the vascular flora of the natchez trace parkway - NPS Inventory and ...

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3.3.7 Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Plant Taxa of the Natchez Trace Parkway This section provides a brief discussion of the results from the survey. A detailed discussion is provided in Appendix C and is intended to be the “non-public” portion of the present report. The literature search, herbarium records, and field surveys identified 31 taxa within the NATR as being rare, threatened, or endangered. Table 11 summarizes documented vouchers, records, or observations of such species within the boundaries of the NATR. None of these taxa were documented by the the present study. However, previous studies were able to document extant populations of some taxa in addition to historical records within the NATR. Rosso and Reed (1996), focused on the following terrestrial plant taxa; Trillium foetidissimum T. D. Freeman, Mikania cordifolia (L. f.) Willd., Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook., Schisandra glabra (Brickel) Rehder., and Pachysandra procumbens Michx. The results of their study documented extant populations of only one taxon, M. cordifolia, within the proposed Southern Terminus of the NATR. Additional populations of M. cordifolia were located in adjacent completed sections of the NATR and led the authors to suggest any existing populations impacted by construction would likely recover. Although none the remaining taxa were located, it was noted that suitable habitat was present in the proposed construction area and it was further suggested that surveys be conducted at the appropriate time of year when the relevant taxa could be readily found and identified. The Tennessee Chapter of the Nature Conservancy conducted a basic-level biological field survey in 1995 on a section of the NATR which included an emphasis on rare, threatened, and endangered plant and animal taxa. The survey identified 22 records which represented 16 listed plant taxa. Field surveys by the TNC verified 7 of these records representing 5 taxa and an additional 11 new occurrences were found representing 6 taxa. Although herbarium records from BRIT and VDB were unable to provide verifiable locations within the NATR, one additional record of Xyris tennesseensis Kral, was found to be very near the NATR. This record represents an additional location for the taxon outside the NATR but in close proximity to previously documented site within the NATR’s boundaries. Field observations made by the present survey recorded two possible locations in Tennessee where Apios priceana B.L. Robbins populations may exist. 28
Table 11: Records of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Plant Taxa on the Natchez Trace Parkway Taxon State Reference Amelanchier arborea Alabama TNC 1995 Arabis georgiana Alabama TNC 1995 Arenaria fontinalis Tennessee TNC 1995 Asarum canadense Mississippi TNC 1995 Aster ericoides Mississippi TNC 1995 Cacalia suaveolens Tennessee TNC 1995 Carex virescens Mississippi TNC 1995 Coreopsis auriculata Mississippi TNC 1995 Dennstaedtia punctilobula Alabama TNC 1995 Drosera brevifolia Tennessee TNC 1995 Gentiana saponaria Alabama TNC 1995 Hydrastis canadensis Tennessee TNC 1995 Isopyrum biternatum Alabama TNC 1995 Juglans cinerea Mississippi TNC 1995 Juncus brachycephalus Tennessee TNC 1995 Lilium michiganense Tennessee TNC 1995 Lonicera flava Tennessee TNC 1995 Marshallia trinervia Tennessee TNC 1995 Menispermum canadense Mississippi TNC 1995 Mikania cordifolia Mississippi Reed and Rosso 1996 Osmorhiza longistylis Mississippi TNC 1995 Pachysandra procumbens Alabama TNC 1995 Panax quinquefolius Mississippi TNC 1995 Parnassia grandifolia Tennessee TNC 1995 Spiranthes lucida Tennessee TNC 1995 Spiranthes ovalis Tennessee TNC 1995 Swertia caroliniensis Mississippi TNC 1995 Trichomanes boschianum Mississippi TNC 1995 Trillium sessile Alabama TNC 1995 Uvularia grandiflora Alabama TNC 1995 Xyris tennesseensis Tennessee TNC 1995 3.3.8 Weedy and Invasive Taxa of the Natchez Trace Parkway Precise definitions of “weedy” or “invasive” taxa vary considerably. The precise definition used is often dependent on the ultimate goal of the user defined term. “The ecological perspective considers any plant a weed if it is a pioneer species that thrives in a degraded habitat with a history of disturbance through human agency” (Hilty 2006). According to www.invasive.org, invasive taxa are “any species, including its seeds, eggs, spores, or other biological material capable of propagating that species, that is not native to that ecosystem; and whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health” (Invasive Taxa 2006). Weedy taxa differ from invasive taxa in that they “are not considered a significant threat to the natural environment because they tend to disappear after artificial disturbances have been removed,” (Hilty 2006), while invasive taxa are much more difficult to remove once they have been established. 29
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The Vascular Flora of the Natchez T
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Godfrey, R.K. and J.W. Wooten. 1981
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APPENDIX A Collection Locations by
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Site Date Site Description GPS Coor
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APPENDIX B Endemic Vascular Plants
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Family Taxon NATR Voucher State Ref
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APPENDIX C Locations of Rare, Threa
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some degree of color variation in t
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Taxon State Location Last Verified
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APPENDIX D Alphabetical List (by Ge
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Taxon Common Name(s) Codes Voucher
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