Timms Lindgren Steff..

8 LOWELL LINDGREN AND COLIN TIMMS
Francesco Algarotti's posthumous edition of Pallavicini's Opere (Venice, 1744) contains only five
librettos. Its first volume is identical to the 1736 print of translated odes, and its second contains
translations of other poems by Horace. Its third begins with translations of Locke, Euripides and
Virgil, then provides what may be the earliest extant copy of Un pazzo ne fa cento ovvero Don
Chisciotte (iii, 135-236), a comic opera text that Giovanni Ristori had set for a Dresden production in
1727. The final volume consists mainly of occasional poetry, and it ends with a pastoral discourse on
music and a discourse on friendship (which is dated 'Warsaw, 1732'). The occasional poems include
three brief secular dramas and one oratorio: Timandra, an egloga for Teagene, Amarilli, Alcindo,
Nerina and Dorinda, written for the arrival of Empress Arnalia in Neuhaus, 27 May 1737 (iv, 51-66);
I delicati, a dialogo per musica for Amore and a chorus, written to celebrate the birth of the elector's
daughter (iv, 75-84); an untitled dialogo per musica for Marte, Venere, Imeneo and Calliope, for the
marriage of Gio. Adamo, baron of Efferen, and Marianna, baroness of Spee (iv, 85-93); and Ipelle-
grini a1 sepolcro di N. S., an oratorio for Albino, Eugenio, Teotimo, Agapito and Guida (iv, 105-22).
The last work was first set by Hasse in 1742. The composers of the secular dramas remain to be
identified, because no bibliographic study of Pallavicini's librettos has yet been completed.
3. Johann Philipp Franz von Schonborn (1673-1724)
During the Baroque period, the Schonborn family was among the most powerful in the Austro-
German empire. Johann Philipp von Schonborn (1605-73), called 'the German Solomon', was from
1642 the bishop of Wurzburg and from 1647 the powerful elector-archbishop of Mainz and lord
chancellor of the empire. Meanwhile, his brother, Philipp Erwein, fathered seven daughters and five
sons, one of whom, Melchior Friedrich (1644-1717), sired seven daughters and seven sons, the eldest
of whom was Johann Philipp Franz (hereafter, J.P.F.).~~ The seven brothers were each educated in
Catholic schools chosen by their youngest uncle, Lothar Franz (1655-1729), bishop of Bamberg from
1693 and elector-archbishop of Mainz from 1695.~~ Five of the seven became priests, and four of
these became bishops. Among the latter were the two eldest, J.P.F. and Friedrich Karl, who studied
in 1687-9 at the Jesuit College in Wurzburg and in 1690-2, when they were in their late teens, at the
Collegio Germanic0 in Rome. The next two brothers, Damian Hugo and Franz Erwein, studied at
this Roman college in 1693-5.44 When the two eldest Schonborns were in Rome, they took violin
lessons from a 'mei~ter'.~' Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni (1657-1743) was maestro di cappella at their col-
42 The accomplishments of the seven sons are summarized in Friedhelm Jiirgensmeier, 'Politische Ziele und kirchliche
Erneuerungsbestrebungen der Bischofe aus dem Hause Schonborn im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert', in Die Grafen von
Schonborn: Kirchenfursten, Sammler, Mazene, Ausstellungskatalog des Gemanischen Nationalmuseums, Nuremberg,
18 February to 23 April 1989, ed. Hermann Maue and Sonja Brink (Passau, 1989), 11-23, and a detailed genealogical table
of the family is provided on a fold-out page at the end of the volume.
43 His nepotism is discussed in Alfred Schrocker, 'Die Heiratspolitik des Lothar Franz von Schonborn (1655-1729)', Mainzer
Zeitschriji: Mittelrheinisches Jahrbuch fur Archaologie, Kunst und Geschichte, 71-2 (19767), 197-204; idem, 'Der
Nepotismus des Lothar Franz von Schonbom', Zeitschrift fur bayerische Landesgeschichte, 43 (1980), 143-57; and idem,
'Die Privatfinanzen des Lothar Franz von Schonbom (1655-1729), Geschichtliche Landeskunde, 21 (1980), 192-229.
