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16 Species number IV(1) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 IV(2) V(1) V(2) VI(1) VI(2) VII(1) VII(2) VIII(1) VIII(2) IX(1) IX(2) X(1) X(2) Fig. 8. Seasonal peaks for nepticulid larval activity (mining) in Lithuania. Dark colour – author‘s collecting data, shown in Table 1 as black dots l; white colour – the predicted seasonal peaks shown in Table 1 as white dots m 3.2. NEPTICULIDAE OF CENTRAL ASIA – A REVIEW OF THE FAUNA In Central Asia, 90 nepticulid species were recognized; most of them (54 species) belong to Stigmella, 16 to Acalyptris, 11 to Ectoedemia, 4 to Fomoria, 2 to Glaucolepis, 2 to Etainia and 1 to Trifurcula. Fifteen species were described by the author as new to science (Table 2). Western Kopetdag and the southern slopes of the Gissar Ridge are recognized as the areas in the region most diverse in nepticulid species. However, about onethird of the Kopetdag fauna is represented by species with a Euro-Asian distribution, in contrast to the Gissar nepticulid fauna which characterized by 93% of endemic species. In total, the endemism of the Central Asiatic Nepticulidae fauna is very high (71%) (figs 9, 10). A review of published data on nepticulid bionomics, heavily modified updated with the author’s original larval-rearing data, shows that about half (53%) the Central Asiatic species with a known host-plant are trophically associated with Rosaceae (Aflatunia, Cerasus, Crataegus, Malus, Prunus, Pyrus, Rosa, Rubus, Spiraea) (fig. 11); 11% occur on Salicaceae (Populus, Salix), 8% on Ulmaceae (Celtis, Ulmus), Aceraceae (Acer) or Rhamnaceae (Paliurus, Rhamnus, Ziziphus), and 6% on Betulaceae (Betula). Plant families such as Hypericaceae, Moraceae and Fagaceae are known as host-plant families for just a single nepticulid species. XI(1)
Table 2. A taxonomic list of Nepticulidae of Central Asia with species distribution data: AM – south-eastern areas of Armenia, AZ – south-eastern areas of Azerbaijan, IR – Iran (except the southern territories), TM – Turkmenistan, UZ – Uzbekistan, TJ – Tajikistan, AF – northern provinces of Afghanistan, KZ – western and southern parts of Kazakhstan, KG – Kyrgyzstan Genera and species AM AZ IR TM UZ TJ AF KZ KG Stigmella Schrank l l l l l l m l l 1. maloidica Puplesis, 1991 l 2. paliurella (Klimesch, 1940) m l m l 3. abaiella Klimesch, 1979 l 4. ficulnea Puplesis & Krasilnikova, 1994 l l 5. turbatrix Puplesis, 1994 m l l m 6. luteella (Stainton, 1857) l 7. nivenburgensis (Preissecker, 1942) m l 8. betulifoliae Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 l 9. pamirbetulae Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 l 10. excelsa Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 l 11. semiaurea Puplesis, 1988 l l m 12. bicolor Puplesis, 1988 l l m l m 13. acerna Puplesis, 1988 m l 14. inopinata Laštuvka & Laštuvka, 1990 l 15. juryi Puplesis, 1991 m l 16. montana Puplesis, 1991 l l 17. malifoliella Puplesis, 1991 l 18. regiella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) l 19. crataegella (Klimesch, 1936) m m l 20. crataegi Gerasimov, 1937 m l 21. aurora Puplesis, 1984 l 22. caspica Puplesis, 1994 l 23. lanceolata Puplesis, 1994 l 24. hissariella Puplesis, 1994 l 25. hybnerella (Hübner, 1796) l m l 26. anomalella (Göze, 1783) l m 27. spinosissimae (Waters, 1928) l 28. klimeschi Puplesis, 1988 l l 29. armeniana Puplesis, 1994 l 30. kopetdagica Puplesis, 1994 m l 31. ulmiphaga (Preissecker, 1942) m l 32. kazakhstanica Puplesis, 1991 m l m l 33. muricatella (Klimesch, 1978) m m l 34. rolandi van Nieukerken, 1990 l 35. trisyllaba Puplesis, 1992 l l l 36. polymorpha Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 m l 37. fasciola Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 l 38. longispina Puplesis, 1994 l m l 39. aiderensis Puplesis, 1988 l 40. kondarai Puplesis, 1988 l 41. juratae Puplesis, 1988 l 42. flavescens Puplesis, 1994 l m l m 43. johanssoni Puplesis & Diškus, 1996 l 44. talassica Puplesis, 1992 l 45. fuscacalyptriella Puplesis, 1994 l 46. divina Puplesis, Diškus, & Nieukerken, 1997 m l 47. aurella (Fabricius, 1775) l 48. lurida Puplesis, 1994 l m m 49. motiekaitisi Puplesis, 1994 l m l 50. kuznetzovi Puplesis, 1994 l 51. subsorbi Puplesis, 1994 m l 17
Page 1 and 2: VILNIUS UNIVERSITY Arûnas Diðkus
Page 3 and 4: VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETAS Arûnas Dið
Page 5 and 6: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Relevance of t
Page 7 and 8: The first catalogue of the world Ne
Page 9 and 10: The results of the doctoral thesis
Page 11 and 12: abdominal pelts of both sexes were
Page 13 and 14: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3. STRATEGIC
Page 15: Genera and species Period of mining
Page 19 and 20: Species number 50 45 40 35 30 25 20
Page 21 and 22: Genera and species OM IN NP LK 23.
Page 23 and 24: Genera and species Eastern part Sak
Page 25 and 26: Table 5. Taxonomic check-list of cu
Page 27 and 28: Table 6. A check-list of currently
Page 29 and 30: Despite very high species endemism,
Page 31 and 32: Figs 16, 17. Morphology of male gen
Page 33 and 34: Phylogeny Morphological or trophic
Page 35 and 36: In Central Asia, 90 nepticulid spec
Page 37 and 38: iðtirti Tischeriidae kolekcinæ me
Page 39 and 40: VPU Zoologijos katedros posëdþiuo
Page 41 and 42: atas ir pilvelis, ið dalies paðal
Page 43 and 44: ticulidae rûðys; dar dvi neatogr
Page 45 and 46: 8. Autoriaus tyrimai parodë, kad b
Page 47 and 48: agus, sklerotizuotos pateliø kiau
Page 49 and 50: 14. Puplesis, R., Diðkus, A. 2003.
Page 52: 52 Arûnas Diðkus NEPTICULOIDEA IR

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