity of the carbonyl and terpene fractions isolated (Katayama, 1962).
Some effects on annelids and nematodes were also demonstrated (Katayama,
196Z) .
Ulitzur and Hastings (1978) have shown that straight-chain alde-
hydes (C9-C16) are utilized in bioluminescent reactions of marine bac-
teria.
Many workers have shown the occurrence of halogenated volatiles in
algae. Burreson et al. (1975) found numerous halo
forms in Asparagopsis
taxiformis, the dominant one being bromoform (CHBr 3) . These compounds
accounted for 0.4% of the dry weight
(CBr 4)' tetrahalopropenes (
polyhalobut-3-en-Z~ones (
were also found.
x X
yy
)( )C
X~I(
o l(
of the alga. Tetrabromomethane
o
), monohaloacetones ( ~ X ),
), and 3, 3-dihaloacroleins ('á 'fi )
Lovelock (1975) has interpreted high levels of methyl iodide (CH3I)
in Laminaria beds as production and release of this volatile by these
algae. Zafiriou (1975) noted that this compound will react in seawater
yielding methyl chloride (CH3CI) among other products.
Numerous volatile halogenated monoterpenes have been found in red
algae. These include mono- and di-halo myrcenes. (
(Burreson et al., 1975; Ichikawa et al., 1974).
Volatiles from Marsh Grass
x 0
~Cl Ll~r
Miles et a1.(l973) have analyzed Juncus roemerianus (a marsh
grass) for its volatile content by steam distillation. Numerous com-
pounds were found and included C11-CZO hydrocarbons, several C7-C9
aldehydes, nine CS-C18 ketones and some C1Z-C15 ethers. The volatile
)