44 Friedhelm Jiirgensmeier, 'Dr. Gottfried Bessel im Dienste der Reichsgrafen von Schonborn', in Gottfried Bessel
(1672-1749): Diplomat in Kurmainz, Abt von Gottweig, Wissenschafiler und Kunstmazen, ed. Franz Rudolf Reichert,
Quellen und Abhandlungen zur mittelrheinischen Kirchengeschichte, 16 (Mainz, 1972), 26; Josef Friedrich Abert, 'Die
Jugend- und Studienzeit der beiden Wiirzburger Bischofe Johann Philipp Franz und Friedrich Karl von Schonborn',
Frankenland: Zllmtrierte Monatschrift, 1 (1914), 145-56; Andreas Steinhuber, Geschichte des Kollegium Germanikum
Hungarikum in Rom (2nd edn, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1906), ii, 569; Peter Walter, 'Zur Ausbildung am Collegium
Germanicum im 18. Jahrhundert: Reformvorschlage von zwei geistlichen Reichsfiirsten aus dem Hause Schonborn',
Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archivcn und Biblio:heken, 61 (1981), 362-79. Abert, 148, reproduces a fine
engraving that portrays J.P.F. as Bishop of Wurzburg (1719-24).
45 Letter from J.P.F. to his mother, dated 29 July 1690, partly printed in Fritz Zobeley, Rudolf Franz Erwein, Graf von
Schonborn (1677-1754) und seine Musikpflge, Neujahrsblatter herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft fur Frankische
Geschichte, 21 (Wiirzburg, 1949), 10-1 1.
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF AGOSTINO STEFFANI AND GIUSEPPE RIVA, 1720-1728 9
lege and its affiliated church, ~ant'~~ollinare?~ 'where on feast days the divine offices are celebrated
with a great concourse of people, enticed by the exquisite music that is performed, and edified by the
piety and devotion of the noble and well-bred youth' ('celebrandovi le feste li divini uffizij, con molto
concorso di popolo, allettato dall'esquisita musica, che vi si mantiene, & edificato dalla pieta e
divozione di questa nobile e si ben'allevata gi~ventu').~~ While in Rome, J.P.F. and Franz Erwein, the
brothers most involved with music, made the acquaintance of Bernardo Pasquini, Arcangelo Corelli
and Matteo Fornari (Corelli's a~sistant).~' When he returned to Germany, Franz Erwein took with
him at least three recently published collections of trio sonatas:' and J.P.F. may well have done the
same. When the latter was in Rome in summer 1708, Franz Erwein asked him to purchase 'cello,
violin and theorbo strings.'' He may have purchased music as well, because seventeen Italian
prints in his brother's collection bear the handwritten date 1708, apparently indicating the year of
acq~isition.~'
After their return to Germany in the mid-1690s, J.P.F. and Franz Erwein were often employed,
as their father had been, as diplomats in the service of the elector-archbishop of Mainz. Baron J.P.F.
thus represented Mainz at Paderborn in 1695, at Hanover and Dusseldorf in 1698 (where he may
have met Steffani and Pallavicini, respectively), and at Wurzburg in 1699-1700. He was appointed
provost of St Bartholomew's Cathedral, Frankfurt, in 1700. His family was elevated to the rank of
'Reichsgraf in 1701, so it was Count J.P.F. who represented Mainz at Wurzburg in 1702-3. In 1703
he was elected provost of Wurzburg Cathedral, but his opponent contested the decision, so J.P.F.
