03469_00_FM_pi-xxxii pp2.indd - CengageBrain

Licensed to:
North: abolitionist impact
in, 316–317; African
American migration
to, 719–720, 745; army
of, 381–384, 388–390,
394–398, 399–403,
409–411; balance of forces
in, 381–385; Civil War by
(See Civil War); colonization
of, 35–41, 45–52;
Compromise of 1850 for,
343–346, 347, 355; cotton
trade in, 299–300; economic
boom of, 391–392;
free blacks in, 305–306,
401–402; free states in,
217–219; Kansas dispute
in, 359–363; Kansas-
Nebraska Act reaction in,
355–356; manufacturing
in, 261–262, 382–383,
473–475; navy of, 379,
383, 398–399; racial strife
in, 806; railroad through,
353, 382; shift ing demographics
in, 745; society
in, 62–64, 67–68. See also
New England; specifi c
states
North, Lord, 110, 114, 139
North America: British/
French confl ict over,
92–96; British settlement
of, 21–32, 33–52; exploration
and discovery of,
7–16; free trade agreement
in, 865–866; French
colonization in, 89–95;
native people of, 4–7;
shaping of, 1, 3–4. See also
specifi c countries
North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA),
865–866
North American Review, 282
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO), 757–758,
808, 867, 877
North Carolina: capital of,
147; colonization of,
28, 29–30; Constitution
ratifi cation by, 162–163;
secession of, 379. See also
South
North Dakota, 521, 526
Northern Pacifi c Railroad,
461, 520
Northern Securities
Company, 572
North Korea, 762–765, 772,
873. See also Korea
Northwest Ordinance (1787),
151
Northwest Territory, 150–151
Norway, 703
NOW (National Organization
for Women), 857
NRA (National Recovery
Administration), 677, 683
NSC (National Security
Council), 757, 762
Nuclear weapons, 753, 758–
759, 760, 779, 783–784,
793, 797–798, 847, 873.
See also Atomic bombs
Nuremberg war crimes trial,
753–754
Nye, Gerald, 698–699
Oakley, Annie, 509
Obama, Barack, 879, 895, 896
Oberlin College, 282
Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA), 825
O’Connor, Flannery, 788
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 850,
878, 895
Offi ce of Economic
Opportunity, 803
Offi ce of Price Administration,
718
Oglethorpe, James, 31, 92
Ohio: Cleveland, 269, 807;
Erie Canal impact on, 269;
Kent State University in,
820; Ohio Valley, 93–95,
137, 215, 217; statehood
of, 166
Oil industry: automobile
impact on, 470–471,
633–634, 828; dependence
on foreign, 835,
837; development of, 392,
467, 470–471; economic
impact of, 743, 828;
energy crisis and, 828,
835; environmental issues
with, 835, 899; in Middle
East, 648, 743, 756,
780–781, 827–828, 835,
837, 856–857
Okinawa, Japan, 733
Oklahoma: “Indian Territory”
in, 241, 514; Native
Americans removal to,
240–241, 515; oil industry
in, 633; Oklahoma City
bombing, 863; statehood
of, 521–522; women’s suffrage
in, 605
Oldenburg, Claes, 897
Older Americans: Medicare
for, 803–804, 888–889;
political activism of, 878,
888; Social Security for,
682–683, 762, 824, 878,
889; twenty-fi rst century,
888–889
Olds, Ransom E., 630
O’Leary, J. A., 596
Olive Branch Petition, 124
Oliver, Joseph King, 637
Olney, Richard, 465, 531, 541
Olympic Games, 837, 845
Oñate, Don Juan de, 15
Oneida Community, 287
Oneidas, 137
O’Neill, Eugene, 640
Onondagas, 30
On the Duty of Civil Disobedience
(Th oreau), 293
OPEC (Organization of
Petroleum Exporting
Countries), 781, 828, 835
Open Door policy, 551–552,
558, 559, 578, 648
Operation Desert Storm, 857
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 734,
758–759
Oregon: British and American
interests in, 222,
324–325, 328–329; Native
Americans in, 239; social
reforms in, 569
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries
(OPEC), 781, 828, 835
Organized crime, 628–629
Orlando, Vittorio, 613–614
Osceola, 240
Index I-33
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