journeyed to Rome, where Clement XI sanctioned his election. Meanwhile, Franz Erwein married in
1701 and became the count of Schonborn-Wiesentheid in 1704, while Friedrich Karl became imperial
vice-chancellor upon the accession of Joseph I in 1705. When J.P.F. went to Rome in 1708, he
attempted (in vain) to guarantee that the vice-chancellor would inherit the bishopric of Bamberg. He
and hs brothers were in Frankfurt for the coronation of Charles V1 in 1711, and he was named
provost of the cathedral chapter in Mainz in 1714.52 When he visited Vienna in October 1714 as
a representative of the elector of Mainz, he was accompanied by 'a complete retinue of 11-12 per-
sons and a travelling carriage or 6 galleys with noisy musical instruments. . . . His entire household,
46 Pitoni served the college and church from 1686 until his death. See the biography by Girolamo Chiti, printed in Giuseppe
Ottavio Pitoni. Notizia de' contrapuntisti e compositori di musica, ed. Cesarino Ruini, Studi e testi per la storia della musica,
6 (Florence, 1988), 351-6.
47 Carlo Bartolomeo Piazza, Operepie di Roma, descritte secondo 10 stato presente (Rome: Gio. Battista Bussotti, 1679), 237,
revrinted in idem. Eusevolopio romano, overo delle opere pie di Roma, accresciuto & ampliato secondo 10 stato presente
A
(~ome: Giovanni Andreoli, 'i699), i, 236.
48 See letters dated 1708-9, cited in Zobeley, RudolfFranz Erwein, 11, 19 and 29-30.
49
Fritz Zobeley, Die Musikalien der Grafen von Schonborn-Wiesentheid, Part 1: Das Repertoire des Grafen Rudolf Franz
Erwein von Schonborn (1677-1754), Vol. 1: Drucke am den Jahren 1676 bis 1738 (Tutzing, 1967), nos. 26,44 and 139. Vol. 1
catalogues 149 items of printed music - and vol. 2 lists 498 music manuscripts - that Franz Envein collected. His next
acquisitions were three prints bought at Leyden in 16967 and seven at Paris in 1699: see Lowell Lindgren, 'Count Rudolf
Franz Erwein von Schonborn (1677-1754) and the Italian Sonatas for Violoncello in his Collection at Wiesentheid', in
Relazioni musicali tra Ztalia e Germania nell'etd barocca, Atti del V1 convegno internazionale sulla musica italiana nei secoli
XVII-XVIII, Loveno di Menaggio (Como), 11-13 July 1995, ed. Alberto Colzani, Norbert Dubowy, Andrea Luppi and
Maurizio Padoan (Como, 1997), 262-3.
50 Zobeley, RudolfFranz Erwein, 19.
51
The seventeen dated 1708 are Zobeley, Schonborn- Wiesentheid, part l, vol. 1, nos. 1, 11, 14, 30, 38,42,63,78,95-7, 118 and
121 (vocal works) and nos. 31, 126, 128 and 136 (instrumental works). Two more prints of music composed by Italians bear
the handwritten date 1708, but they were published in Augsburg (no. 21) and Paris (no. 81). There are also three Italian
prints (nos. 10,86 and 144) with the manuscript dates 1703,1705 and 1707, respectively.
His diplomatic assignments are listed in Ludwig Bittner and Lothar GroB, eds, Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter
aller Lander seit dem Westfiilischen Frieden (1648), 1: 1648-1715 (Oldenburg, 1936), 300-15, while his ecclesiastical
appointments are discussed in Jurgensmeier, 'Bessel', 324, and 'Politische Ziele', 16-17. The marriage of his brother is discussed
in Max Domarus, Rudolf Franz Erwein v. Schonborn, Graf und Herr zu Wiesentheid (1677-1754): Mensch, Kiinstler,
Staatsmann (Gerolzhofen, 1954), 27-58, and the career of the vice-chancellor in Hugo Hantsch, Reichsvizekanzler Friedrich
Karl, Graf von Schonborn (1674-1746), einige Kapitel zur politischen Geschichte Kaiser Josefs I. und Karls VZ., Salzburger
Abhandlungen und Texte aus Wissenschaft und Kunst, 2 (Augsburg, 1929).